The von Neumann Architecture. IT 3123 Hardware and Software Concepts. The Instruction Cycle. Registers. LMC Executes a Store.
|
|
- Dwight McKinney
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 IT 3123 Hardware and Software Concepts February 11 and Memory II Copyright 2005 by Bob Brown The von Neumann Architecture PC IR Control Unit Command Memory ALU Notice: This session is being recorded. The Instruction Cycle The von Neumann Instruction Cycle Fetch: Get an instruction from the memory location pointed by the program counter and advance the program counter Decode: Determine what operation code is present, and what data to use Execute: Perform the commanded operation Registers : receives results of arithmetic operations (calculator display) (If there s more than one, they re called general registers.) Program counter: address of the next instruction Instruction register: instruction currently being executed Registers Memory address register (): address to read from or write to in memory Memory data register (): holds data To be written to memory. That is read from memory. LMC Executes a Store 1
2 The LMC Executes a Store 01 Command Fetch the Instruction The PC (01) is copied to the by the control unit. The control unit commands the memory to read; it knows what to read from the ; it reads from location 01 Wait for memory to complete. (CU commands PC to increment while waiting.) Memory delivers contents of 01 (399) to The Fetch Phase 01+1 Read Decode Instruction The contents of the (399) are copied to the Instruction Register The 399 is split up in the IR into an operation code (3) and an address (99) The Decode Phase The control unit is hard-wired to recognize 3 as the store operation. The control unit copies the contents of the accumulator to the The control unit copies the address portion of the IR to the The control unit commands the memory to write, and waits for the write operation to complete. 2
3 99 Write The memory unit uses the address in the (99) and the data in the () to update memory The Cycle Continues: Fetch The program counter now contains 02 (because it was updated while we were waiting for memory in the previous fetch) The control unit copies the contents of the program counter to the. The control unit commands the memory to read, fetching the next instruction. The CU commands the PC to increment while waiting for memory to complete its cycle. The Cycle Continues 02 Read 99 Instructions Direction given to a computer Causes electrical signals to be sent through specific circuits for processing Instruction Set: The collection of instructions a given computer can perform. (LMC has ten instructions; the list of them is its instruction set.) 3
4 Instruction Set Design defines functions performed by the processor Differentiates computer architecture by the Number of instructions Complexity of operations performed by individual instructions Data types supported Format (layout, fixed vs. variable length) Use of registers Addressing (size, modes) Elements of an Instruction Operation Code (op-code): Commands the control unit and the ALU what to do Operands: tell the location of the data to be used in the instruction. Source operand: where to get the data Result operand: where to put the result (Also called the destination operand.) The operands are (usually) addresses. Operand Addresses Addresses may be explicit or implicit Explicit: encoded in the instruction. (The LMC memory address is explicit.) Implicit: implied by the nature of the operand. (The LMC uses the calculator display implicitly.) Addresses may refer to memory or to registers. General Form of an Instruction OP-CODE Source Operand 4 bits 20 bits Result Operand Instruction Format Specific to a particular family of computers (architecture) Specifies the length of the op-code And the size and number of operand fields A single computer may have several different instruction formats. Complex Instruction-Set Computers Many different kinds of instructions Many different instruction formats Several different instruction lengths A few different operation code lengths Often things done in high-level languages can be performed in one instruction. Emphasis is on flexibility 4
