Embedded Linux System Internals

Transcription

1 Timmins Training Consulting Sdn. Bhd. Embedded Linux System Internals VENUE: Penang, Malaysia DATE: April 1-5, 2019 TIME: 9 AM - 5 PM DURATION: 5 days

2 Timmins Training Consulting Our Training Profile About Us - was established in We are an HRDF registered training provider and our courses are HRDF claimable. We have done hundreds days of training sessions in many countries including Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, China, Taiwan, India Canada and USA. We have diverse clientele from telecommunications, information technology, finance, semi-conductor, manufacturing and oil & gas sectors. Why choose Timmins? We customize the content We provide experiential learning We work with subject matter experts Our training programmes include courses in: Artificial Intelligence & Data Semiconductor Software Development Telecommunications Web Development Professional Development Embedded Programming Sdn. Bhd.

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4 DESCRIPTION This course provides a deep insight into the Embedded Linux kernel internals in a hardware platform specific context. The various Linux Kernel sub system infrastructure (data structures and functions) around the Linux device and driver models are brought to a sharp focus. The interplay of different kernel sub systems managing resources such as memory, file system and CPU are brought to a perceptual level of understanding enabling diagnostics and debugging of Linux based Embedded systems. COURSE OBJECTIVES This course attempts to serve multiple objectives To enable participants understand the fundamental structure of Embedded Linux kernel from the perspective of porting a Linux based Operating System execution environment over some standard hardware platforms including board bring up and manage the execution of Embedded Applications on top of it taking them to a skill level of diagnostics and debugging. To enable participants, who are already familiar with the fundamentals of Embedded Linux, to become proficient in the different device driver frameworks of Linux. The approach is to understand the kernel internals from a driver design perspective and identify the Linux infrastructure provisions that serve as building blocks of the driver frameworks. To enable participants interested in Android platform porting for custom hardware involving Hardware Abstraction Layer realization over an androidized Linux kernel and device drivers. PRE-REQUISITES Embedded programming in C or C++, Knowledgeable in Realtime operating systems LEARNING OUTCOME To understand the configuration and build procedures associated with the kernel, root file system and device tree To understand the multistage boot initialization sequence of Arm based embedded Linux system To understand the management of Virtual address space resource in Linux kernel To understand the management of memory resource in Linux kernel To understand the interrupt handling, event handling and synchronization mechanisms in Linux To understand the Linux device and driver model and its visibility through sysfs To understand the Linux kernel sub system infrastructure that supports a program execution To understand the management of CPU resource in Linux kernel To understand the management of File System and File resources in Linux kernel To understand the use of /proc and /sys entries as diagnostic aids in Linux kernel and driver debugging

5 Embedded Linux System Internals - 5 Days Hands-on hardware specifics Boundary Systems Nitrogen 8M (IMX 8 based) boards 01 Configuration and Build Kernel Configuration Root file systems Jffs2 Cramfs Initramfs Device Tree Device tree entries overview Building device tree blob 03 Virtual Address Space Management in Linux Virtual address translation schema Kernel virtual address space Kernel address space mapping Fixed mapping Dynamic mapping vmalloc ioremap kmap Task virtual address space Boot Initialization Boot loader stages U-boot Kernel boot parameters Linux kernel boot initialization /sbin/init, init process and the scripts that are processed by init Minor Exercise Write a device tree entry for UART and build the device tree blob Major Exercise Configure and build the kernel, root file system and device tree using build root and bring up Linux on the Nitrogen 8M board Memory management in Linux Physical memory allocation Buddy allocation get_free_pages Zones GFP Masks kmalloc SLAB and SLUB allocations kmem_cache_init kmem_cache_create kmem_cache_alloc kmem_cache_free kmem_cache_destroy

