ISSN Vol.03,Issue.31 October-2014, Pages:

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1 ISSN Vol.03,Issue.31 October-2014, Pages: Intelligent Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking System S. ANAND KUMAR 1, M. KHADAR KIRAN 2, A. RAGHURAM 3 1 PG Scholar, Dept ECE, Indira Institute of Technology & Sciences, Markapur, JNTUK, suddapallianand9@gmail.com. 2 Asst Prof, Dept ECE, Indira Institute of Technology & Sciences, Markapur, JNTUK, m.khadarkiran@gmail.com. 3 Asst Prof, Dept ECE, Indira Institute of Technology & Sciences, Markapur, JNTUK, raghuram223344@gmail.com. Abstract: The automatic Vehicular Monitoring and Tracking device is comprised of a controller, acceleration sensor or MEMS, temperature sensor, a GPS module, and a GSM module. The controller obtains acceleration and temperature data from the acceleration sensor and temperature sensor. Main aim of this paper is to find out the accident using accelerometer and spot at any location and intimating to ambulance through GSM as well as vehicle temperature monitoring. It provides the following contribution to detecting traffic accidents via ARM7controller and stores the values of GPS, sensor values and time of accident occurred etc. So that immediate help was taken by people for the patients and further enquiry can be taken place to detect the process of occurrence of accident. If the vehicle theft occurred then the message will be sent to the owner mobile. By using GPS, we can track the vehicle. Even if the driver loses consciousness in an accident, he can also be rescued in time and status will be displayed in LCD. For further communication process we are storing the vehicle monitoring data in memory card. Keywords: GSM, GPS, Temperature sensor, MEMS sensor, Memory card and LCD. I. INTRODUCTION In this modern, fast moving and insecure world, it become elementary need to be aware of one s safety. Maximum risks occur in situations where in an employee travels for money relations. The Company to which he belongs should be aware if there is some difficult. If the person traveling can be tracked and also secured in case of an emergency. Here s a system that functions as a tracking and a security system. It s the intelligent vehicle control for critical remote location application. This system can deal with both pace and security. The GPS antenna present in the GPS module receives the information from the GPS satellite in NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) format and thus it reveals the position information. The evidence got from the GPS antenna has to be sent to the Base station wherein it is decoded. We use GSM module which has an antenna. We have at the Base station; the complete data about the vehicle. When auto crash occurs suddenly, the reaction of the emergency services now becomes race between life and death. In this we are trying to program a GPS and GSM module incorporating an accelerometer to report occurrences of accidents via GSM communication platform to the nearest agencies such as hospitals, police stations, and fire services and so on, giving the exact position of the point where crash has occurred. Many campaigns have been conducted by the people for the awareness but the numbers of death and disability are very high because of late assistance to people those who got through the accident. In existing system most of the vehicles associate only tracking system. Presently tracking system is introduced in vehicles to save peoples life. The objective of this paper is to design and develop vehicle monitoring and tracking by Messaging System Using GPS and GSM Modems. In order to fully understand both GPS and GSM technology, the study on how both technology works is essential to complete the whole paper. The objectives of this paper are: 1. To study and investigate the basic operation of the GPS, GSM module 2. To design and develop the Temperature and MEMS accelerometer. 3. To come with my own hardware of vehicle monitoring and GPS/GSM tracking system. To interface SD card to controller and store the vehicle data in SD card. The scope of this paper is to study and design the vehicle monitoring, tracking and controlling Using GPS and GSM Modems system that can give an output of the information such as position, temperature, MEMS accelerometer of vehicle from the GSM, GPS receiver. The users will also be able to send command to the GPS receiver using the GSM technology. The paper can be divided into three big parts, the first part, the GPS and the LPC2148 controller pairing. The second part, the LPC2148 Microcontroller and the GSM integration. Third part, The LM35-Temperature sensor and Smoke sensor interfacing to LPC2148controller. For the first part, focus will be on the GPS system and how to pair it to the microcontroller. The study on the how GPS works will be conduct to understand its operation and command set that will be used. The LPC2148 Microcontroller is also an important device to understand as it is to control the 2014 IJSETR. All rights reserved.