5 CISC Instruction Formats Reduced Instruction-Set Computers A few kinds of instructions A small number of formats All instructions are the same length All operation codes are the same length High-level language statements generally require several instructions Emphasis is on speed RISC Instruction Formats Categories of Instructions Data transfer instructions Arithmetic instructions Logical operations Program control Stack manipulation and machine control Multiple-data instructions Data Transfer Instructions Move data between registers in Transfer data from memory to a register (load) Transfer data from a register to memory (store) Size of a single transfer: generally the size of a data register; a word Words are 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128 bits 32-bit words are currently most common Arithmetic Instructions The usual suspects: + / * Separate instructions for integer and floating point operands. Shift and rotate instructions One bit shift left multiplies by two One bit shift right divides by two Rotate: Bits shifted out one end are used for replacement bits at the other end. Increment, complement, etc. 5
6 Shift and Rotate Instructions Logical Operations Logical AND and or of two operands Sometimes others: XOR, NOR, NOT Relational operations: > < = Testing for zero, positive, negative Program Control Branch instructions; conditional and unconditional Call instructions (save program counter someplace) Stack Manipulation Special instructions for dealing with LIFO data structures. (A stack is a good place to store program counters for subroutine linkage!) Push Pop and Machine Control Transfers from registers to devices Direct memory access (DMA) The device communicates with memory independent of the Machine state switching (protected instructions) Interrupt control State saving Halt Multiple-Data Instructions Perform the same operation on multiple data items simultaneously (Example: Intel MMX) Commonly used in vector and array processing SIMD: Single-instruction, multiple data 6
7 Multiple Data Instructions Questions 7
Latches. IT 3123 Hardware and Software Concepts. Registers. The Little Man has Registers. Data Registers. Program Counter
IT 3123 Hardware and Software Concepts Notice: This session is being recorded. CPU and Memory June 11 Copyright 2005 by Bob Brown Latches Can store one bit of data Can be ganged together to store more
More informationCOS 140: Foundations of Computer Science
COS 140: Foundations of Computer Science CPU Organization and Assembly Language Fall 2018 CPU 3 Components of the CPU..................................................... 4 Registers................................................................
More informationTypical Processor Execution Cycle
Typical Processor Execution Cycle Instruction Fetch Obtain instruction from program storage Instruction Decode Determine required actions and instruction size Operand Fetch Locate and obtain operand data
More informationThe CPU and Memory. How does a computer work? How does a computer interact with data? How are instructions performed? Recall schematic diagram:
The CPU and Memory How does a computer work? How does a computer interact with data? How are instructions performed? Recall schematic diagram: 1 Registers A register is a permanent storage location within
More informationData Manipulation. Chih-Wei Tang ( 唐之瑋 ) Department of Communication Engineering National Central University JhongLi, Taiwan
Data Manipulation Chih-Wei Tang ( 唐之瑋 ) Department of Communication Engineering National Central University JhongLi, Taiwan Outline Computer Architecture Machine Language Program Execution Arithmetic/Logic
More informationUNIT-II. Part-2: CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
Page1 UNIT-II Part-2: CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT Stack Organization Instruction Formats Addressing Modes Data Transfer And Manipulation Program Control Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) Introduction:
More informationComputer Organization CS 206 T Lec# 2: Instruction Sets
Computer Organization CS 206 T Lec# 2: Instruction Sets Topics What is an instruction set Elements of instruction Instruction Format Instruction types Types of operations Types of operand Addressing mode
More informationTopics Power tends to corrupt; absolute power corrupts absolutely. Computer Organization CS Data Representation
