HoloGraphics. Combining Holograms with Interactive Computer Graphics

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Blanche Blankenship
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1 HoloGraphics Combining Holograms with Interactive Computer Graphics Gordon Wetzstein Bauhaus University Weimar 1

2 Location Weimar Dunedin Courtesy: NASA 2

3 HoloGraphics Research Group Jun. Prof. Dr. Oliver Bimber, 1 PhD student, 4 active & 4 former students displays, rendering, interaction, depth reconstruction, calibration and registration, evaluation.. funded by DFG [German Research Foundation], 2 years [June 04 May 06] 3

4 HoloGraphics scientific technical advisors: Museum of Natural History Senckenberg Deutsches Museum Bonn DaimlerCrysler AG Brown University Ohio University Holographiezentrum Bamberg 4

5 History of Holography invented by Hungarian physicist Dennis Gabor in 1947 after invention of laser [1960], Leith and Upatnieks and Denisyuk produced optical holograms Gabor receives Nobel Prize in physics in

6 What is a hologram? stores amplitude, wavelength and phase of light as interference fringe pattern reconstructs entire wavefront, supporting all depth cues high visual quality space efficiency [thin film] massive amount of information 6

7 Applications of Holograms display holograms [museums, art] conservation [archeology, paleontology] biomedical applications [X-ray, tomography, dentistry, etc.] copy protection [look at your credit card] data storage [HVD, 3.9 TB, 1 GB/s] holographic optical elements [HOEs] 7

8 Hologram Types recorded vs optical vs monochromatic vs white light vs transmission synthesised content computer generated full color laser reconstruction vs reflection holograms 8

9 Transmission Holograms Courtesy: Bimber

10 Reflection Holograms Courtesy: Bimber

11 Optical Holograms - Examples monchomatic reflection holograms rainbow transmission holograms [largest in Europe] full color reflection holograms multiplex holograms Courtesy: Holografiezentrum Bamberg. 11

12 Optical Holograms - Examples Courtesy: Ives Gentet. 12

13 Courtesy: Ives Gentet, Bimber 2004 Optical Holograms - Examples graining: 8nm 13

14 Computer Generated Holograms digital holograms vs. electro holograms digital holography: holographic printer recorded or rendered content one-step vs. two-step methods volumetric multiplexed holograms 14

15 Computer Generated Holograms tiled full color hologram (world s largest hologram), rendered 3D graphics Courtesy: Zebra Imaging Tech. volumetric multiplexed hologram Courtesy: Voxel Inc. full color hologram, recorded content Courtesy: Liti3D 15

16 Computer Generated Holograms electro holograms [example: MIT's Holovideo]: rendering and holographic fringe computation [laws of optics] AOM of laser light with fringes Courtesy: MIT Courtesy: QinetiQ 16

17 Resolution, Information and Size computer graphics electro digital optical resolution kilopixel-megapixel kilopixel-megapixel kilopixelmegapixel gigapixel-terapixel size kilobyte-megabyte megabyte-gigabyte megabytegigabyte gigabyte-terabyte disp. vol. cm3-m3 mm3-cm3 cm3-m3 cm3-m3 render several hundred terabytes/s on a terapixel display and support all depth queues Courtesy: Bimber

18 HoloGraphics - Motivation visual quality interactivity interactive computer graphics electro holograms digital holograms optical holograms scientific visualization IEEE Computer, 2004 holographic content IEEE Computer, 2004 graphical content edutainment in museums 18

19 IEEE Computer, 2004 Interactive Display Prototypes 19

20 Integrating CG into Holograms IEEE Computer, 2004 glass layer beam combiner emulsion LCD panel lenticular 20

21 Digital Light for Reconstruction uniform partial amplitude wavelength SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

22 Light Interaction IEEE Computer,

23 Light Interaction create intermediate texture T from V over E: render H into depth buffer fill frame buffer with light color render G into depth and frame buffer [lighting off, color=black] render E from P textured with T and display on projector create rendering image R from V over D: render H into depth buffer render G into depth buffer and frame buffer display G on display SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

24 Light Interaction L1 L2 IEEE Computer, Jan

25 Light Interaction create intensity image I1: render H from V over E (white diffuse factor) and graphical light sources that simulate real shading on H T1 render E from P textured with T1 2 O I1 create intensity image I2: render H from V over E (white diffuse factor) and graphical light sources that simulate virtual shading on H T2 render E from P textured with T1 2 R I2 I1 create intensity image I3: render E from P (white diffuse factor) and graphical point light source attached to P I3 SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography, 2005 cos Dm Dl 2 r Create and display illumination image I from P: I=I2/I1/I3 via pixel shader 25

26 MOVIE 26

27 Reconstructing Depth SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

28 SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography, 2005 Interactive Display Prototypes 28

29 SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography, 2005 Interactive Display Prototypes 29

30 SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography, 2005 Interactive Display Prototypes 30

31 Holographic Windows SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

32 Multiplex Stereograms SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography, photographs digital multiplex hologram registering holographic plane calibrating projector (< PAL resolution) integrating CAD data 32

33 Touch Interaction SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

$Fresnel lens (f=1m) diffraction grating$ (dispersion compensation) light directing

34 Volumetric Multiplexed Holograms projectors LC shutter cooling IR head-tracker 50/50 mirror beam combiner Fresnel lens (f=1m) diffraction grating (dispersion compensation) light directing film shutter glasses SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

35 Volumetric Multiplexed Holograms SPIE Conf. on Practical Holography,

36 Courtesy: Bimber 2005 Large Holograms 36

37 Future Work different displays [ (auto)stereoscopic techniques, form factors, optical setups] fully- or semi-automated registration and calibration methods effective rendering and illumination for different hologram types new interaction techniques for displays demonstration and evaluation 37

38 Thank You!

Holography. How is that different than photography? How is it accomplished? Amplitude & Phase

Holography. How is that different than photography? How is it accomplished? Amplitude & Phase Holography 1948: Dennis Gabor proposes lensless imaging: wavefront reconstruction. Calls it total recording or Holo gram Concept: record and recreate wavefront incident on film. Amplitude & Phase How is