CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks. INTRODUCTION Lina Battestilli

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1 CSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks INTRODUCTION Lina Battestilli

2 Outline Welcome Course Information Course Topics Brief History of Networking NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 2

3 Teaching Staff Instructor: Dr. Lina Battestilli Teaching Assistant Professor lbattestilli AT ncsu.edu TA: Angelyn Arputha Babu John PhD Student since Fall ababujo AT ncsu.edu Graduate of NCSU, PhD in 2005 Expertise in Networking and Cloud Computing Worked at IBM Research in the Next Generation Computing Group Research Interests : Computer Networks, Network Security, Mobile & Wireless Communications Work Experience: Qualcom as a developer NCSU CSC401 3 Lina Battestilli

4 Who are you? Fall 2017 Computer Science Majors NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 4

5 15 secs of Fame Name Where are you from? Hobbies, Sports? Favorite Food? Why are you taking this course? NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 5

6 Outline Welcome Course Information Course Topics Brief History of Networking NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 6

7 Course Information Prerequisites: Operating Systems programming skills Textbook Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Featuring the Internet, J. Kurose & K. Ross, Pearson, 7th ed., 2017 Website Everything can be accessed from there: Lecture slides, Homework Assignments, Grades, etc. NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 7

8 Piazza Forum NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 8

9 Schedule NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 9

10 Graded Materials NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 11

11 Start on Aug 24, 2017 Learning Questions Questions asked throughout the lecture On the material presented previously or on the same day open book, so take notes during lecture! used for attendance 25% Correctness, %75 participation NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 12

12 Top Hat to answer the Learning Questions 1. TOP HAT Getting Started Guide 2. All students questions to: This includes anything from registration and how to use, to checking final grades. App Web Browser NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 13

13 Labs & Projects A free network protocol analyzer sockets Socket Programming Access via VCL application and network performance management Research Project These will take time to complete so don t wait for the last minute! NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 14

14 Exams & Homework Two exams: Midterm & Final Cover all materials readings, lectures, lab exercises, etc. Dates are on the schedule in Moodle, mark your calendars! Homework: Written Problems to be submitted via pdfs on Moodle NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 15

15 Academic Integrity Review NCSU s Code of Student Conduct Cheating is unacceptable and will not be tolerated. Students caught cheating will face disciplinary action Failing grade in the course Referred to the Office of Student Conduct This stays with you throughout undergraduate, graduate studies and sometimes even employers ask for that information! NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 16

16 Syllabus Let s look at the Syllabus on the website NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 17

17 Outline Welcome Course Information Course Topics Brief History of Networking NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 18

18 What is this course about? Introductory (first) course in computer networking learn principles of computer networking learn practice of computer networking Internet architecture/protocols as case study Goals: learn a lot (not just factoids, but principles and practice) have fun (well, it should be interesting, at least) NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 19

19 Course overview: Introduction (text: Chapter 1) what is the Internet, what is a protocol? network edge, network core, network access physical media delay, loss, throughput in packet-switched networks protocol layers, service models Internet backbones, ISPs, IXPs brief history of networking, Internet NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 20

20 A top-down approach: We will cover networking top-down mobile network end-system applications, endend transport network core: routing, hooking nets together link-level protocols, e.g., Ethernet other stuff: security, mobility, management, SDN home network institutional network global ISP regional ISP NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 21

21 Course overview: Application layer (text: Ch. 2) principles of application-layer protocols World Wide Web: HTTP electronic mail in the Internet DNS - the Internet's directory service Peer-to-Peer Apps Video Streaming & CDN Socket programming NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 22

22 Course overview: Transport layer (text Ch. 3) transport-layer services and principles multiplexing and demultiplexing applications connectionless transport: UDP principles of reliable of data transfer TCP case study principles of congestion control TCP congestion control NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 23

23 Course overview: Network layer (text: Ch. 4) introduction and network service model What s inside a router? routing principles (algorithms) hierarchical routing IP: the Internet Protocol Internet routing: RIP, OSPF, BGP NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 24

24 Course overview: Link layer, LANs (text: Ch. 5) introduction, services error detection, correction multiple access protocols, LANs LAN addresses, ARP Ethernet network as a link layer: MPLS a day in the life of a web request (synthesis) NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 25

25 Course overview: Wireless and mobile networks (Ch 6) wireless link characteristics the wireless link: WiFi cellular Internet access mobility principles mobility in practice: mobile IP mobility in cellular networks NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 26

