LOGO COL MATHEMATICAL MODELING with DATA. Instructor: Paul S. Lowman

Transcription

1 LOGO COL MATHEMATICAL MODELING with DATA Instructor: Paul S. Lowman

2 UNIT 2 LESSON 6 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS

3 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: TOPICS In this lesson you will use logical spreadsheet functions to obtain information from a data set based on given conditions IF function Nested IF function COUNTIF COUNTIF(S) SUMIF SUMIF(S)

4 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: IF A simple IF func(on has the following form if there are only two outcomes (answers) to a given situa?on. =IF(logical condi(on,"value if True","Value if False") For example : You either pass or fail a course. You are either married or not married and so on.

5 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: IF =IF (D2>50, Pass, Fail )

6 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: IF HANDS ON EXERCISE Use CloudOn to create an excel spreadsheet name L6HOE. Rename sheet 1 to EXERCISE 1 STEPS: 1. IN CELL A1 TYPE THE NUMBER IN CELL B1 TYPE THE FUNCTION = IF(A1>50, YES, NO ) 3. CHANGE THE NUMBER IN CELL A1 TO WHAT VALUE DID YOU GET?

7 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: IF HANDS ON EXERCISE If you did this correctly you should get a "Yes". When you change the 80 to a 25 you should get a "No. If the Value of True or False is text, then you must put the text in quotes. However, if the Value of True or False is a number or a formula then you do not use quotes.

8 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF When there is more than two choices in an IF statement, you must create what is known as a Nested IF This means using another IF when you get to the "value if false" part of the func?on and you have more than one choice. The number of IFs you need is always equal to the number of outcomes (answers) minus one.

9 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF Here is a general form when there are three outcomes. =IF(logical condi(on,"value if True",IF(logical condi(on,"value if True","Value if False"))

10 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF For example, deduc?ons from an employee's income usually depends on employee income. The higher the income, the higher the deduc?on rate. We can use an IF func?on to determine what the deduc?on rate will be.

11 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF For this example, if employee income is: less than $29,701, the deduc?on rate is 15% greater than or equal to $29,701, but less than $71,950, the deduc?on rate is 25% greater than or equal to $71,950, the deduc?on rate is 28%

12 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF For this example, if employee income is: The first deduc?on rate is handled by the logic test and the value if true argument of the first IF func?on. To do this, we write the beginning of the IF func?on as: =IF(A5 < 29701, A5*15%,)

13 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF To add the second and third deduc?on levels, we nest one IF func?on inside another. For example: =IF(A5<29701,A5*15%,IF(A5<71950,A5*25%,A5*28 %))

14 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF The logic test of the Nested IF func?on, checks to see if a employee s income is greater than or equal to $29,701, but less than $71,950. If it is, the deduc?on rate is 25%. If the income is greater than or equal to $71,950, the deduc?on rate is 28%. Addi?onal rate changes could be added another nested IF func?ons inside the exis?ng func?on.

15 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF HANDS ON EXERCISE Use the CloudOn spreadsheet name L6HOE. Rename sheet 2 to EXERCISE 2 STEPS: 1. In Cell A1 type the number Type the following function in Cell B1 =IF(A1 < 29701, A1*15%) 3. In Cell A2 type the number then copy the function from B1 to B2 4. In Cell A3 type the number then type the function =IF(A3 < 29701, A3*15%,) Please note the comma before closing the brackets

16 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS: NESTED IF HANDS ON EXERCISE Use the CloudOn spreadsheet name L6HOE. Rename sheet 2 to EXERCISE 2 STEPS: 4. In Cell A4 type the number Type the following function in Cell B4 =IF(A4 < 29701, A4*15%,IF(A4<71950,A4*25%,A4*28%)) 6. Change the value in A4 to then to then to ANSWERS: 4455 which is 15% of which is 25% of which is 28% of 72000

17 Condi(onal IF func(ons: THE FOLLOWING IF FUNCTIONS ARE VERY USEFUL FOR FINDING THE COUNT AND SUM OF A LARGE TABLE USING SPECIFIED CONDITIONS

18 COUNTIF COUNTIF The COUNTIF func?on is used to count up the number of cells in a selected range that meet specified criteria. Syntax =COUNTIF (Range, Criteria)

19 COUNTIF Syntax =COUNTIF (Range, Criteria) Range - the group of cells the func?on is to search. Criteria - determines whether the cell is to be counted or not. This can be a number,expression. or text string.

20 COUNTIF Syntax =COUNTIF (Range, Criteria) Criteria - this value is compared with the data in the Range cells. If a match is found then the cell in the Range is counted. Actual data or the cell reference to the data can be entered for this argument.

21 COUNTIF Syntax =COUNTIF (Range, Criteria)

22 COUNTIF HANDS ON EXERCISE Download U2L6ICPA2 from Blackboard. Use it to to complete this exercise Steps: 1. In Cell A14 Type 40 Points and Above 2. In Cell B14 =COUNTIF(B2:B11,40)

23 COUNTIFS COUNTIFS Counts the number of cells within a range that meet mul?ple criteria. Syntax COUNTIFS(range1, criteria1,range2, criteria2 )

24 COUNTIFS COUNTIFS Range1, range2, are 1 to 127 ranges in which to evaluate the associated criteria. Cells in each range must be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. Blank and text values are ignored.

