Connectivity: the Key to the Smart Network

Transcription

1 Connectivity: the Key to the Smart Network Presentation to the IESO Smart Grid Forum August 19, 2008 Richard Bertolo Project Director Smart Networks Leonard Gross VP Engineering Smart Meters/Smart Networks Hydro One Networks 1

2 We are at a Tipping Point! Fact: According to the DOE Grid 2030 report, in the next 20 years, the U.S. will spend $450B on electric infrastructure; just to meet load growth. In Canada we have the same challenge. We have a choice Performance / Investment Power Delivery System of Today Grid Transformation Intelligent Grid Perpetuate a traditional 20 th Century Solution Source:Shpigler Group OR Invest in a 21st Century system that facilitates the digital age, improves reliability and security, enables productivity and economic growth, enables efficient use of electricity and promotes consumer services. 2

3 The Future 3

4 Smart = Automation Advanced automation of the Power System Decreasing Labour Requirement Increasing Performance & Safety Level 1: Basic Functional assist or protection Automobile: power steering Electrical: cutouts and fuses Level 2: Intelligent functional assist or protection Automobile: ABS brakes Electrical: automated reclosers Level 3: Full intelligent operation with human assistance Digital Cameras Electrical: SCADA Level 4: Full intelligent operation w/o human intervention Airplane: Autopilot Electrical: primary networks and microgrids HONI Dx LDC s HONI Tx Full Smart Network 4

5 Typical Smart Network Roadmap Basic Automation Moderate Automation Advance Automation Communication Network Wireless Radio Frequency Fiber Optics LAN PLC BPL IP/MPLS Advance Metering Infrastructure & I/O Devices SCADA / Data Collection RTU / Transmitters Advanced Meters Sensors Surveillance Cameras Supply Automation Controllers Monitoring Devices SCADA RTUs Switches Capacitors Volt/Var Control Supply Optimization and Control Sensors Filters Recloser Controls Capacitor Controls EMS Restoration System Smart Appliance Self-Healing Grid Self-Performance Optimization Robustness Preemptive Reaction to Potential Problems Self-Restoration Source:Shpigler Group For rural utilities, it s all predicated on upgraded Telecommunications! 5

6 SDG&E Smart Grid Study Priority Improvement Timing 1 Ethernet over Fibre WiMax private wireless Distribuition (Feeder) Automation Advanced Visualization Methods (POM,ROSE,FFS,OPM,etc) 5 GATECH IPIC Dynflo distributed series impedance sensors I-Grid Monitoring system Zigbee / WiMedia / WiFi - Wireless Advanced Grid Control Devices Consumer Portal Advanced Energy Storage Systems DER-based Microgrids Semi-autonomous Agents Agent and Multi-Agent Systems

7 Rotary-dial phones in an iphone world? Utilities need to upgrade their telecommunications infrastructure: Bandwidth new workers in 2010 will require more than 30 times the data bandwidth that the current radio systems provide CEA Distribution Roadmap Aging Infrastructure Taking the opportunity to refresh telecommunications assets with modern technologies as older equipment is retired is an important step to cost-effectively realising EnergyAustralia s intelligent electricity network vision. Smart Meters lead the way to Smart Networks There is no perfect communications method there is no single system today that covers the whole service area of a utility s grid, including adequate coverage to handle every meter and other device that might be deployed. Capgemini Smart Grid: Leveraging Technology to Transform T&D Operating Models "If Thomas Edison came back to life, he'd recognize our electric utility system immediately -- and that's not a good thing. Jesse Berst; publisher Smartgridnews.com 7

8 Telecommunications Assets Hydro One Networks Inc. 85,000 Transmission Towers 98 Microwave Towers 1.8 million poles 29,000 km s of Rights-of-Way 3,700 route kilometres of fibre Two internal provincial networks Power System (Sonet, Digital M/W, PMR) Administrative network Hydro One Telecom Inc. Non-dominant commercial carrier 7/24 NOC operated for Hydro One Networks However, Tx focussed! 8

9 Leveraging Assets 9

10 The Dx Connectivity Gap Location of Equipment Fibre Optic Backhaul Optional VSAT backhaul SU Various Applications Optional Cellular to backhaul AMC Optional Customer Internet to backhaul HAN Microwave Backhaul Base Station Relay Station Subscriber Unit AMC M M M CORE P-P RS RS SU AMC Typical Applicaitons Corporate and Operational Data Networks Point-Multipoint Base stations Transmission and Generation Teleprotection Transmission and Generation SCADA Metering Collector (aggregator) AMC Industrial Meters WAN P-MP Transmission, Distribution, and Generation SCADA Video Surveillance Mobile Dispatch Corporate and Operational Data Networks Wireless = Value Release LAN MESH Meters Distribution Automation Devices (Limited by meter network capabilities) Fault Detectors HAN Home Area Network Conservation & Energy Management Devices 10

