Smart Grid. Carbon Masters Whatcom County Extension October, Anjan Bose Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA

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1 Smart Grid Anjan Bose Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA Carbon Masters Whatcom County Extension October, 2010

2 What is a SMART Grid? Self-heals Motivates and includes the consumer Resists attack Provides power quality for 21 st century needs Accommodates all generation and storage options Enables markets Optimizes assets and operates efficiently

3 Transmission vs Distribution Smart Meters Demand side load control Distribution automation (including two-way flow) Micro-grids Real-time pricing The above are on the low voltage end On the high voltage grid: Prevent cascading blackouts Wide-area control

4 Recent Stimulus Project Smart Grid Demonstration Northwest/Avista/Pullman/WSU Pullman will be a Smart City Smart meters for all customers Schweitzer facilities as a microgrid WSU campus as a microgrid WSU campus new instrumentation and controls WSU and Avista control center communications WSU generation on call by Avista WSU major loads visible to Avista WSU smart house demonstration WSU conducts before/after analysis

5 Smart Grid Demonstration Project College of Engineering and Architecture

6 DMS - Service Reliability Benefits FDIR Fault Detection Isolation & Recovery 5-6 feeder trunk outages/yr Improved fault location & response time All Outages 650 Incidents 97,074 Customer-hrs Feeder Lockouts 24 Incidents (4%) 88,201 Customer-hrs (91%) FDIR Reduction 24 Incidents (4%) 44,100 Customer-hrs (45%) 1/04 to 5/08

7 AMI - Advanced Metering Infrastructure Itron OpenWay 14,000 Residential / Commercial Electric Meters 6,000 Residential / Commercial Gas Meter Registers Wireless communication w/ fiber backhaul Remote service switch Back office software systems

8 AMI - Benefits Benefits Increased System Efficiency Enhance Customer Service Improved Energy Efficiency Real Time System Data Customer voltage provides Improved CVR energy reduction On demand reads open & close reads Outage notification Service call out reduction Provides energy data for customers to better manage energy. In-home display and web portal Monitoring and modeling of resources Rate studies

9 Home Area Network Home Area Network In-home display Regional Transactional Signal Detailed plan by midsummer Support by WUTC

10 Communications Infrastructure Backhaul Fiber to Pullman TBD Wireless Network overlaying Pullman area AMI Meter mesh network RF LAN 900MHz to HAN - ZigBEE In-Home displays Smart Thermostats Load Control Units

11 Washington State University Grimes Way Generator 1,2 & 3 Dispatch Loop Chillers Load Shed HVAC Load Shed/EMS/CVR (McKinstry) Biotechnology Life-Science Generator Dispatch Global Animal Health Backup Power College Avenue Steam Plant Automation

12 Washington State University WSU Smart Home Research WSU Analysis & Reporting

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15 Balancing Authorities College of Engineering and Architecture

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17 2003 August Blackout 50 million people in US and Canada from New York City to Detroit Service restored in a couple of days 50 million people blacked out a month later in Italy Although not as severe, the number of blackouts (large disturbances) are increasing

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19 KATRINA College of Engineering and Architecture

20 KATRINA Forecast College of Engineering and Architecture

21 Entergy New Orleans projects approximately half of their customers may be unable to take service without significant reconstruction Orleans Network 23,000 Mid-City Lakeview CBD Lower 9 th Ward New Orleans East East Orleans Network 64,000 Chalmette Network 30,000 St. Bernard West Bank Network (not depicted) 6,000

22 RITA Forecast College of Engineering and Architecture

23 KATRINA/RITA Restoration

24 Smart Grid Promise New sensor, communication, control technologies are available Implementing these technologies into a smart grid is a challenge The communication infrastructure to move this data has to be built The software infrastructure to handle the data has to be built Only then can the smart grid applications be implemented