Advanced P&C Applications using Broadband Power Line Carrier (B-PLC)

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1 Advanced P&C Applications using Broadband Power Line Carrier (B-PLC) Nachum Sadan - Amperion Inc. Mark Majka - American Electric Power Bruce Renz Renz Consulting, LLC

2 About AEP and Amperion Amperion is a private smart grid communications company located in Lawrence MA Inventor of Broadband Power Line Carrier (B-PLC) technology AEP is the 4 th largest investor owned utility with 5.1M customers in 11 states AEP owns the largest transmission system - a 39,000 mile network that includes more 765kV EHV lines than all other US transmission systems combined AEP is one of the largest generation companies with 38,000 MW of generating capacity AEP is headquartered in Columbus Ohio

3 Motivation for B-PLC Development Pilot Wire Differential Protection Pilot wire used for transmission line protection is failing and causing relay misoperations Copper-based wire is aging and deteriorating due to corrosion Phone companies are phasing out the service Yet pilot wire is a simple to install and accurate scheme Fiber is an alternative but is costly and not always available B-PLC was developed to be a cost effective pilot wire replacement

4 Conventional Powerline Carrier Diagram

5 Broadband Powerline Carrier Diagram Line Trap Not Required Phoenix Differential Box Surge Arrester Coupler Base

6 Broadband Powerline Coupling C L

7 Differential (multi-phase) Coupling Redundancy protection for single phase faults Noise cancellation increases SNR Reduced emissions 2-Phase differential coupling in production Dual 2-Phase differential coupling in development 3-phase coupling in development

8 Broadband PLC System Components Phoenix Gateway Differential Box Fully Integrated & Field Tested Product Set B-PLC Coupler Jointly with AEP

9 B-PLC Timeline & Milestones kV 0.5 mile POC demo in Charleston WVA SCADA and POTT simulation tests 2007 to kV 5 mile test in Newark Ohio 3 links with repeating; longest point to point link of 2.6 miles kV 5 mile trial network in Newark Ohio 2 links with repeating; longest point to point link of 4.4 miles 2010 Current differential line protection Fault simulation tests in lab and field with GE and SEL relays Single 138kV link over 3.8 miles 2011 Transition from R&D to commercial deployments Focus on pilot wire replacements

10 Charleston WVA 46kV Demo

11 5.1 Mile 69kV Test Network W. Granville Station miles Xmission Pole miles Granville Station miles Heath Station

12 Views From Spectrum Analyzers in Two Stations West Granville shows all 3 BPLC links BPLC Links use 5Mhz bands Channel 2: 8 to 13Mhz Channel 4: 18 to 23Mhz Channel 6: 29 to 34Mhz Heath shows all 3 BPLC links

13 B-PLC Modulation including Notching

14 Current Differential Communication System Clock: Internal HS Clock: Internal Clock Recovery: Disabled R Requirements B Ch. 4 BPLC Ch. 5 Repeater R B System Clock: Adaptive HS Clock: Adaptive Clock Recovery: Enabled TDM-1 BPL Modem 1 BPL Modem 2 TDM-2 Serial-1 64kbps Requirements: Max Loop Latency 66ms Max Channel Asymmetry 1.5ms Serial-2 64kbps Relay-1 GE L90 Relay-2 GE L90

15 AEP Lab Test Results L-90 to L-90 L90 + TDM Converter Over BPLC One hop min Over BPLC One hop max Over BPLC Two hops min Over BPLC Two hops max to MB Converter Over BPLC One hop min Over BPLC One hop max Over BPLC Two hops min Over BPLC Two hops max All results are fault trip times in milliseconds GE L90 using 64Kbps Current Differential scheme SEL421 using Mirrored Bits protocol and POTT scheme Test results provided basis to proceed with field testing

16 B-PLC Line Protection Field Tests Repeating Station Station B

17 Field Test Phase Fault Results

18 AEP s Experience AEP has approximately 300 Pilot Wire systems in service Pilot wire relaying has aged to the point that it is no longer reliable Replacement programs include Fiber, Conventional PLC, and B-PLC Most pilot wire relaying involves circuits mileage of less than 10 miles Fiber can be cost prohibitive in AEP s rehab program Conventional PLC is not desirable because of the shortness of the line mileage and extra equipment needed i.e. Line Trap(s) & Line Tuner(s). And it does not support Current Differential relaying With B-PLC, AEP can use the existing transmission lines, B-PLC can be configured in a Current Differential relay scheme and B-PLC has the capability to support other functions like SCADA, video surveillance, synchrophasor and data transfer B-PLC is a desirable alternative

19 69kV Commercial Deployments Commissioning Q Millbrook Park Cornerstone 3.12 miles

20 69kV Commercial Deployments Commissioning Q Raceland 0.19 miles Highland 2.93 miles 3.0 miles Wurtland Dow Chemical

21 B-PLC Summary B-PLC can be used to connect substations over transmission, subtransmission and distribution lines B-PLC supports POTT, DCB and current differential protection - the most accurate and reliable protection scheme Fiber is often too costly for lower voltage substations and not always available Broadband PLC provides a ready-to-deploy, cost effective alternative Broadband connectivity between stations supports multiple future smart grid applications, in addition to protective relaying At the Distribution level, coordination will become more difficult with more distributed generation and multiple terminal points

22 Q&A

23 Thank You! Broadband Power Line Carrier (B-PLC) Enabling Core Applications Today and a Platform for Tomorrow s Transmission Smart Grid Nachum Sadan - Amperion Inc. nachum@amperion.com (978) Mark Majka - American Electric Power mgmajka@aep.com (614) Bruce Renz Renz Consulting, LLC bruce@amperion.com (614)