Multimedia Networking
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1 Multimedia Networking Victor Gau Information Processing Lab. 2008/03/07
2 Outline Introduction Network Basics Quality of Service Applications VoIP IPTV Telematics
3 Multimedia Multimedia (Lat. Multum + Medium) is media that utilizes a combination of different content forms. Text Audio Still Image Animation Video Interactivity Source:
4 A Digital Communication System Source Encoder Channel Encoder Modulator Communication Channel Source Decoder Channel Decoder Demodulator Digital Analog/RF
5 Audio Coding Standards MPEG-1 three Audio Layers MP3 is actually MPEG-1 Layer 3. Dolby AC3 Audio Coding (5.1 channels, DVD) MPEG-2 Audio (Backward Compatible BC, and Advanced Audio Coding AAC ) MPEG-4 Audio (AAC) & High Efficiency AAC Microsoft Windows Media 9 Audio (WMA9) multi-channel music distribution and movie sound tracks at broadband rates (e.g., encode 5.1 channels at 128 Kbps)
6 Video Coding Evolution 2002: WMV 9, 15-50% better than WMV 8 (e.g., video smoothing) 2004: VC1, HD version of WMV 9 (adopted in blue-ray HD-DVD)
7 Outline Introduction Network Basics Quality of Service Applications VoIP IPTV Telematics
8 OSI v.s. TCP/IP
9 Sender Application Transport Internet IP Header TCP Header User data Application byte stream TCP segment IP datagram Network Access Physical Netwrok Header Network-level packet
10 Receiver IP Header TCP Header User data Application byte stream TCP segment IP datagram Application Transport Internet Netwrok Header Network-level packet Network Access Physical
11 Layer 1 Device Application Application Presentation Session Transport Network Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Link / Hub / Repeater Physical Data Link Physical
12 Layer 2 Device Application Application Presentation Session Transport Network Ethernet Switch / Bridge Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Data Link Data Link Physical Physical Physical
13 Layer 3 Device Application Application Presentation Session Transport Network Router Network Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Data Link Data Link Physical Physical Physical
14 Router Architecture Overview Two key router functions: run routing algorithms/protocol (RIP, OSPF, BGP) forwarding datagrams from incoming to outgoing link
15 Layer 4 Device Application Application Presentation Session Transport Network Gateway Transport Network Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Data Link Data Link Physical Physical Physical
16 The network edge: end systems (hosts): run application programs e.g. Web, at edge of network client/server model client host requests, receives service from always-on server e.g. Web browser/server; client/server peer-peer model: minimal (or no) use of dedicated servers e.g. Gnutella, KaZaA
17 The Network Core mesh of interconnected routers the fundamental question: how is data transferred through net? circuit switching: dedicated circuit per call: telephone net packet-switching: data sent thru net in discrete chunks
18 Elements of a wireless network network infrastructure infrastructure mode base station connects mobiles into wired network handoff: mobile changes base station providing connection into wired network
19 Elements of a wireless network Ad hoc mode no base stations nodes can only transmit to other nodes within link coverage nodes organize themselves into a network: route among themselves
20 Wireless Technologies
21 Multipath Propagation Reflection (R), Scattering (S), Diffraction (D).
22 Inter Symbol Interference (ISI)
23 Outline Introduction Network Basics Quality of Service Applications VoIP IPTV Telematics
24 Internet Media Streaming Streaming client Media Server DSL Internet Best-effort packet network low bit-rate variable throughput variable loss variable delay 56K modem wireless Challenges compression rate rate scalability error error resiliency low low latency
25 Delay and Jitter Sender Receiver I P P P P P P P P P I P P P P P I P P P P P P P P P I Latency
26 Quality of Service (QoS) for Multimedia Networking ITU-T one-way VoIP delay recommendations < 150 ms: good quality > 250 ms: intolerable Delay Jitter: (R 2 -R 1 ) (T 2 -T 1 ) < 40 ms: best quality > 75 ms: unacceptable 1~2% audio packet loss for good quality (G.729, G.723.1, good MOS score) 3~5% video packet loss is acceptable (intra or intercoded frame)
27 Network Layer Unicast & Multicast Streaming Media Server Client Unicast Media Server Client Multicast
28 Application Layer Multicast Streaming: CDN and P2P Media Server Client Media Server Client CDN CDN Overlay P2P
29 Outline Introduction Network Basics Quality of Service Applications VoIP IPTV Telematics
30 VoIP e.g. Skype
31 IPTV e.g. JOOST
32 Military Communications Source:
33 Telematics (Telecommunication + Informatics)
34 Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)
35 PReVENT - WILLWARN
36 PReVENT - WILLWARN
37
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