Computer Organization CS 231-01 Data Representation Dr. William H. Robinson November 12, 2004 Topics Power tends to corrupt; absolute power corrupts absolutely. Lord Acton British historian, late 19 th
More informationChapter 2: Data Manipulation
Chapter 2: Data Manipulation Computer Science: An Overview Eleventh Edition by J. Glenn Brookshear Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2: Data Manipulation 2.1 Computer Architecture 2.2 Machine
More informationChapter 2 Data Manipulation
Chapter 2 Data Manipulation Dr. Farzana Rahman Assistant Professor Department of Computer Science James Madison University 1 What the chapter is about? 2.1 Computer Architecture 2.2 Machine Language 2.3
More informationChapter 2: Data Manipulation
Chapter 2: Data Manipulation Computer Science: An Overview Eleventh Edition by J. Glenn Brookshear Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2: Data Manipulation 2.1 Computer Architecture 2.2 Machine
More informationISA and RISCV. CASS 2018 Lavanya Ramapantulu
ISA and RISCV CASS 2018 Lavanya Ramapantulu Program Program =?? Algorithm + Data Structures Niklaus Wirth Program (Abstraction) of processor/hardware that executes 3-Jul-18 CASS18 - ISA and RISCV 2 Program
More informationTHE MICROPROCESSOR Von Neumann s Architecture Model
THE ICROPROCESSOR Von Neumann s Architecture odel Input/Output unit Provides instructions and data emory unit Stores both instructions and data Arithmetic and logic unit Processes everything Control unit
More informationCOMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE
COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE Instructions Sets Architecture Lesson 5a 1 What are Instruction Sets The complete collection of instructions that are understood by a CPU Can be considered as a functional
More informationASSEMBLY LANGUAGE MACHINE ORGANIZATION
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE MACHINE ORGANIZATION CHAPTER 3 1 Sub-topics The topic will cover: Microprocessor architecture CPU processing methods Pipelining Superscalar RISC Multiprocessing Instruction Cycle Instruction
More informationAdvanced Parallel Architecture Lesson 3. Annalisa Massini /2015
Advanced Parallel Architecture Lesson 3 Annalisa Massini - 2014/2015 Von Neumann Architecture 2 Summary of the traditional computer architecture: Von Neumann architecture http://williamstallings.com/coa/coa7e.html
More informationCHAPTER 8: Central Processing Unit (CPU)
CS 224: Computer Organization S.KHABET CHAPTER 8: Central Processing Unit (CPU) Outline Introduction General Register Organization Stack Organization Instruction Formats Addressing Modes 1 Major Components
More informationCS 265. Computer Architecture. Wei Lu, Ph.D., P.Eng.
CS 265 Computer Architecture Wei Lu, Ph.D., P.Eng. Part 3: von Neumann Architecture von Neumann Architecture Our goal: understand the basics of von Neumann architecture, including memory, control unit
More informationChapter 2: Data Manipulation. Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Data Manipulation Chapter 2: Data Manipulation 2.1 Computer Architecture 2.2 Machine Language 2.3 Program Execution 2.4 Arithmetic/Logic Instructions 2.5 Communicating with Other Devices 2.6
More informationMicrocomputer Architecture and Programming
IUST-EE (Chapter 1) Microcomputer Architecture and Programming 1 Outline Basic Blocks of Microcomputer Typical Microcomputer Architecture The Single-Chip Microprocessor Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
More informationEC-801 Advanced Computer Architecture
EC-801 Advanced Computer Architecture Lecture 5 Instruction Set Architecture I Dr Hashim Ali Fall 2018 Department of Computer Science and Engineering HITEC University Taxila!1 Instruction Set Architecture
More informationINTEL Architectures GOPALAKRISHNAN IYER FALL 2009 ELEC : Computer Architecture and Design
INTEL Architectures GOPALAKRISHNAN IYER FALL 2009 GBI0001@AUBURN.EDU ELEC 6200-001: Computer Architecture and Design Silicon Technology Moore s law Moore's Law describes a long-term trend in the history
More informationCSCI 402: Computer Architectures. Instructions: Language of the Computer (1) Fengguang Song Department of Computer & Information Science IUPUI
Starting Chapter 2: CSCI 402: Computer Architectures Instructions: Language of the Computer (1) Fengguang Song Department of Computer & Information Science IUPUI Contents 2.1 and 2.3 What is instruction?
