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1 Next Generation Internet Program Bert Hui Hilarie Orman Mari Maeda Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 1
2 GOVERNMENT-WIDE NGI GOALS NSF NIH DARPA NASA NIST Goal 1 Goal 2.1 Goal 2.2 Goal 3 Advanced Network Technologies High Performance Connectivity Ultra-High Performance Tech. Next Generation Internet Revolutionary Applications Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 2
3 NGI: A NEW STAKE IN THE GROUND Capacity Coverage Cost Performance NGI Commercial Technology Accelerating ahead with a new generation of network technology Year Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 3
4 DARPA S ROLE IN NGI SuperNet: Ultra-high Performance Technology n Develop technologies for efficient multiplexing / demultiplexing between wide area trunking and end user s Gb/s traffic n Demonstrate lead user and typical user bandwidth sharing Network Engineering n Turn today s ad hoc network management approach into an engineering discipline that meets rapidly changing requirements Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 4
5 THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS HIERARCHY Global Middleware Services Internet Application Assurance/ Response PROTEUS DII-P IDREN DSI Others Network Engineering/ Management Unified Switching Fabric (e.g. ATM network) GTE MCI Sprint AT&T ATM SONET SONET SONET ATM Ring ATM Ring R SuperNet X-C X-C X-C X-C X-C X-C Long Distance Local Exchange Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 5
6 SUPERNET: WHY MORE BANDWIDTH? 100 miles DOD Information Superiority Requires Terabit Battlefield Surveillance 100 miles (1 ft x 10 bits) 2.8 Terabit Multi-Spectral Sensors - Radar/SAR - Infrared - µ-wave - Visible Time to send 17 hours at 45 Mbps 18 minutes at 2.5 Gbps 2.8 seconds at SuperNet rate (Tbps) Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 6
7 SUPERNET: TERABIT SURGE CAPACITY FOR CRISIS MANAGEMENT Sensor Systems Satellite Resolution 10 3 x 10 3 pixels Bandwidth / channel 8 bit/color, 30 frames ==> 240 Mb/s UAV/video x pixels 8 bit/color, 30 frames ==> 2 Gb/s radar 1 Ghz bandwidth Nyquist, dynamic range ==> 20 Gb/s Cellular 100 Mhz bandwidth 2 Gb/s Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 7
8 WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Fiber Transmission Loss (db/km) Wavelength (µm) Optical Amplifier WDM Demultiplexer WDM Multiplexer 120 km 600 km Savings in equipment and new fiber build costs Deployment in long haul networks for capacity enhancements Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 8
9 200 Gb/s CAPACITY LASER ARRAY TRANSMITTER Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 9
10 SUPERNET TECHNOLOGIES NGI SuperNet à 0 ' : U H [ OH OWLS X 0 0 ' : U H [ OH OWLS X P H ' Point to point WDM confined to WAN trunks Static or manual configuration Low speed end-to-end connectivity Wide Area Broadband Networking Broadband Local Trunking Tb/s Multiplexing and Switching Streamlining of Network Layers Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 10
11 SUPERNET SIMPLIFYING THE NETWORK HIERARCHY Today s Telecom Infrastructure NGI SuperNet APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS TCP/IP TCP/IP ATM WDM SONET static WDM Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 11
12 IP OVER WDM node1 node2 node3 time Optical Burst Switch BSC BSC BSC BSC Optical Tag Switching DATA HEADER Wavelength Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 12
13 SUPERNET TECHNOLOGY MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical system) Switch Large (32x32) Optical Cross-Connect (OXC) on a single chip of Silicon (< 1 in 2 ) Independent of wavelength, bit rate, protocol, polarization, modulation format, bi-directional, single or multi-mode, with no optical-to-electrical conversion > 1000x better performance in speed*power*size Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 13
14 NETWORK ENGINEERING Rock-Solid Networking Technology for DoD Communication NGI will respond to rapidly changing DoD communication scenarios... Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 14
15 TACTICAL INTERNET CHALLENGES: NETWORK CONFIGURATION Networks take time and labor to plan, pack, ship, install, configure Only pre-planned configurations are possible Over-provisioning increases transport time and reduces readiness Function Current Desired Network initialization and Topology configuration > 30 minutes < 1 minute Target network size, nodes Spectrum planning and radio time-slot management Dynamic resource allocation for applications such as fire control and maneuver control 100 s Days Not supported 100,000 Real-time Real-time Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 15
16 NETWORK ENGINEERING Today: evolution Automation alarms trends symptoms Tools for Humans Next Generation Adaptive Control Self- Management Modeling & Simulations Network Visualization fast machine man long range Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 16
17 TOWARDS SELF-MANAGEMENT Mgmt System Cisco Routers uncorrelated data Ciena WDM Nodes Auto-Discovery Auto-Configuration Fault Correlation and Alarm Suppression Network Restoration Traffic Management and Adaptation Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 17
18 REPRESENTATIVE EFFORT: NETWORK ENGINEERING NETWORK TOMOGRAPHY Tailored probe data sent into network Complex Network Cloud (> 100K nodes) Responses are collected and correlated Analysis reveals internal network structure Probable Line Errors Buffer Capacity Hidden Delays Intermittent and Periodic Delays Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 18
19 REAL-TIME SIMULATION OF COMPLEX NETWORKS Predicative and Validative Correlation Simulation capability: detailed traffic traffic network hardware network software Real-Time Data counts, headers, channels, sizes The The Real Real Network: detailed traffic traffic monitoring hardware reports reports configuration reports reports From: off-line yesterday s traffic situation guides today s provisioning problems fixed after occurrence To: real-time active probing live parameter tuning large-scale changes can be checked prior to use faster than real-time adaptive models discover anomalies repair validation prior to fielding Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 19
20 SUPERNET TESTBED 4 up to 10 Gb/s 2.5 to 10 Gb/s connectivity dark fibers Types of Offers carriers utility companies Internet service providers Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 20
21 ATDNet / MONET TESTBED to Boston to west coast Washington D.C. Limits of Optical Transparency All-Optical Just-in-Time Switching Optical Self-Healing Rings Network Management & Control ISI-E BA NSA Multi-Vendor Interoperability DISA Tellium Ring Lucent Ring NASA NIMA DIA NRL WDM Switch: 8 Gb/s per λ, to be installed in 2/99 Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 21
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