2 operation of the GPS receiver. The microcontroller using C programming language to operate. The second part will be the LPC2148-Microcontroller and the GSM integration. The study on GSM technology will be conduct in this phase. It is important in order to transmit the data from the GPS receiver to the computer using the GSM technology. The correct GSM command set will be essential to make sure the data is on the right path and transmitted correctly. The third part will be the LPC2148-controller and the LM35, MEMS accelerometer sensors integration. The study on (LM35, Accident) sensors technology will be conduct in this phase. It is important in order to transmit the data from the sensors to the user using the GSM technology. II. LITERATURE REVIEW In this chapter, we will discuss about the information found by study and research that is critical and have an important value in the contribution of the whole paper. It also gives some basic knowledge or theoretical base and is used as a foundation to successfully achieve the main objectives. Most of the literatures are from the related articles, journals, books and previous works of the same fields. These literatures are then compiled and use as a guidance to the work of this paper. GSM and GPS based vehicle location and tracking system will provide effective, real time vehicle location, mapping and reporting this information value and adds by improving the level of service provided. A GPSbased vehicle tracking system will inform where your vehicle is and where it has been, how long it has been. The system uses geographic position and time information from the Global Positioning Satellites. The system has an on board module which resides in the vehicle to be tracked and a "Base Station" that monitors data from the various vehicles. The On-Board module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem. The number of hardware I have gathered from previous journals and other sites are given below. All these are used together and worked according to our requirement. A. GSM Modem Communication among vehicle, Owner, police and emergency is established accordingly as per requirement through GSM (Global Service for Mobile communication). AGSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM modem looks just like a mobile phone. A GSM modem can be a dedicated modem device with a serial, USB or Bluetooth connection or it may be a mobile phone that provides GSM modem capabilities. A GSM modem could also be a standard GSM mobile phone the appropriate cable and software driver to connect to a serial port or USB port on our computer. B. GPS Modem Exact location on earth can be known GPS latitude, longitude information. Global Positioning System (GPS) is space based radio navigation System consisting of a constellation of Satellites and a network of stations used for monitoring and controlling. The GPS is operated and S.ANAND KUMAR, M.KHADAR KIRAN, A.RAGHURAM maintained by the Department of defense (DOD).The GPS is a constellation of satellites in orbit around the Earth which transmit their positions in space as well as the precise period. It is receiver that collects data from the satellites and computes its location anywhere in the world based on information it gets from the satellites. Develop new microprocessor-based products and applications. The ARM is one of the major options available for embedded system developer. Fig 1: GPS module. C. ARM7 LPC2148 TDMI Over the last few years, the ARM architecture has become the most pervasive 32-bitarchitecture in the world through wide range of ICs available from various IC manufacturers. The ARM processors are embedded in products ranging from cell/mobile phones to automotive braking systems. Worldwide community of ARM partners and third-party vendors has developed among semiconductor and product design companies including hardware engineers, software developers, and system designers. ARM7 is one of the widely used micro-controller family in embedded system application. These section is humble effort for explaining basic features of ARM-7. The ARM is a family of instruction set architectures for computer processors based on a reduced (RISC) architecture developed by British company ARM Holdings. A RISC-based computer design approach means ARM processors require significantly fewer transistors than typical processors in average computers. Here this approach reduces costs, heat and power use. These are desirable traits for portable, light, battery-powered devices including smart laptops, phones, and tablet. A simpler design facilitates more efficient multi-core CPUs and higher core counts at lower cost providing higher processing power and improved energy efficiency for servers and supercomputers. It Provides 8kB of on-chip RAM accessible to USB by DMA. One or two (LPC2141/2 vs. LPC2144/6/8) 10-bit A/D converters provide

3 a total of 6/14analog inputs with conversion times as low as 2.44 us per channel. Single 10-bit D/A converter provide variable analog output. Two 32-bit timers/external event counters PWM unit and watchdog. Low power real-time clock with independent power and dedicated 32 khz clock input. Multiple serial interfaces including two UARTs (16C550) two Fast I2C-bus, SPI and SSP with buffering and variable data length capabilities. Vectored interrupt controller with configurable priorities and vector addresses. 45 of 5 V tolerant fast general purpose I/O pins in a tiny LQFP64. Nine edge or level sensitive external interrupt pins available. On-chip integrated oscillator operates with an external crystal in range from 1 MHz to30 MHz and with an external oscillator up to 50 MHz. D. Sensors 1. Temperature Sensor (LM35) The Temperature- LM35 sensor continuously monitors the temperature of surface at which it is mounted, generally vehicle engine and body. If the Temperature exceeds predefined value, the microcontroller will send alert to the driver by means of buzzer usually fixed near to Dash board. 2. MEMS Accelerometers (ADXL335) The ADXL335 is a low power, thin, small, complete 3- axis accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs. Product processes acceleration with a minimum full-scale range of ±3 g. They can measure the static acceleration of gravity in tilt-sensing device, as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from vibration, shock, or motion. X-axis is connected with controller and continuously checks that g value change. E. Similar Projects Accident detection and trace of vehicle is the one of the useful paper to the human beings in today s life. This paper is mainly used to accident detection and trace the vehicle location by using GSM and GPS modules in [8]. To implement this paper we are using AT89S52 microcontroller. The GPS and GSM modules are attached to the vehicle. The GPS receiver continuously receives the Latitude and Longitude coordinates from the satellites revolves around the earth. These coordinates values are displayed on the LCD. One of the main requirements of any intelligent transportation system [9] is to be able