More informationComputer Organization and Technology Processor and System Structures
Computer Organization and Technology Processor and System Structures Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wattanapong Kurdthongmee Division of Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Resources, Walailak University
More informationTYPES OF INTERRUPTS: -
There are 3 types of interrupts. TYPES OF INTERRUPTS: - External Interrupts. Internal Interrupts. Software interrupts. Hardware Interrupts (1) External interrupts come from I/O devices, from a timing device
More informationInstruction Set Design
Instruction Set Design software instruction set hardware CPE442 Lec 3 ISA.1 Instruction Set Architecture Programmer's View ADD SUBTRACT AND OR COMPARE... 01010 01110 10011 10001 11010... CPU Memory I/O
More informationChapter 2: Data Manipulation
Chapter 2 Data Manipulation Computer Science An Overview Tenth Edition by J. Glenn Brookshear Presentation files modified by Farn Wang Chapter 2 Data Manipulation 2.1 Computer Architecture 2.2 Machine
More informationInstruction Sets: Characteristics and Functions Addressing Modes
Instruction Sets: Characteristics and Functions Addressing Modes Chapters 10 and 11, William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 7 th Edition What is an Instruction Set? The complete collection
More informationCOURSE DESCRIPTION. CS 232 Course Title Computer Organization. Course Coordinators
COURSE DESCRIPTION Dept., Number Semester hours CS 232 Course Title Computer Organization 4 Course Coordinators Badii, Joseph, Nemes 2004-2006 Catalog Description Comparative study of the organization
More informationIntroduction to Computers & Programming
16.070 Introduction to Computers & Programming Computer Architecture, Machine Language, Program Execution Prof. Kristina Lundqvist Dept. of Aero/Astro, MIT Chapter Summary This chapter introduces the activities
More informationProblem Set 1 Solutions
CSE 260 Digital Computers: Organization and Logical Design Jon Turner Problem Set 1 Solutions 1. Give a brief definition of each of the following parts of a computer system: CPU, main memory, floating
More informationInstruction Set Architecture. "Speaking with the computer"
Instruction Set Architecture "Speaking with the computer" The Instruction Set Architecture Application Compiler Instr. Set Proc. Operating System I/O system Instruction Set Architecture Digital Design
More informationCISC Processor Design
CISC Processor Design Virendra Singh Indian Institute of Science Bangalore virendra@computer.org Lecture 3 SE-273: Processor Design Processor Architecture Processor Architecture CISC RISC Jan 21, 2008
More informationCOMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE
Page 1 1. Which register store the address of next instruction to be executed? A) PC B) AC C) SP D) NONE 2. How many bits are required to address the 128 words of memory? A) 7 B) 8 C) 9 D) NONE 3. is the
More informationProcessing Unit CS206T
Processing Unit CS206T Microprocessors The density of elements on processor chips continued to rise More and more elements were placed on each chip so that fewer and fewer chips were needed to construct
More informationGeneral Purpose Processors
Calcolatori Elettronici e Sistemi Operativi Specifications Device that executes a program General Purpose Processors Program list of instructions Instructions are stored in an external memory Stored program
More informationA First Look at Microprocessors
A First Look at Microprocessors using the The General Prototype Computer (GPC) model Part 2 Can you identify an opcode to: Decrement the contents of R1, and store the result in R5? Invert the contents
More informationComputer Architecture and Data Manipulation. Von Neumann Architecture
Computer Architecture and Data Manipulation Chapter 3 Von Neumann Architecture Today s stored-program computers have the following characteristics: Three hardware systems: A central processing unit (CPU)
More informationChapter 4 The Von Neumann Model
Chapter 4 The Von Neumann Model The Stored Program Computer 1943: ENIAC Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- first general electronic computer. (or was it John V. Atanasoff in 1939?) Hard-wired program --
More informationGrundlagen Microcontroller Processor Core. Günther Gridling Bettina Weiss
Grundlagen Microcontroller Processor Core Günther Gridling Bettina Weiss 1 Processor Core Architecture Instruction Set Lecture Overview 2 Processor Core Architecture Computes things > ALU (Arithmetic Logic
More informationChapter 3 : Control Unit
3.1 Control Memory Chapter 3 Control Unit The function of the control unit in a digital computer is to initiate sequences of microoperations. When the control signals are generated by hardware using conventional
More informationIntroduction to Computer Engineering. CS/ECE 252 Prof. Mark D. Hill Computer Sciences Department University of Wisconsin Madison
Introduction to Computer Engineering CS/ECE 252 Prof. Mark D. Hill Computer Sciences Department University of Wisconsin Madison Chapter 4 The Von Neumann Model The Stored Program Computer 1943: ENIAC Presper
More informationCS 101, Mock Computer Architecture
CS 101, Mock Computer Architecture Computer organization and architecture refers to the actual hardware used to construct the computer, and the way that the hardware operates both physically and logically
More informationRui Wang, Assistant professor Dept. of Information and Communication Tongji University.
