Glossary. advance: to move forward

Transcription

1 Computer Computer Skills Glossary Skills Glossary advance: to move forward alignment tab: the tab in the Format Cells dialog box that allows you to choose how the data in the cells will be aligned (left, right, or center), or to merge cells anchor closing tag: an HTML code that tells the web browser to attach a link to a web page; example: </a> anchor tags: in HTML, codes that tell the web browser to create links in a web page; anchor tags must contain at least one attribute; example: <a href= location of file > anchor tag with name attribute: in HTML, a code that tells the web browser to create an internal link; example: <a name= name of file goes here > animation: in presentation software, an option to add effects to individual objects on a slide Arrange tool: in visual mapping software, tool to select the type of diagram you want to create ascending order: to organize numbers from smallest to largest and words from A to Z; when data includes both numbers and words, the numbers come first Ascending Sort: a function that organizes numbers from smallest to largest and words from A to Z; when data includes both numbers and words, the numbers come first at symbol: (@) the keyboard symbol made by holding down the Shift key and pressing the number 2 key; second part of an address attribute: a detail or characteristic about text or an object on a web page included in an HTML tag; attributes are only placed in opening tags audience: the people viewing a slide show, reading a piece of writing, or interpreting a graph AVERAGE function: the spreadsheet function that automatically sums a group of numbers and then divides by the total amount of numbers summed axis labels: words or phrases that describe a graph s categories and values Back button: the button on a web browser toolbar that allows you to move back one page at a time to the web pages you last viewed background: in presentation software, the area that displays behind the information placed on a slide; can be a solid color or a picture bar graph: a graph that uses a group of rectangles or bars to compare data; can be vertical or horizontal body box: in an program, where you type the message; also called message box body tag: the HTML tag that tells a web browser to display the text that follows it; anything typed between the opening and closing body tags in an HTML document will be displayed by the web browser bold tag: in HTML, words that follow this tag will appear boldface in a web browser; the bold closing tag turns off this attribute bookmark: a menu choice in an Internet browser that, when clicked, will take you to a favorite website without having to type in its web address (URL); also called favorites borders: lines that appear around rows, columns, cells, or tables; also the margins around text bottom-up tree diagram: a type of tree diagram that has a main idea on the bottom with arrows connecting to supporting ideas above it browse: to move from one web page to the next on the Internet by following links; also called navigate Calvert Education Computer Skills Computer Skills Glossary 159

2 browser: see web browser Bubble tool: see Create tool calculate: to find the answer to a math problem cataloging: organizing category (x) axis: data that run along the horizontal line in a graph category search: a type of search that arranges information into hierarchies cell: the building block of spreadsheets; each cell can hold a piece of data cell address: the name of each cell in a spreadsheet, made up of a column letter and a row number; the column letter always comes first, then the row number (example, B7) chart: a picture that illustrates data in a table Chart Wizard button: button that creates the selected chart type from the data in a spreadsheet table closing tags: in HTML, words or letters inside brackets that indicate the end of a command or direction for the web browser; look similar to opening tags but have a forward slash preceding the words within the bracket column: a group of cells in a spreadsheet that runs vertically; in word processing software, columns create white space by separating and wrapping text; they visually divide and keep information together column letter: the name of a column; can be found along the top of a spreadsheet worksheet consistency: using similar colors, patterns, and layouts throughout your slide show, text, or diagram Create tool: a tool in visual mapping software that allows you to create and format idea webs credentials: information such as published articles, educational achievements, and professional memberships that show a person should be believed; should relate to the content of the web page you are viewing credibility: how trustworthy the author of a web page is data: information database: a collection of data organized so that it is easy to find quickly database software: a type of software program that allows you to organize data and search and sort that data data labels: labels that make charts easier to understand by telling the meaning of each part data point markers: dots that appear at each data point on a line graph descending order: to organize numbers from largest to smallest and words from Z to A; when data includes both numbers and words, the words come first Descending Sort: a sort that organizes numbers from largest to smallest and words from Z to A; when data includes both numbers and words, the words come first domain name: the part of an address or URL that identifies an Internet site; example, calvertschool in vhillyer@calvertschool.org and downloading: the process of copying data from a main source and transferring it to another computer Drawing toolbar: the toolbar that has tools that let you work with shapes, lines, Clip Art, and text duplicate: to copy 160 Computer Skills Glossary Computer Skills Calvert Education