25 COUNTIFS COUNTIFS Criteria1, criteria2, are 1 to 127 criteria in the form of a number, expression, cell reference, or text that define which cells will be counted. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32", ">32", "apples", or B4.

26 COUNTIFS COUNTIFS Remarks Each cell in a range is counted only if all of the corresponding criteria specified are true for that cell. If criteria is an empty cell, COUNTIFS treats it as a 0 value.

27 COUNTIFS COUNTIFS Remarks You can use the wildcard characters: ques?on mark (?) and asterisk (*), in criteria. A ques?on mark matches any single character; an asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to find an actual ques?on mark or asterisk, type a?lde (~) before the character.

28 COUNTIFS COUNTIFS

29 COUNTIFS DEMO - EXCEL

30 SUMIF SUMIF SUMIF calculates the sum of mul?ple data/entries based on desired condi?on. As name implies, it sums- up the data if the criteria is met.

31 SUMIF It takes three arguments in which we need to select range of data, criteria,and sum_range to find out the desired result. Syntax SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range)

32 SUMIF For Instance: We have a worksheet containing customer records with fields; Names, Items, Price and Paid?. In the worksheet: D2:D11 contains keywords Yes and No that show that whether customer paid the amount or s?ll owes C2:C11 contains Price of the corresponding product.

33 SUMIF

34 SUMIF To find how much amount the customer s?ll owes, the formula will search No in Paid? Column =SUMIF(D2:D11, No, C2:C11) The sum of the amount owed by customers: The formula adds up the value Price in the range C2:C11 for every instance of NO in the range D2:D11

35 SUMIF

36 SUMIFS SUMIFS Adds the cells in a range that meet mul?ple criteria. Important: The order of arguments is different between SUMIFS and SUMIF. In par?cular, the sum_range argument is the first argument in SUMIFS, However, the sum_range argument is the third argument in SUMIF. If you are copying and edi?ng these similar func?ons, make sure you put the arguments in the correct order.

37 SUMIFS Syntax SUMIFS(sum_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,criteria _range2,criteria2 ) Sum_range is one or more cells to sum: including numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. Blank and text values are ignored.

38 SUMIFS Syntax SUMIFS(sum_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,criteria _range2,criteria2 ) Criteria_range1, Criteria_range2, are 1 to 127 ranges in which to evaluate the associated criteria.

39 SUMIFS Syntax SUMIFS(sum_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,criteria _range2,criteria2 ) Criteria1, criteria2, are 1 to 127 criteria: in the form of a number, expression, cell reference, or text that define which cells will be added. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32", ">32", "apples", or B4.

40 SUMIFS Remarks Each cell in sum_range is summed only if all of the corresponding criteria specified are true for that cell. Cells in sum_range that contain TRUE evaluate as 1 Cells in sum_range that contain FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).

41 SUMIFS Remarks Unlike the range and criteria arguments in the SUMIF func?on, in SUMIFS each criteria_range must be the same size and shape as sum_range. You can use the wildcard characters, ques?on mark (?) and asterisk (*), in criteria. A ques?on mark matches any single character; An asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to find an actual ques?on mark or asterisk, type a?lde (~) before the character.

42 SUMIFS So, to get the sum of all the spit bombs sold in North, we just write, =SUMIFS(D3:D16,B3:B16, Spit Bomb,C3:C16, North )

43 SUMIFS Similarly to find the podgun sales in East, just write,

44 SUMIFS DEMO - EXCEL

45 * Wildcard What say you wanted to count the number of cells containing the word apple in this table. You could simply use a wildcard (an asterisk, *, is a wildcard in Excel) in your COUNTIF FORMULA: =COUNTIF(A5:A9, *apples* ) Your result will be 4.

46 * Wildcard using Cell Ref No?ce that the wildcard search is not case sensi?ve and it will count any instance of the word, even where it s not a word on its own like in the case of Pineapples. Alterna?vely, if you wanted to reference a cell instead of typing in the word apples your formula would be: =COUNTIF(A5:A9, * &A1& * ) Where cell A1 contains the word apples

47 * Wildcard =SUMIF(A17:A21, *apples*,b17:b21)

48 WILDCARDS The asterisk we ve used already allows you to search for a string of text, but if you only want to search for one variable you can use the ques?on mark wild card like this:

49 ? Wildcard =COUNTIF(G10:G13, apple? ) gives a result of 3. No?ce it will find words ending in s like apples but won t find apple because the? is a place holder for another character.

50 ~ Wildcard The?lde wild card allows you to search for words that contain a wild card either * or?. Simply placing the?lde before the asterisk tells Excel that the asterisk is not to be used as a wildcard.

51 ~ Wildcard =COUNTIF(A5:A9, *~*apples* ) gives a result of 1

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