Instructions: ti Language of the Computer Rui Wang, Assistant professor Dept. of Information and Communication Tongji University it Email: ruiwang@tongji.edu.cn Computer Hierarchy Levels Language understood
More informationCHAPTER 5 : Introduction to Intel 8085 Microprocessor Hardware BENG 2223 MICROPROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 5 : Introduction to Intel 8085 Hardware BENG 2223 MICROPROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY The 8085A(commonly known as the 8085) : Was first introduced in March 1976 is an 8-bit microprocessor with 16-bit address
More informationECE232: Hardware Organization and Design
ECE232: Hardware Organization and Design Lecture 4: Logic Operations and Introduction to Conditionals Adapted from Computer Organization and Design, Patterson & Hennessy, UCB Overview Previously examined
More informationProblem with Scanning an Infix Expression
Operator Notation Consider the infix expression (X Y) + (W U), with parentheses added to make the evaluation order perfectly obvious. This is an arithmetic expression written in standard form, called infix
More informationChapter 4 The Von Neumann Model
Chapter 4 The Von Neumann Model The Stored Program Computer 1943: ENIAC Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- first general electronic computer. (or was it John V. Atananasoff in 1939?) Hard-wired program
More informationLC-3 Architecture. (Ch4 ish material)
LC-3 Architecture (Ch4 ish material) 1 CISC vs. RISC CISC : Complex Instruction Set Computer Lots of instructions of variable size, very memory optimal, typically less registers. RISC : Reduced Instruction
More informationReal instruction set architectures. Part 2: a representative sample
Real instruction set architectures Part 2: a representative sample Some historical architectures VAX: Digital s line of midsize computers, dominant in academia in the 70s and 80s Characteristics: Variable-length
More informationBlog -
. Instruction Codes Every different processor type has its own design (different registers, buses, microoperations, machine instructions, etc) Modern processor is a very complex device It contains Many
More informationMicroprocessors and Microcontrollers. Assignment 1:
Microprocessors and Microcontrollers Assignment 1: 1. List out the mass storage devices and their characteristics. 2. List the current workstations available in the market for graphics and business applications.
More informationComputer Organization
INF 101 Fundamental Information Technology Computer Organization Assistant Prof. Dr. Turgay ĐBRĐKÇĐ Course slides are adapted from slides provided by Addison-Wesley Computing Fundamentals of Information
More informationDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering CS6303-COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE UNIT-I OVERVIEW AND INSTRUCTIONS PART A
Department of Computer Science and Engineering CS6303-COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE UNIT-I OVERVIEW AND INSTRUCTIONS PART A 1.Define Computer Architecture Computer Architecture Is Defined As The Functional Operation
More informationRegister-Level Design
Register-Level Design A digital system can be treated at different level of abstraction or compleity. So far, we have seen it at the gate level and the transistor level. At a higher level than the gate
More informationChapter 4 The Von Neumann Model
Chapter 4 The Von Neumann Model The Stored Program Computer 1943: ENIAC Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- first general electronic computer. (or was it John V. Atanasoff in 1939?) Hard-wired program --
More informationCN310 Microprocessor Systems Design
CN310 Microprocessor Systems Design Micro Architecture Nawin Somyat Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Thammasat University 28 August 2018 Outline Course Contents 1 Introduction 2 Simple
More informationIntroduction to Computer Science. Homework 1
Introduction to Computer Science Homework. In each circuit below, the rectangles represent the same type of gate. Based on the input and output information given, identify whether the gate involved is
