Developing a Roadmap for A Smart(er) and Strong Transmission Grid

Transcription

1 Developing a Roadmap for A Smart(er) and Strong Transmission Grid By: Navin Bhatt Manager, Advanced Transmission Studies & Technologies American Electric Power (AEP) PSERC 2009 Summer Workshop Breckenridge, CO August 10-12, 2009

2 American Electric Power Strength and scale in assets and operations 5.2 million customers in 11 states. Largest Transmission Owner in the US with 2,100+ miles 765 kv Asset Size Industry Rank Domestic Generation ~38,400 MW #2 Transmission ~39,000 miles #1 Distribution ~208,000 miles #1 p.2

3 Smart Grid (DOE/NETL Modern Grid Initiative) The Smart Grid is the integration of technologies that allow us to rethink electric grid design and operations. Principal Characteristics Self-healing Empowers and incorporates the consumer Tolerates security attacks Provides enhanced power quality Accommodates a wide variety of generation options Fully enables electricity markets Optimizes asset utilization and minimizes operations and maintenance expenses (Source: Smart Grid Primer; DOE/NETL Modern Grid Initiative) p.3

4 Smart Grid (DOE/NETL Modern Grid Initiative) KEY TECHNOLOGIES 1.Integrated Communications Across The Grid 2.Advanced Control Methods 3.Sensing, Metering and Measurement 4.Advanced Grid Components 5.Decision Support and Human Interfaces (Source: Smart Grid Primer; DOE/NETL Modern Grid Initiative) p.4

5 Key Technologies SCOPE ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN BY TRANSMISSION INDUSTRY Starter List How to build upon this list? POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGY GAPS Starter List How to build upon this list? p.5

6 1. Integrated Communications Across The Grid Scope High speed communication Two-way communication Open architecture for plug & play environment Secure communication p.6

7 1. Integrated Communications Across The Grid Activities Undertaken By Transmission Industry Development of interoperability standards Forecasting communication requirements (bandwidth, speed) at substations To stream data such as SCADA, P&C, disturbance monitoring, PMU, equipment diagnostics Potential Technology Gaps Think long term when developing a communication infrastructure p.7

8 2. Advanced Control Methods Scope Automated & semi-automated controls Controls that collect grid data, analyze the data, determine solutions Take appropriate actions autonomously Provide information and solutions to operators Substation automation Grid modeling EMS p.8

9 2. Advanced Control Methods Activities Undertaken By Transmission Industry Generators: AGC, AVR, Speed Governing, Power System Stabilizer (PSS), Other Generator Protection & Control (P&C) Equipment Transmission Grid: FACTS, Special Protection System (SPS), UFLS, UVLS, SVC, Line Protection & Control Equipment Local and Wide Area Controls e.g. PSS, AVR, SVC responses e.g. FACTS, SPS, Islanding actions e.g. UFLS, UVLS operations p.9

10 2. Advanced Control Methods Potential Technology Gaps Development of advanced control techniques & strategies Improved coordination among area controls Development of automated on-line restoration techniques & procedures p.10

11 3. Sensing, Metering, and Measurement Scope Situational Awareness for System Operator Information for Asset Manager Measuring System Performance Fault Detection, Outage Detection, Topology Detection/Estimation Equipment Health Diagnostics Monitoring Weather, Load and Power Flow Transfer Patterns p.11

12 3. Sensing, Metering, and Measurement Activities Undertaken by Transmission Industry Synchrophasor technology Advanced techniques to predict weather, wind, load & power transfer patterns Advanced sensors for equipment health diagnosis Advanced Fault Detection Techniques p.12

13 3. Sensing, Metering, and Measurement Potential Technology Gaps Transformation to Technology #5 Conversion of Measured Data to Actionable Information for System Operators and Asset Managers Predicting accurate generation levels from renewable resources Long Term Goal: Each major piece of equipment Condition monitoring in real time Prediction of remaining useful life in real time Ability to predict system performance for future conditions p.13

14 4. Advanced Grid Components Scope Next generation power system devices Nanotechnologies New electronics-based devices (e.g. FACTS) Superconducting technology Composite conductors Energy storage devices Fuel cell p.14

15 4. Advanced Grid Components Activities Undertaken by Transmission Industry Advanced (high temperature low sag) conductors Non-Ceramic Insulators (NCIs) Novel AC, HVDC & UG technologies & applications Superconducting cable, FCL p.15

16 4. Advanced Grid Components Potential Technology Gaps Application of storage devices Nanotechnology Superconducting technology applications p.16

17 5. Decision Support & Human Interface Scope Real time information and applications for system operators Information and applications for asset managers p.17

18 5. Decision Support & Human Interface Activities Undertaken by Transmission Industry Visualization tools (e.g. dashboards ) for asset operators and managers Areva e-terravision, EPG RTDMS, PowerWorld Suite Near-instantaneous system data and information (e.g. PMU data) Real time simulators p.18

19 5. Decision Support & Human Interface Potential Technology Gaps Conversion of data to actionable information Refer to Technology #3) Quick what if scenario tools Develop advanced PMU data applications e.g. Can PMU data from a wind farm be fed to a nearly replacement generating plant for automatic generation ramping? Ability to quickly predict future performance p.19

20 Nation Needs A Smarter and Strong Transmission Grid Challenges Increasing focus on renewable energy sources has highlighted weakness in the existing system and today s planning processes Concerns over the environmental impact of burning fossil fuels will continue to challenge the industry Existing transmission system: aging and in need of upgrades was not built to support competitive regional markets; is not adequate to meet future demand growth and integrate potential renewable generation resources not designed to be adaptive to major changes in supply or demand Opportunities Strategic and efficient expansion of the transmission grid, including development of a robust national EHV transmission system can better prepare the United States to address these challenges in a timely, cost effective and efficient manner In the middle of every difficulty lies an opportunity. Albert Einstein p.20

21 Nation Needs A Smarter and Stronger Transmission Grid Not All Transmission Solutions Are Created Equal Extra-high voltage (EHV), high-capacity, highly efficient interstate transmission backbone system provides unique benefits that sets it apart from lower voltage solutions: Improves transmission performance and reliability for large geographic regions, across multiple states and regions Enhances reliability, operational performance, reduces congestion and decreases costs to consumers Integrates large-scale renewable generation in remote areas and facilitates efficient movement of energy to load centers Provides long-term system benefits, flexibility to accommodate future variables, and avoids reliance on just in time transmission planning AEP s Vision for an Interstate Transmission System would establish EHV as the backbone of the US Transmission System p.21

22 Summary Transmission grid is already smart. Transmission industry is working to make it smarter. There are some technology gaps for the industry to address to make the grid smarter. New transmission infrastructure needs to be built to integrate renewable resources to provide relief to the aging assets p.22

23 Questions? p.23