3 duplicate slide: an exact copy of the previous slide in presentation software effect: in presentation software, controls how a slide comes into view in a slide show; examples are fade, push, and news flash electronic mail ( ): messages sent between people over a network address: an address for sending and receiving electronic mail; made up of three parts: user name, the at symbol (@), and a domain name program: software that lets you send and receive electronic messages through the Internet evaluate: to check favorites: see bookmark field: a single piece of information in a spreadsheet or database record file extension: a group of letters at the end of a file name, after the period (Myfile.doc); tells what kind of program created the file;.doc and.txt are used for word processing programs,.htm and.html are used in World Wide Web files, and.gif and.jpg are used for picture files fill color: color that appears inside or fills up an object font color attribute: in HTML, a code that tells the web browser to change the color of the text; example: <font color= red > formula: in a spreadsheet program, a mathematical expression that the program solves formula bar: text box where you type the formula in a spreadsheet program Forward button: the button on a web browser toolbar that allows you to return to the web page you were viewing before you pressed the Back button forwarding: sending a copy of an message that you have received to other people function: a prewritten formula in a spreadsheet program that performs calculations by using specific values in a specific order; made up of three parts: the equals symbol (=), function name, and parentheses to hold values and cell addresses FW: stands for forwarded; added at the front of the subject line when forwarding an message graph: a picture that illustrates data in a table graphics program: a software program used to draw and format pictures on a computer; has three main parts: a drawing area, a toolbox, and a color box gridlines: lines that are perpendicular to one axis and run parallel to the other axis in a line graph; make line graphs easier to read hierarchies: a way of grouping information so that it is listed in large sets and then split into smaller sets home page: the main page of a web page; like the table of contents in a book horizontal bar graph: the type of bar graph with bars that run side to side host name: the second part of a URL; begins with two forward slashes and tells the web browser the location of the computer where the web page or file can be found Calvert Education Computer Skills Computer Skills Glossary 161

4 HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): the authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web; defines the structure and layout of a web document by using tags and attributes HTML tag: in HTML, a code that tells the web browser to begin or end a web page; example <html> web page text goes here </html> hypertext reference: in HTML, a code that directs the web browser to a certain web page; abbreviated href Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): one type of protocol used for accessing web pages; the most common protocol, always followed by a colon image tag: in HTML, a code that tells the web browser where to find an image to place on a web page; abbreviated img; example: <img src= /images/tree.gif > inbox: the area of an program where electronic messages are opened; information displayed includes the subject of the messages, who sent them, and the date they were sent internal links: links to connect to different places on the same web page Internet: a network made up of computers connected across the world; largest example of a wide area network (WAN) Internet search engines: online tools that can search large collections of websites to locate information interpret: to analyze intersect: to meet italic tag: in HTML, words that follow this tag will appear in italics on a web browser; the italic closing tag turns off this attribute junk mail: advertisements or unwanted information sent through ; should always delete junk mail messages without opening them; also called spam key word: a word that best describes the information you want to find; used in Internet searches left tree diagram: a type of tree diagram that has a main idea on the left side with arrows connecting to supporting ideas on the right line color: the color of an object s outline line graph: a graph that uses dots and a line to show how data changes over time; each dot is a data point and the line connects the data points to draw a picture of the data link: to connect related objects or ideas; connects other web pages and/or sections of web pages together location bar: the portion of a web browser that shows the web address of the current web page login dialog box: a place to type your user name and password to gain entry to an program markers: see data point markers merge: to join two or more cells into a single larger cell; the contents are then centered in the newly created cell message box: see body box multiple key word search: an online search that uses more than one key word or phrase navigate: see browse Normal view: in presentation software, a way to view and edit one slide at a time offline: when a device is not connected to a network 162 Computer Skills Glossary Computer Skills Calvert Education

