ASSESSING CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING

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1 Peter Ellerton UQ Critical Thinking project September 2018 ACSA SYMPOSIUM ASSESSING CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING 1 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

2 Peter Ellerton UQ Critical Thinking project 2 2 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

3 INTRODUCTION 3 LEARNING AND CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING 3 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

4 INTRODUCTION 4 Modern educational systems, beginning in the early eighteen-hundreds, were subject to pressures of numbers and an increasing recognition that classical methods and topics of education were slow and unproductive. Jeremy Bentham s Chrestomathia school, developed for the growing middle classes and designed to address the need for faster and more immediately useful educational outcomes, is paradigmatic of the view that education is for utility, and a largely scientific utility at that (Bentham, 1816). Both critics and supporters of Bentham acknowledged that schools were to be modelled on factory processes, and this was something of a selling point for many; but not for all. Elissa Itzkin (1978) notes correspondence from a school of the time expressing concerns that the roles of students and masters are too rigorously defined within this model. 4 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

5 INTRODUCTION 5 Indeed, the duties of each must be made perfectly mechanical. There must be no doubt or hesitation on the part of the master or pupil; for doubt would produce delay and dispute, and consequently throw the whole machine into disorder. Hence there can be no appeal to the reasoning powers; for reasoning, never can be reduced to mechanism... every boy must conform to the average motion of the School. 5 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

6 INTRODUCTION The most important thing happening in a classroom at any given time is what a student is thinking. 6 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

7 INTRODUCTION The pupil analogy Dewey 7 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

8 INTRODUCTION 8 SOME KEY QUESTIONS 1.How do you know students are thinking in your classroom? 2.How do you plan for student thinking? 3.How do you give feedback on student thinking? 8 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

9 INTRODUCTION 9 THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY 9 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

10 INTRODUCTION 10 THE BIG PICTURE 10 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

11 11 Ellerton ACSA talk September September

12 UNDERSTANDING, WORKING MEMORY AND EXPERTISE 12 EXPERTISE 12 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

13 UNDERSTANDING, WORKING MEMORY AND EXPERTISE 13 EXPERTISE 13 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

14 UNDERSTANDING, WORKING MEMORY AND EXPERTISE 14 EXPERTISE What excellent teachers do 14 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

15 UNDERSTANDING, WORKING MEMORY AND EXPERTISE 15 EXPERTISE What excellent teachers do think 15 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

16 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 16 CONTENT 16 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

17 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 17 CONTENT Teaching by echo-location 17 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

18 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 18 CONTENT The good teacher 18 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

19 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 19 CONTENT Take from the canon of discipline knowledge that which is developmentally appropriate for students. Logically and engaging structure and sequence work. Test for understanding along the way 19 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

20 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 20 CONTENT 20 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

21 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 21 COGNITIVE SKILLS 21 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

22 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 22 COGNITIVE SKILLS 22 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

23 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 23 COGNITIVE SKILLS We often ask questions that require cognitive skills, but we don t talk about the cognitive skills themselves 23 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

24 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 24 COGNITIVE SKILLS 24 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

25 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 25 COGNITIVE SKILLS 25 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

26 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 26 INQUIRY Evaluating our thinking? thinking = inquiry 26 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

27 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 27 INQUIRY Inquiry is the opportunity to use and develop cognitive skills 27 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

28 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 28 VALUES OF INQUIRY 28 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

29 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 29 VALUES OF INQUIRY 29 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

30 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 30 VALUES OF INQUIRY 3 things to understand about values: 1.That something is a value 2.Why it is a value 3.How to apply the value 30 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

31 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 31 VALUES OF INQUIRY 31 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

32 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 32 VIRTUES OF INQUIRY 32 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

33 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 33 VIRTUES OF INQUIRY Knowledge-makers of the future 33 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

34 34 Ellerton ACSA talk September September

35 PEDAGOGICAL SCHEMA 35 INQUIRY 35 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

36 INQUIRY 36 A NECESSARY DEFINITION 36 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

37 INQUIRY 37 The mind of man is taken captive by the spoils of its prior victories; the spoils, not the weapons and the acts of waging the battle against the unknown, are used to fix the meaning of knowledge, of fact, and truth. John Dewey 37 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

38 INQUIRY 38 QUESTIONING asking establishes lines of creates opportunities for questions inquiry thinking 38 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

39 INQUIRY 39 QUESTIONING 39 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

40 INQUIRY 40 QUESTIONING 40 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

Cognitions need to be written in context 3.

41 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN 41 PLANING FOR THINKING UNIT PLANNING General principles: 1. Questions open up lines of inquiry (i.e. opportunities to think 2. Cognitions need to be written in context 3. Cognitions in context give curriculum and pedagogical direction 4. Arguments contextualise reasoning and provide a focus for thinking 5. Identify potential areas for a values focus 41 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

Modify the task to ensure a broad range of skills is covered (or that a few are developed in depth) 3.

42 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN 42 PLANING FOR THINKING LEARNING EXPERIENCE DESIGN General principles: 1. Identify cognitions in context from a given task (i.e audit the task) 2. Modify the task to ensure a broad range of skills is covered (or that a few are developed in depth) 3. Engineer opportunities for feedback 4. Use the above as the focus of reflection and collaborative, professional discussions 42 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

43 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN 43 PLANING FOR THINKING ASSESSMENT DESIGN General principles: 1. Identify the cognitions and contexts that will make up the assessment 2. Develop criteria sheets that describe how cognitions are performed using the values of inquiry 3. Avoid using specific cognitions alone as discriminators (e.g. reserving evaluation for A or B levels) i.e. set all students the same task 43 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

44 TEACHING COGNITIVE SKILLS 44 COGNITIVE HIERARCHY 44 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

45 TEACHING COGNITIVE SKILLS 45 COGNITIVE WEBS 45 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

46 CREATIVITY 46 ANALYTICAL 46 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

47 CREATIVITY 47 GENERATIVE Did we consider if it could: 1. be edible? 2. be 2 metres tall? 3. be soluble in water or alcohol? 4. float? 5. conduct electricity? What else.? 47 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

48 CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING 48 QUESTIONS OR CHALLENGES 48 Ellerton ACSA talk September September 2018

CRITERIA FOR ACCREDITING COMPUTING PROGRAMS

CRITERIA FOR ACCREDITING COMPUTING PROGRAMS Effective for Reviews During the 2014-2015 Accreditation Cycle Incorporates all changes approved by the ABET Board of Directors as of October 26, 2013 Computing