Major Information Session ECE: Computer Engineering

Transcription

1 Major Information Session ECE: Computer Engineering Prof. Christopher Batten School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University

2 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? The Computer Systems Stack Application Gap too large to bridge in one step (but there are exceptions, e.g., a magnetic compass) Technology Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 2 / 18

3 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? The Computer Systems Stack Computer Engineering Application Algorithm Programming Language Operating System Compiler Instruction Set Architecture Microarchitecture Register-Transfer Level Gate Level Circuits Devices Technology In its broadest definition, computer engineering is the development of the abstraction/implementation layers that allow us to execute information processing applications efficiently using available manufacturing technologies Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 2 / 18

4 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? CS vs. Computer Engineering vs. EE Computer Engineering Application Algorithm Programming Language Operating System Compiler Instruction Set Architecture Microarchitecture Register-Transfer Level Gate Level Circuits Devices Technology Traditional Computer Science Computer Engineering is at the interface between hardware and software and considers the entire system Traditional Electrical Engineering In its broadest definition, computer engineering is the development of the abstraction/implementation layers that allow us to execute information processing applications efficiently using available manufacturing technologies Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 3 / 18

5 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Computer Engineering: From C/C++ to Logic Gates Computer Engineering Application Algorithm Programming Language Operating System Compiler Instruction Set Architecture Microarchitecture Register-Transfer Level Gate Level Circuits Devices Technology C/C++ Programming Language template < typename T > T* find_max( T* array, size_t n ) { if ( n == 0 ) return NULL; T* result = &array[0]; for ( size_t i = 1; i < n; i++ ) { if ( array[i] > *result ) result = &array[i]; } return result; } Boolean Logic Gates for Adder Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 4 / 18

6 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Core Computer Engineering Curriculum Computer Engineering Application Algorithm Programming Language Operating System Compiler Instruction Set Architecture Microarchitecture Register-Transfer Level Gate Level Circuits Devices Technology ECE 2400 Computer Systems Programming ECE 3140 Embedded Systems ECE 4760 Design with Microcontrollers ECE 4750 Computer Architecture ECE 2300 Digital Logic & Computer Org Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 5 / 18

7 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Technology Scaling is Slowing 7nm, ~50B Transistors Integrated CMOS System Performance Vacuum Tube Discrete Transistor Integrated Bipolar New Technology? Technology Fallow Period? OR Golden Age of SW/HW Co-Design? Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 6 / 18

8 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Example Application Domain: Image Recognition Starfish Dog Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 7 / 18

9 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Machine Learning: Training vs. Inference Training Model forward "starfish" labels many images backward =? "dog" error Inference few images forward "dog" Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 8 / 18

10 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? ImageNet Large-Scale Visual Recognition Challenge Top 5 Error Rate % 26% 60 16% 12% 7% Num of Entries Using GPUs Hardware: Graphics Processing Units Software: Deep Neural Network Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 9 / 18

11 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? SW/HW Co-Design for Deep Learning NVIDIA DGX-1 Graphics processor specialized just for machine learning Available as part of a complete system with both the software and hardware designed by NVIDIA Google TPU Custom chip specifically designed to accelerate Google s TensorFlow C++ library Tightly integrated into Google s data centers faster than contemporary CPU and GPUs Microsoft Catapult Custom FPGA board for accelerating Bing search and machine learning Accelerators developed with/by app developers Tightly integrated into Microsoft data center s and cloud computing platforms Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 10 / 18

12 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? SW/HW Co-Design Across Computing Spectrum Cloud Computing Google Cloud TPU Autonomous Driving Wearable Computing NVIDIA Drive PX2 Movidius Myriad 2 Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 11 / 18

13 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? The field of computer engineering is experiencing a disruptive sea change and has a critical choice: 1. A technological fallow period 2. A golden age of SW/HW co-design Majoring in electrical and computer engineering means you will have the opportunity to shape this golden age! Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 12 / 18

14 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Build Software/Hardware for IoT Startups Particle: Photon WiFi connected μcontrollers w/ Particle Cloud Punch Through Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 13 / 18

15 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Develop Algorithms and Chips for IoT IoT Device Wireless Communication Channel Wireless Base Station IoT Device Research from Prof. Christoph Studer, Cornell University Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 14 / 18

16 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Develop Embedded Software and Gateware Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 15 / 18

17 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Build System-Level Software for Data Centers Paragon [ASPLOS'13,TopPicks'14] Quasar [ASPLOS'14] Research by Prof. Christina Delimitrou, Cornell University Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 16 / 18

18 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Build High-Performance Chips for Data Centers Oracle s Sparc M7 Processor 4+ GHz in TSMC 16 nm 10B transistors 32 cores 256 threads per chip On-chip 64MB L3 cache Specialized hardware accelerators Solaris Operating System Java middleware Oracle s relational database Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 17 / 18

19 What is Computer Engineering? Trends in Computer Engineering What Do Computer Engineers Do? Build Software/Hardware for Robotics Research from Prof. Kirstin Pretersen, Cornell University Major Info Session ECE: Computer Engineering 18 / 18