More informationCHAPTER 5 A Closer Look at Instruction Set Architectures
CHAPTER 5 A Closer Look at Instruction Set Architectures 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Instruction Formats 5.2.1 Design Decisions for Instruction Sets 5.2.2 Little versus Big Endian 5.2.3 Internal Storage in the
More informationClass Notes. Dr.C.N.Zhang. Department of Computer Science. University of Regina. Regina, SK, Canada, S4S 0A2
Class Notes CS400 Part VI Dr.C.N.Zhang Department of Computer Science University of Regina Regina, SK, Canada, S4S 0A2 C. N. Zhang, CS400 83 VI. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT 1 Set 1.1 Addressing Modes and Formats
More informationComputer Architecture Review CS 595
Computer Architecture Review CS 595 1 The von Neumann Model Von Neumann (1946) proposed that a fundamental model of a computer should include 5 primary components: Memory Processing Unit Input Device(s)
More informationCHETTINAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY COMPUTER ARCHITECURE- III YEAR EEE-6 TH SEMESTER 16 MARKS QUESTION BANK UNIT-1
CHETTINAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY COMPUTER ARCHITECURE- III YEAR EEE-6 TH SEMESTER 16 MARKS QUESTION BANK UNIT-1 Data representation: (CHAPTER-3) 1. Discuss in brief about Data types, (8marks)
More informationSTRUCTURE OF DESKTOP COMPUTERS
Page no: 1 UNIT 1 STRUCTURE OF DESKTOP COMPUTERS The desktop computers are the computers which are usually found on a home or office desk. They consist of processing unit, storage unit, visual display
More informationIntroduction to Computer Science Lecture 2: Data Manipulation
Introduction to Computer Science Lecture 2: Data Manipulation Tian-Li Yu Taiwan Evolutionary Intelligence Laboratory (TEIL) Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University tianliyu@cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw
More informationAS/A Level Computing Syllabus 2011
AS/A Level Computing Syllabus 2011 Section 3 - System Software Mechanisms - - Machine Architecture - - Database Theory - - Programming Paradigms - Chapter 3.3 Computer Architectures & Fetch-Execute Cycle
More informationCSCI 402: Computer Architectures. Instructions: Language of the Computer (1) Fengguang Song Department of Computer & Information Science IUPUI
To study Chapter 2: CSCI 402: Computer Architectures Instructions: Language of the Computer (1) Fengguang Song Department of Computer & Information Science IUPUI Contents 2.1-2.3 Introduction to what is
More informationThe register set differs from one computer architecture to another. It is usually a combination of general-purpose and special purpose registers
Part (6) CPU BASICS A typical CPU has three major components: 1- register set, 2- arithmetic logic unit (ALU), 3- control unit (CU). The figure below shows the internal structure of the CPU. The CPU fetches
More informationLecture1: introduction. Outline: History overview Central processing unite Register set Special purpose address registers Datapath Control unit
Lecture1: introduction Outline: History overview Central processing unite Register set Special purpose address registers Datapath Control unit 1 1. History overview Computer systems have conventionally
More informationComputer Architecture
Computer Architecture Lecture 1: Digital logic circuits The digital computer is a digital system that performs various computational tasks. Digital computers use the binary number system, which has two
More informationDigital IP Cell 8-bit Microcontroller PE80
1. Description The is a Z80 compliant processor soft-macro - IP block that can be implemented in digital or mixed signal ASIC designs. The Z80 and its derivatives and clones make up one of the most commonly
More informationCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Computing Layers
Chapter 4 The Von Neumann Model Original slides from Gregory Byrd, North Carolina State University Modified slides by C. Wilcox, S. Rajopadhye, Colorado State University Computing Layers Problems Algorithms