6 Embedded Linux System Internals - 5 Days 05 Event handling and synchronization in Linux Interrupt generation at hardware level (GPIO 06 programming) Interrupt reporting (Interrupt controller configuration/ programming) Interrupt Capturing at kernel level Interrupt handling mechanisms (Interrupt Bottom Half handling) softirq Tasklets Worker threads Threaded irq handling Uevent and its delivery to user space through netlink socket Kernel Synchronization Use of Atomic updates and increments Semaphores Spinlocks Minor Exercise Write a kernel module that would generate a pseudo kernel space event which gets delivered to the user space udev process. Write appropriate udev rules to handle such an event to load a pseudo driver module. Write a pseudo driver module that registers an interrupt handler function and allocates buffer for data transfer Write an interrupt handler function that organizes a bottom half handling through any one of the bottom half handling mechanisms. Write a pseudo bottom half handler function that does buffer handling Devices and their drivers in Linux The Linux Device Model Platform devices Bus devices Linux Driver Model Device Registration struct device and its role in kernel space device registration. Driver Registration Device Probe function Sysfs entries Device registration in devtmpfs file system mounted on /dev Major Exercise Make suitable entries in device tree for the UART device in the Nitrogen 8M board, write a simple UART driver, build it as a kernel module and also as a built-in driver. Test the diver functionality through a test application. 07 Program Execution in Linux struct vm_area_struct struct page struct mm_struct page tables

7 Embedded Linux System Internals - 5 Days CPU management in Linux Scheduling Framework in Linux SCHED_FIFO SCHED_RR SCHED_OTHER CFS Multicore per-cpu resources in the kernel cgroup and its use File System and File management in Linux Virtual File System Page cache File System views /proc /sys /devtmpfs /tmpfs 10 Debugging Kernel data structure state published through /proc Device and driver data structure state published through /sys Minor Exercise Write a kernel module that does a page table walk for a specific process and dumps the physical page base addresses mapped to the Virtual Frame Numbers. Create cgroup entries and study its effect Study of /proc entries Study of /sys entries

8 About NITROGEN8M The Nitrogen8M single board computer (SBC) is the latest in i.mx based Nitrogen platforms, from NXP. Built with industry-leading audio, voice and video processing, the i.mx 8M applications processor family is ideal for applications scaling from consumer home audio to industrial building automation and mobile computers. Key Features of the Nitrogen8M Series: Cortex-A53 (64-bit) + Cortex-M4F 2GB of LPDDR4 RAM (Up to 4Gb) 8GB emmc (Up to 128Gb) USB 3.0 Pre-Certified WiFi (802.11ac) & Bluetooth (BT 4.1) module 4K + HDR Video Capabilities 4-Lane MIPI-DSI Display (up to 1080p) Dual Camera Inputs (4-Lane MIPI-CSI) High Performance GPU3D (GC7000) Ideal Applications for the Nitrogen8M: Video Optimized for streaming video devices including: Over-the-top (OTT) set top boxes Digital media adapters Digital signage Machine visual inspection Voice control Industry leading voice processing for: Voice controlled devices Voice assistants Audio Perfect for a variety streaming audio solutions: Surround sound Wireless or networked speakers Sound bars Audio/Video (AV) receivers Public address system General HMI Engineered to deliver optimal results with your general purpose human machine interface (HMI) solutions: Touch Image Voice Analytics Graphics Vision Video Sensors

9 FACILITATOR Education Ph. D (Doctor of Philosophy) in Computer Science and Engineering. Thesis on Genetic Algorithms for Mapping Problem in Parallel Processing, Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India, 1992 B. E. (Honors) in Electronics and Communication Engineering. Govt. College of Technology (University of Madras), Tamilnadu, India, 1984 Teaching and Corporate Training Experience Corporate Training (21 Years) Lecturer, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, Professor and Head of the Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, Vellore Engineering College, Vellore (5 Years) Total Professional Experience 21 years in Corporate training as an independent consultant 9 years and 6 months in Research & Development 5 years in Teaching as Professor and Head of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering.

10 Our clients say In-depth Linux kernel internal is the best thing of the training Stories or real life examples, practical stuff we can use at work Presenter presented concepts very well Prof. Chockalingam great instructor and explained very very detail in the subject The presenter s story telling skill Trainer is experienced Trainer is very experienced in the subject. Able to help us to understand some important concepts in Linux The instructor method to ensure all the participants understand and follow Group discussion and practical exercise are really good Trainer is very experienced in the subject. Able to help us to understand some important concepts in Linux.

11 Timmins Training Consulting Contact Us Sdn. Bhd. shan.t@consult-timmins.com Telephone: Mobile : Suite A27-07, Mercu Summer Suites, 8 Jalan Cendana, Kuala Lumpur PT Timmins Konsultan Utama nadiah.s@consult-timmins.com Telephone: Mobile : IDX Building, Tower 2, 17th Floor, jalan Jend. Sudirman Kav Jakarta 12190, Indonesia. Website: consult-timmins.com