11 Why does the gap exist? Ontario Telco Landscape uncertain Bell privatization puts into question investment in rural Ontario Existing infrastructure aging deteriorating services Other carriers focused on major Ontario centres Foreign ownership restrictions still in question Industry Canada Rural deployments are lagging Spectrum auctions set for record pricing urban focus! Soliciting utility opinions potentially bridging the digital divide FCC Wireless and telco lobbyists winning the day Other Canadian Utilities Similar challenges.large, rural service territory Recognition of need for broader communications network deployments to begin to address NERC/CyberSecurity compliance and Smart Networking 11

12 Applications Business Applications Collaboration Applications Application Delivery Application Oriented Networking Services Unified Communications Security Services Network Services Integrated Management Services Mobility Services Compute Services Storage Services Identity Services Network Infrastructure Virtualization Network Systems Campus Data Center Branch Building in Stages Upgraded Communications Smart Metering Utility Applications Data Management Evolving into AMI with the addition of disconnect ability Platform for CDM initiatives Securing Spectrum Leverage existing towers and fibre Dx Automation DG integration Mobile Worker enablement Cornerstone Border Patrol 12 Increasing Evolution of a Smart Network Deploy a smart metering/network solution that meets the Ministry of Energy s requirements at the lowest possible cost and is an enabler for other business processes and transformations

13 Smart Metering Initiative The Anchor Tennant of the Smart Network 13

14 Smart Metering System 14

15 Network Requirements & Speed PLC Cellular WiMax (Backhaul) Low BW Meters WiMax (Backhaul) WiFi HotSpot WiMax (Backhaul) High BW Home 2 Mbps Basic Basic + In-home 1 Services 2 -AMR - kwh, kw, kva - Remote Disconnect - Outage Detection Connect - Meter Management - Load Limiting - Real-time Outage - Theft Detection Management - Load Control - In-home display - Multi-Utility AMR - LDC AMR - Home Security 1200 bps Bandwidth Growth Basic + In-home Services 3+ Hydro One Backhaul - Power Quality - Feeder Analysis - Station Monitoring SCADA - Office Backhaul Field Workers, Offices & Homes Meters Basic + In-home Services + Hydro 4One Backhaul + Mobile Office - Mobile Dispatch - Mobile Time Reporting - Mobile Accomplishment Reporting - Mobile Asset Condition & Defect Reporting - Safety Monitoring - Fleet Management - Asset Security - Cellular Paging - Optimized Dispatch - Automated Map Updates Basic + In-home Services 5+ Hydro One Backhaul + Mobile Office + Rural Broadband - Residential Broadband - MUSH Broadband **Value Added Services 15

16 Communications Options Power Line Carrier (PLC) Cellular-based Data Networks (GSM/GPRS, CDMA/1xRTT) Private Wireless Network (WiMAX, Canopy, etc.) Unlicensed Wireless Network (900 MHz, 2.4GHz) Private Fibre Optic Network Satellite Shared local Infrastructure (i.e. PSTN, 3rd Party ISP) 16

17 Hydro One s Technology Choice In the Smart Metering RFP conducted in 2005, it was recognized that there was no singular choice to solve its geographic reach. Hydro One selected the following Metering technologies: SmartSynch/Rogers as its interim vendor for initial deployments Trilliant Networks to be its primary vendor for Smart Meters in its mass deployment Cannon Technologies/Itron for its Power Line Carrier (PLC) vendor The selection was primarily based on the following: Utilize interim approved solution to reach immediate deployment objectives Perform mass-deployment utilizing a standards-based cost effective technology (Trilliant); anticipated to be around 85-90% of overall deployment Utilize PLC to reach remote communities Ability to leverage implementation for Smart Network applications 17

18 Mesh Network Architecture Terrestrial or Point-to-point wireless Links Cellular Basestation (BTS) Packet Data Serving Node (PDSN) IP VPN (MPN) Wireless Network T hydroone MeshReader MeshGate Internet WAN Connection(1x/ Mesh Network Links Cellular Network Network-to-Network Interconnections MeshRepeater Regional Collector (MeshGate) Communications Module (Meters, Repeaters, etc.) 18

19 Digital Technology Meter Circuitry Trilliant Module -Radio -Memory Super Cap - Last gasp for outages 19

20 Regional Collector Trilliant PoleGate Regional Collector 20

21 Field-Installed Regional Collector 21

22 Bell Mobility Network Coverage 22

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24 Network Planning Example - Orleans 24