More informationMicro-Operations. execution of a sequence of steps, i.e., cycles
Micro-Operations Instruction execution execution of a sequence of steps, i.e., cycles Fetch, Indirect, Execute & Interrupt cycles Cycle - a sequence of micro-operations Micro-operations data transfer between
More informationCHAPTER SIX BASIC COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND DESIGN
CHAPTER SIX BASIC COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND DESIGN 6.1. Instruction Codes The organization of a digital computer defined by: 1. The set of registers it contains and their function. 2. The set of instructions
More informationAdvanced Parallel Architecture Lesson 3. Annalisa Massini /2015
Advanced Parallel Architecture Lesson 3 Annalisa Massini - Von Neumann Architecture 2 Two lessons Summary of the traditional computer architecture Von Neumann architecture http://williamstallings.com/coa/coa7e.html
More informationvon Neumann Architecture Basic Computer System Early Computers Microprocessor Reading Assignment An Introduction to Computer Architecture
Reading Assignment EEL 4744C: Microprocessor Applications Lecture 1 Part 1 An Introduction to Computer Architecture Microcontrollers and Microcomputers: Chapter 1, Appendix A, Chapter 2 Software and Hardware
More informationBasic Computer System. von Neumann Architecture. Reading Assignment. An Introduction to Computer Architecture. EEL 4744C: Microprocessor Applications
Reading Assignment EEL 4744C: Microprocessor Applications Lecture 1 Part 1 An Introduction to Computer Architecture Microcontrollers and Microcomputers: Chapter 1, Appendix A, Chapter 2 Software and Hardware
More informationComputer Organization Question Bank
Id 1 Question Mass produced first working machine (50 copies) was invented by A C D Answer Wilhelm Schickhard laise Pascal Gottfried Liebniz Charles abbage Id 2 Question Father of Modern Computer A Wilhelm
More informationCOSC 6385 Computer Architecture. Instruction Set Architectures
COSC 6385 Computer Architecture Instruction Set Architectures Spring 2012 Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Definition on Wikipedia: Part of the Computer Architecture related to programming Defines set
More informationCS1004: Intro to CS in Java, Spring 2005
CS1004: Intro to CS in Java, Spring 2005 Lecture #10: Computer architecture Janak J Parekh janak@cs.columbia.edu HW#2 due Tuesday Administrivia Mass Storage RAM is volatile Not useful for permanent storage,
More informationCOMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND ORGANIZATION Register Transfer and Micro-operations 1. Introduction A digital system is an interconnection of digital
Register Transfer and Micro-operations 1. Introduction A digital system is an interconnection of digital hardware modules that accomplish a specific information-processing task. Digital systems vary in
More informationPROGRAM CONTROL UNIT (PCU)
nc. SECTION 5 PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT (PCU) MOTOROLA PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT (PCU) 5-1 nc. SECTION CONTENTS 5.1 INTRODUCTION........................................ 5-3 5.2 PROGRAM COUNTER (PC)...............................
More informationWednesday, February 4, Chapter 4
Wednesday, February 4, 2015 Topics for today Introduction to Computer Systems Static overview Operation Cycle Introduction to Pep/8 Features of the system Operational cycle Program trace Categories of
More informationCourse Description: This course includes concepts of instruction set architecture,
Computer Architecture Course Title: Computer Architecture Full Marks: 60+ 20+20 Course No: CSC208 Pass Marks: 24+8+8 Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab Credit Hrs: 3 Course Description: This course includes
More informationECE 486/586. Computer Architecture. Lecture # 8
ECE 486/586 Computer Architecture Lecture # 8 Spring 2015 Portland State University Lecture Topics Instruction Set Principles MIPS Control flow instructions Dealing with constants IA-32 Fallacies and Pitfalls
More informationUNIT 2 PROCESSORS ORGANIZATION CONT.