26 Course overview: Network security (text: Ch. 7) what is network security? principles of cryptography authentication: Who are you? integrity key distribution, certification Firewalls attacks, countermeasures case studies: secure , SSL, IPsec, NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 27

27 Outline Welcome Course Information Course Topics Brief History of Networking NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli 28

28 Martin Bodman Fire Beacons Carrier Pigeons Human Messengers Horse Relays Flags Heliographs: sun s rays & reflector Telescopes Lokilech Semaphore telegraphs Claude Chappe (France) Edelcrantz (Sweden) Electrical Telegraph Telephone Internet 1,000 BC for military offense and defensive purposes AD 1809 AD 1876AD Today uses electrical signals, usually conveyed via dedicated telecommunicatio n lines or radio

29 Chappe s Telegraph In 1793, the French government built 15 stations to cover 190km, or 13km per station. By 1804, a 370km network stretched from Paris to Dijon. 15km/9miles 1. Codes: Start of TX, End, WAIT, ERROR, FAILURE, ACK, FOG, 2. Flow Control: To stop sender overwhelming the receiver. 3. Synchronization: To indicate that one symbol ended. 4. Error correction and retransmission: when symbols were misunderstood. 5. Encryption: So a message could not be intercepted. 800km/500miles Source: Jeunamateur

30 Four steps of invention until 1700s (2,000 BC) Systems to signal a small set of pre-defined messages, e.g. beacons. (1600s) Systems to transmit arbitrary messages, e.g. by encoding the alphabet. (1700s) Numeric codes for common words and phrases. Compression. (1700s) Codes for control signals. Protocols.

31 Protocol Signals by 1800 By 1800 there were a number of different optical telegraph systems deployed across Europe, using a variety of different protocol signals, such as these. 1. Initialization 2. Error control: erase, resend, stop/wait, selective-repeat. 3. Flow control: faster/slower.

32 Telephone networks in 1900 (1876) Alexander Graham Bell made the first telephone call (New York to Chicago) Library and Archives Canada Library of Congress Within 10 years over 150,000 people owned telephones 1915 the first transcontinental phone call was made from New York to San Francisco.

33 Internet Timeline J.C.R. Licklider (MIT) describes an Intergalactic Network connecting everyone on the globe. Became head of DARPA in 1962 Four nodes interconnected (UCLA, SRI, UCSB, Utah) RAND (Paul Baran) Packet switching for survivable networks first academic paper on large scale comm networks. MIT (Leonard Kleinrock) First paper on packet switching theory. DARPA (Larry Roberts) plans for ARPANET. Nat Phys. Lab, UK ( Donald Davies) Packet network. WAN connects two time-sharing computers Arpanet public demo first 15 nodes Thomas Merrill, Larry Roberts connected the TX-2 computer in Mass. to the Q-32 in California with a low speed dial-up telephone line a The beginnings, Early Packet-Switching

34 Internet Timeline New networks appear: ALOHAnet, Cyclades, IBM SNA. TCP/IP deployed Internetting and TCP born (DARPA), led by Vint Cerf (Stanford) and Bob Kahn. 200 hosts on ARPAnet Cisco and IETF started NSFNET (56kb/s) 100,000 hosts on Internet Internetworking, new & proprietary nets New protocols, proliferation of networks 1990

35 Internet Timeline more killer apps: instant messaging, P2P file sharing network security to forefront est. 50 million host, 100 million+ users backbone links running at Gbps ubiquity of high-speed wireless access online social networks service providers (Google, Microsoft) create their own networks e-commerce, universities, enterprises running their services in cloud (e.g., Amazon EC2) Tim Berners- Lee at CERN HTML, HTTP Mosaic, Netscape ~5B devices attached to Internet commercialization, the Web, new apps

36 Write Responses on Paper 1) Name 2) Major 3) Why are you taking this course? 4) What do you expect to gain out of this course? 5) What are your concerns about this course? CSC113: Introduction to Computing MATLAB Lina Battestilli 37

37 Early Days of the Internet 1. The Early History of Data Networks G. J. Holzmann, B. Pehrson, IEEE Press The Design Philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols. D. Clark, ACM Sigcomm Brief History of the Internet B. M. Leiner, V. Cerf, D. D. Clark et al. 51/history-internet/brief-history-internet

38 References Information and slides based on 1. Slides for the 7 th edition of the book Kurose & Ross, Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach, 2. Slides by Jim Kurose for his CSC453 course at Umass 3. Slides from Nick McKeown, CS144 at Stanford University NCSU CSC401 Lina Battestilli

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