von Neumann Architecture CS 470 Operating Systems John Meister Instructor Research Paper Presentation Barry Livingston

Transcription

1 von Neumann Architecture CS 470 Operating Systems John Meister Instructor Research Paper Presentation Barry Livingston

2 Agenda Abstract John von Neumann Family History Education The Model CPU Arithmetic Logical Unit Control Unit Primary Control Unit Device Controller Bus Summary

3 Abstract If you were to ask ten thousand people to name the most influential thinker of the twentieth century, it is probable that not one of the responses would have pointed to John von Neumann. However,despite this obscurity, his thoughts have had an incalculable impact on human destiny. Our fate to this day still depends upon how we use the technologies his extraordinary mind made possible.

4 John von Neumann Family History Born in Budapest, Hungary in 1903 Extended Family Environment Father a wealthy banker in Budapest German & French Governess Non Practicing Jewish family Often mixed Christian & Jewish traditions Family Entertainment Phone Book Division Jokes in Classic Geek with his father Universal History (44 Volumes at 10 years)

5 John von Neumann Education Lutheran Gymnasium University of Budapest 1921 University of Berlin Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Chemical Engineering University of Budapest 1926 Doctorate Mathematics

6 U.S. Societal Contributions Formalized Quantum mechanics 1927 Numerous Mathematics papers with theories in effect yet today U.S citizenship with lectureship at Princeton 1929 Original professorship at (IAS) Princeton 1933 Mathematics of hydrodynamic turbulence and large calculation management 1940 Game Theories Von Neumann computer architecture 1945 Manhattan Project Cellular automata 1948 Von Neumann machines 1950

7 ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer 1944 chance meeting with Goldstine Best known as first fully electronic computer $500,000 AND 200,000 Man-hours 18,000 vacuum tubes 1,500 relays 20 x 40 foot room low reliability, 174KW of power, air conditioning Development - John Mauchly, Presper Eckert & Herman Goldstine

8 von Neumann Architecture John von Neumann (Princeton) Learned of the Eniac Project Developed stored program concept A memory containing both data and Instructions A calculating unit capable of performing both arithmetic and logical operations on the data A control unit which could interpret an instruction retrieved from the memory and select alternative courses of action based on the results of the previous operations. The basis on which 95% of all modern computer architecture is based.

9 The Model Central Processing Unit (CPU) Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) Control Unit Address Bus Data Bus Primary Memory Unit (Executable Memory) Device Controller and I/O Devices

10 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) Control Unit CPU Components ALU In effect, a fast calculator Function Unit performs the arithmetic (I.E +-/x) and any logical instruction (I.E. ANS, OR, NOT) Control Unit Reads Program Instructions Decodes the Instructions for the ALU Determines the sequence of Instructions(s) to be retrieved and executed

11 The Arithmetical-Logical Unit Right Operand General Registers hold the operands and the results R1 R2 RN To/From Primary Memory Left Operand Results Function Unit Status Registers Status Registers reflect the result of computations for later storage to the primary Memory

12 The Control Unit Operation Fetch Decode Unit Execte PC IR 3054 Load b b Control Unit Primary Memory

13 Primary memory and I/O Primary (executable) Memory The primary means used to store both programs and data while they are being operated on by the CPU. Device Controller The device that connects the bus to the actual device Provides the component necessary that allows the CPU to manipulate that causes the device to operate I/O device Devices that provide the ability to interact with the CPU with either Instruction or solutions

14 Summary John von Neumann was one of the most influential thinkers of all time, as evidenced by his broad based contributions to science. His impact to computing has helped build the foundation of computing today and his theories continue to impact society as technology catches up to thinking that was way ahead of its time.