UNIT 2 PROCESSORS ORGANIZATION CONT. Types of Operand Addresses Numbers Integer/floating point Characters ASCII etc. Logical Data Bits or flags x86 Data Types Operands in 8 bit -Byte 16 bit- word 32 bit-
More informationFigure 2.1 CPU and main memory connected via a bus. Computer Architecture 2014/10/12. Chapter 2: Data Manipulation
Chapter 2: Data Manipulation Computer Science: An Overview Twelfth Edition by J. Glenn Brookshear Dennis Brylow Chapter 2: Data Manipulation 2.1 Computer Architecture 2.2 Machine Language 2.3 Program Execution
More informationChapter 2: Data Manipulation
Chapter 2: Data Manipulation Computer Science: An Overview Twelfth Edition by J. Glenn Brookshear Dennis Brylow Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2: Data Manipulation 2.1 Computer Architecture
More informationLecture Topics. Branch Condition Options. Branch Conditions ECE 486/586. Computer Architecture. Lecture # 8. Instruction Set Principles.
ECE 486/586 Computer Architecture Lecture # 8 Spring 2015 Portland State University Instruction Set Principles MIPS Control flow instructions Dealing with constants IA-32 Fallacies and Pitfalls Reference:
More informationComputer Architecture (part 2)
Computer Architecture (part 2) Topics: Machine Organization Machine Cycle Program Execution Machine Language Types of Memory & Access 2 Chapter 5 The Von Neumann Architecture 1 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
More informationDigital System Design Using Verilog. - Processing Unit Design
Digital System Design Using Verilog - Processing Unit Design 1.1 CPU BASICS A typical CPU has three major components: (1) Register set, (2) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and (3) Control unit (CU) The register
More informationBlog - https://anilkumarprathipati.wordpress.com/
Control Memory 1. Introduction The function of the control unit in a digital computer is to initiate sequences of microoperations. When the control signals are generated by hardware using conventional
More informationC.P.U Organization. Memory Unit. Central Processing Unit (C.P.U) Input-Output Processor (IOP) Figure (1) Digital Computer Block Diagram
C.P.U Organization 1.1 Introduction A computer system is sometimes subdivided into two functional entities "Hardware" and "Software". The H/W of the computer consists of all the electronic components and
More informationPART A (22 Marks) 2. a) Briefly write about r's complement and (r-1)'s complement. [8] b) Explain any two ways of adding decimal numbers.
Set No. 1 IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, March - 2017 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE & ORGANIZATION (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Time: 3 hours Max. Marks:
More informationCOSC 243. Computer Architecture 1. COSC 243 (Computer Architecture) Lecture 6 - Computer Architecture 1 1
COSC 243 Computer Architecture 1 COSC 243 (Computer Architecture) Lecture 6 - Computer Architecture 1 1 Overview Last Lecture Flip flops This Lecture Computers Next Lecture Instruction sets and addressing
More informationProblem with Scanning an Infix Expression
Operator Notation Consider the infix expression (X Y) + (W U), with parentheses added to make the evaluation order perfectly obvious. This is an arithmetic expression written in standard form, called infix
More informationWhat Are The Main Differences Between Program Counter Pc And Instruction Register Ir
What Are The Main Differences Between Program Counter Pc And Instruction Register Ir and register-based instructions - Anatomy on a CPU - Program Counter (PC): holds memory address of next instruction
More informationMemory General R0 Registers R1 R2. Input Register 1. Input Register 2. Program Counter. Instruction Register
CPU Organisation Central Processing Unit (CPU) Memory General R0 Registers R1 R2 ALU R3 Output Register Input Register 1 Input Register 2 Internal Bus Address Bus Data Bus Addr. $ 000 001 002 Program Counter
More informationAssembly Language Design
Assembly Language Design Instruction Set 1. Data Movement 2. Arithmetic 3. Logical 4. Conversion 5. Program Control 6. System Control Syntax & System Characteristics 1. Assembly Directives 2. Constants
More informationArchitectures & instruction sets R_B_T_C_. von Neumann architecture. Computer architecture taxonomy. Assembly language.
Architectures & instruction sets Computer architecture taxonomy. Assembly language. R_B_T_C_ 1. E E C E 2. I E U W 3. I S O O 4. E P O I von Neumann architecture Memory holds data and instructions. Central
More information5 Computer Organization
5 Computer Organization 5.1 Foundations of Computer Science ã Cengage Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, the student should be able to: q List the three subsystems of a computer. q Describe
More information