to identify vehicles in the traffic. This paper presents an intelligent vehicle identification system used within a complete solution for a traffic monitoring system that uses novel wireless sensor network architecture to monitor traffic. Novel wireless sensor network architecture to monitor traffic is proposed where a visual sensor node captures images of the traffic and sends them to the traffic control center for processing. Also, this Intelligent Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking System paper compares between three main localization and recognition algorithms. To locate the vehicle logo in the traffic image a symmetry detection algorithm is used to detect the inherent symmetry in vehicle frontal images. A fine location of the logo is identified using three different methods in the region marked by the symmetry line. After locating the logo three feature sets are extracted and presented to the classifier to correctly identify the type of the vehicle. The results of the localization and recognition algorithms show the efficiency of the presented system in identifying vehicle types with a recognition rate over 90%. III. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION This chapter briefly explains about the Hardware Implementation of the paper. It discusses the design and working of the design with the help of block diagram and circuit diagram and explanation of circuit diagram in detail. It explains the features, timer programming, serial communication, interrupts of LPC2148 microcontroller. It also explains the various modules used in this paper. A. Paper Design The implementation of the paper design can be divided in two parts. Hardware implementation Firmware implementation Hardware implementation deals in drawing the schematic on the plane paper according to the application, testing the schematic design over the breadboard using the various IC s to find if the design meets the objective, carrying out the PCB layout of the schematic tested on breadboard, finally preparing the board and testing the designed hardware. The firmware part deals in programming the microcontroller so that it can control the operation of the IC s used in the implementation. In the present work, we have used the Orcad design software for PCB circuit design, the Keil µv3 software development tool to write and compile the source code, which has been written in the C language. The Proload programmer has been used to write this compile code into the microcontroller. The firmware implementation is explained in the next chapter. The paper design and principle are explained in this chapter using the block diagram and circuit diagram. The block diagram discusses about the required components of the design and working condition is explained using circuit diagram and system wiring diagram. 1. Block Diagram of the proposed system and its Description The block diagram of the design is as shown in Fig 2. It consists of power supply unit, microcontroller, MEMS, LM35, GSM, GPS, Ultrasonic Sensor, Touch screen, LCD and the voice playback circuit. The brief description of each unit is explained as follows. B. Working Procedure The main aim of this proposed system is that traces the vehicle and provides the security from the engine overheating. And every time the SD card in the vehicle stores the information about the engine temperature and GPS values

4 along with the time. This information will be used for future reference to know the time and the cause of the accident of the vehicle occurred. In this proposed system the MEMS sensor is used to monitor the moment of the vehicle. If this sensor value goes beyond some particular value, it means the vehicle met with an accident, the information was received by the owner of the vehicle and his friends about the accident and the GPS values. Three numbers are stored by default by using the code. By using a message we can change those numbers in future. If the temperature goes beyond particular value, then the engine of the vehicle stops immediately and alerts the user by SMS along with the GPS values. Every time the sensor activates, the system gives the buzzer. The LCD display was used to display the GPS values and the sensor values. For every 10 seconds the sensors data and GPS values are gets stored in the SD card in.xls format. You can read the SD card by using the card reader. The coding was written in embedded C language and compile using keil compiler. The relevant hex file was dumped into the microcontroller using FLASH MAGIC software. S.ANAND KUMAR, M.KHADAR KIRAN, A.RAGHURAM Orcad is used for drawing the schematic diagram, it is mentioned above. Keilµv4, Flashmagic are the two software tools used to program microcontroller. The working of each software tool is explained below in detail. 1. Programming code description A compiler for a high level language helps to reduce production time. To program the LPC2148 microcontroller the Keil µv4 is used. The programming is done in the embedded C language or Assembly language. Keil µv4 is a suite of executable, open source software development tools for the microcontrollers hosted on the Windows platform. One of the difficulties of programming microcontrollers is the limited amount of resources the programmer has to deal with. In personal computers resources such as RAM and processing speed are basically limitless when compared to microcontrollers. In contrast, the code on microcontrollers should be as low on resources as possible. 2. Keil Compiler Keil compiler is software used where the machine language code is written and compiled. After compilation, the machine source code is converted into hex code which is to be dumped into the microcontroller for further processing. Keil compiler also supports C language code. The compilation of the C program converts it into machine language file (.hex). This is the only language the microcontroller will understand, because it contains the original program code converted into a hexadecimal format. During this step there are some warnings about eventual errors in the program. If there are no errors and warnings then run the program, the system performs all the required tasks and behaves as expected the software developed. If not, the whole procedure will have to be repeated again. Below figures 3 and 4 show the compilation of the program. Fig 2: Block diagram of vehicle monitoring and tracking system. IV. FIRMWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM DESIGN A. Firmware Implementation Firmware implementation deals in programming the microcontroller so that it can control the operation of the IC s used in the implementation. In the present work, we have used the Orcad design software for PCB circuit design, the Keil µv4 software development tool to write and compile the source code, which has been written in the C language. The Flash magic programmer has been used to write this compile code into the microcontroller. The following are the Software Tools Required. Orcad Keil µvision4 Flash Magic Fig 3: Compilation of source Code.