25 Orleans Production Area 25

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27 Drive Test Result - Brampton 27

28 Connectivity Proof of Concept Two way communications network required for Smart Metering as per MOE/AMI specification Equipment must be built to open standards, scaleable and be available from multiple vendors Reduce high cost of last mile leased telecom facilities (if even available) to control rural distribution assets in near real time Gain operating efficiencies for the utility multiple initiatives WiMax provides the best fit. 28

29 WiMax Test Site 29

30 Proof of Concept: Smart meters Mobility Safety Dx Automation Security CDM 30

31 Dedicated Spectrum is required! Spectrum is controlled by Industry Canada recent media attention on the $4.5B AWS auction of 105 MHz. Non-Existing/Deteriorating services outside urban areas. Lack of ubiquitous rural broadband tough business case for telco s Telco infrastructure is aging Service levels are deteriorating Utilities are force majeur entities, wireless carriers are not! Wireless Carrier's focused on Triple/Quad/??? Plays Focus is on high density urban markets Offer of tower/fibre utilization rejected! For large service territories propagation is key Sub 2GHz is ideal. 31

32 Electricity underpins our Digital Economy! Natural disasters impact electric grids which require quick restoration.economic impact! Electric Utilities Terrorism against electrical infrastructure must be prevented. Lack of electricity impedes first-responders efforts. Police, Fire & Ambulance Gas and Water Utility CEA and UTCC submissions have highlighted the need for Critical Infrastructure requirements! Disaster Response 32

33 Industry Canada listened. Prior CEA submissions had set the stage Joint submission under UTCC by BC Hydro, AltaLink, Manitoba Hydro, Hydro Quebec and Hydro One requested specific spectrum Submissions focussed on new data centric environment requiring dedicated spectrum to enable telecommunications upgrades for Critical Infrastructure Model developed based on utility functionality Identifiable applications Leveraging existing infrastructure Utilizing accepted RF techniques Model built on Hydro One experience base but validated by other Canadian, as well as American, ICT utility professionals 33

34 Workings of the Model Network design parameters driven by existing experimental spectrum utilization results in Hydro One test bed Energy Conservation Utilizing 3 different topography s approximates most of Canadian electric service territories Station Security Wireless Spectrum Real Time Outage Management Primarily data driven versus traditional voice models Distribution Automation Mobile Workforce 34

35 Distributed Generation 35

36 Renewable Generation Interest Areas In Ontario Southern Ontario Northern Ontario 36

37 Application Request Status NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MONTHLY REQUESTS TOTAL CUMULATIVE New Generation Connection Assessment Requests November December 2007 WIND SOLAR OTHER TOTAL - month TOTAL - cumul. 37

38 OCE Micro-Grid Project Ontario Centres of Excellence, Hydro One, Milton Hydro and Energent partnering in project A Micro-Grid is made up from electricity production and consumption devices, control and information systems of an individual customer location Project will offer electricity management information and control for Micro-Grids Industrial, commercial, residential and farm customers included in project Micro-Grids integrated into Hydro One / Milton Hydro Smart Grids 38

39 Future: Smart Home 39

40 Station Security 40

41 New Security Concerns Station Security NERC requirements for access within the station (between buildings/zones) Station theft issues (e.g. copper theft) Cybersecurity New IEC automation (IP-based) being implemented within the stations necessitate network security measures for NERC compliance 41

42 The real cause of power outages A lesser known cause of occasional power failures. This was filmed by covert power company investigators. Pylons were filmed without their knowledge. 42

43 Nomadic Workforce 43

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45 Distribution Automation 45

46 Station Monitoring 46

47 Automated Line Reclosers The purpose of automatic reclosers are to re-energize a distribution line section in the event of a transient fault Today, reclosers are automated with a preset logic/algorithm to operate depending on voltage and time conditions A pilot is underway to add direct remote operations through a communications system Overall benefit is Improved customer restoration times and increased system reliability 47

48 25-30 MHz is required Current bandwidth requirements drive the need Utility Applications OFDM Modulation Scheme Future requirements can be met with improved spectral efficiencies 25-30Mhz 6 Sector Network Design 48

49 MHz! Industry Canada has issued a Public Consultation Comments submitted August 6 th Working within existing SRSP s to expedite assume Q Existing fee structure for now. Upon completion this will set a precedent for global utilities! Continue discussions with Vendors re WiMax ecosystem development Continuing to explore alternatives to provide economic connectivity Targeting deployment in 2009! 49

50 Conceptual WiMax Network Based on 30 Km Radius. Black Circles = Existing Microwave & PMR Towers. Red Circles = HV and third party towers. 50

51 Thank you. 51