5 online: when a device is connected to a network online search: using key words to find information on the Internet opening tags: in HTML, words or letters inside brackets that indicate a new command or direction for the web browser operators: in spreadsheet software, symbols used that indicate addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division functions; in database software, a mathematical character that represents an action used for sorting information Outline pane: in presentation software, window to the left of the workspace that helps you organize the slides in a slide show Outline tool: a tool in visual mapping software that displays a diagram in outline form overlap: when tables in a database contain the same information about an item paragraph tag: in HTML, a code used to separate text into paragraphs on a web page password: a combination of letters, numbers, and sometimes symbols that a user creates to secure and verify his identity on a computer pathname: the last part of a URL that shows where the folder is stored and the name of the actual file; a forward slash separates each folder in the pathname; usually ends with the file extension.htm or.html percent: amount per hundred pie chart: a chart that looks like a pizza or a pie and shows parts of a whole presentation program or software: a software program that lets you build and show slide shows protocol: see URL protocol range: in spreadsheet software, a group of cells or rows used in a formula RE: stands for regarding; in an , it appears in front of the subject line when sending a reply to the original message record: (n) an entry in a database table reference: using a cell s address in a formula rather than the actual value in the cell; allows the formula s answer to update automatically whenever the value of the cell changes reply: a response to an message Reply button: a button in an program used to respond to an message resize: to make an object or text bigger or smaller right tree diagram: a type of tree diagram that has a main idea on the right side with arrows connecting to supporting ideas on the left row: a group of cells in a spreadsheet that runs horizontally row number: the name of a row; can be found along the left side of spreadsheet worksheet search engine: see Internet search engine selection handle: a small square that you can drag to resize an object Send button: a button in program you press to send a message after you have finished writing it Sent folder: a folder in an program that holds copies of all the messages that you have sent server: a computer that stores Internet information and is accessed by other computers size attribute: in HTML, a code that tells the web browser to change the size of the font; example: <font size= 5 > Calvert Education Computer Skills Computer Skills Glossary 163

6 slides: rectangular areas that contain the information you want to show on screen in a slide show presentation slide show: in presentation software, a collection of slides organized into a story or presentation Slide Show view: in presentation software, the way to view the completed slide show Slide Sorter view: in presentation software, a way to see small versions of all the slides in a slide show at once to review and edit them slide transitions: see transitions sort: to organize sort order: the order in which the database returns records from a search source attribute: tells the browser where to find the image; abbreviated src spam: see junk mail span: in spreadsheet software, to stretch across more than one column or row spreadsheet: a data table organized into rows and columns spreadsheet program: a software program that lets you create and edit tables, charts, and graphs subject line: in software, the place to type a few words that describe the main purpose of the message subtype: a specific type of bar graph, line graph, or pie chart SUM function: the spreadsheet function that automatically adds up numbers; used when you want to show a total for a column or row Summation tool: (Σ) tool that adds numbers automatically in spreadsheet software; used to show a total for a column or row table: the area of the database that you search in; in a spreadsheet, made up of data in rows and columns tags: words or letters inside brackets; tags are the directions that a web browser uses to make a web page text attribute: in HTML, code that tells the web browser to change the color of all of the text; example: <body text= green > to line: a line in an where you type the address of the person who will receive the message top-down tree diagram: a type of tree diagram that has a main idea on the top with arrows connecting supporting ideas below it transitions: in presentation software, words or design elements that help guide the audience through a story or presentation; animations or sounds that connect slides in a slide show; helps them move smoothly from slide to slide tree diagram: a type of diagram with the main idea and supporting ideas connected by arrows in certain positions; examples are top-down, bottom-up, and left and right underline tag: in HTML, words that follow this tag will appear underlined in a web browser; the underline closing tag turns off this attribute URL (Uniform Resource Locator): gives information about the path to a file; see web address URL protocol: the first part of a URL; a standard system of commands that computers use to transfer information; http is the most common protocol user name: a name alias that identifies the user of a website; also called a user ID valid: believable 164 Computer Skills Glossary Computer Skills Calvert Education

7 validity features: parts of a website that show it to be valid, or believable; examples: design of the site, date of last update, credentials of the author value (y) axis: data that run along the vertical line in a graph vertical bar graph: the type of bar graph with bars that run up and down visual mapping software: a software program that helps you organize ideas; lets you show what you are thinking and the way things go together in a visual way with pictures and diagrams; includes three basic parts: workspace, symbol palette, and toolbars worksheet: in a spreadsheet program, functions like a document in a word processing program; looks similar to a piece of graph paper; contains cells and rows workspace: the main part of visual mapping software where you build your diagrams; in presentation software, an area in which you can create and make changes to slides World Wide Web: made up of all the web pages that are stored by web servers x-axis: the horizontal line in a graph y-axis: the vertical line in a graph voice: in presentation software, the words, colors, animations, and sounds that you use to communicate how you feel and think about a topic in a slide show web: a diagram with a main idea in the middle and supporting ideas surrounding it web address: the Internet location of a web page or file, also called URL web browser: a software program that allows viewers to visit Internet websites; browsers translate the web server s information from a web language into words and pictures that we can understand web page: an online document that contains text or pictures web server: a type of server that stores web pages and their files website: a group of web pages stored together word web: used in visual mapping software to group ideas; the main idea is in the middle and the other ideas are connected to the main idea with arrows; also called idea web Calvert Education Computer Skills Computer Skills Glossary 165