5 Intelligent Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking System Flash Magic is a PC tool for programming flash based microcontrollers from NXP using a serial or Ethernet protocol while in the target hardware. The figures 5 to 6 shows how the baud rate is selected for the microcontroller, how are the registers erased before the device is programmed. If dumping process of the hex file is completed, then the controller will work as per our requirement. Fig 4: Run process of compiled Code. B. Flash magic V. RESULTS The smart vehicle security system proposed in this proposed system was fully developed and tested to demonstrate its feasibility and effectiveness. The implementation of realization of Intelligent Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking system is done successfully. The communication is properly done without any interference between different modules in the design. Design is done to meet all the specifications and requirements. Software tools like keil uvision simulator, proload to dump the source code into the microcontroller, orcad lite for the schematic diagram have been used to develop the software code before realizing the hardware. Circuit is implemented in Orcad and implemented on the microcontroller board. The performance has been verified both in software simulator and hardware design. The total circuit is completely verified functionally and is following the application software. It can be concluded that the design implemented in the present work provide portability, flexibility and the data transmission is also done with low power consumption. The below figure 7 shows the entire connections of circuitry. Fig 5: Dumping of the code into Microcontroller. Fig 6: Dump process finished. Fig 7: Schematic design of the vehicular system.

6 S.ANAND KUMAR, M.KHADAR KIRAN, A.RAGHURAM VI. CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE This paper finally concluded and future scope will be enhanced below. A. Conclusion In this system effective solution is provided to develop the Monitoring vehicle which will monitor various parameters of vehicle in-between constant time period and will send this data to the base unit is explained in this paper. We have used hardware like ARM7, GPS, GSM and Sensor modules. Designed system will perform the function of communicating with the ambulance and fire station via GSM. The whole Control system has the advantage of small volume and high reliability. B. Future Scope 1. A Front Camera can be used for Lane Tracking purpose. 2. System can be monitored & globally tracking using PC. 3. Instead of a Microcontroller we can use a CPLD chip since the CPLD incorporates many more features than a Microcontroller. VLSI/VHDL can be used for CPLD programming. C. Advantages 1. Reduce the accidents. 2. Analyze the accidents detail. 3. Send location of car and its maintenance to base station through GPS & GSM technique. 4. Security of vehicle. D. Applications 1. Government vehicles. 2. Industrial 3. Hospital VII. REFERENCES [1] Electronics for You Magazine, January, pp [2] "Method and system for automated detection of mobile telephone usage by drivers" Michael Rosen, Akron, OH (U.S). [3] Cain and Burris, "Investigation of the use of Mobile Phones While Driving", Center for Urban Transport Research College of Engineering, University of South Florida. [4] M Sundeen, "Cell Phone and Highway Safety: 2001 State Legislature Update", National Conference of State legislatures, August, USA. [5] T Ishida et al, "The Effect of Cellular Phone Use on Driving Performance", IATTS 25, Japan. [6] T Woo and J Lin, "Influence of Mobile Phone Use While Driving: The Experience in Taiwan", IATSS, Taiwan. [7] Violanti, J. M., "Cellular Phones and Fatal traffic Collisions", Accident Analysis and Prevention. [8]http// _sonika_intelligent. [9]