WINLAB IAB Meeting June 10, 2005

Transcription

1 WINLAB IAB Meeting June 10, 2005 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Contact: Professor D. Raychaudhuri, Director 1

2 WINLAB STATUS UPDATE 2

3 WINLAB Status Update WINLAB activity snapshot as of Spring 2005: ~25 faculty/staff (15 academic faculty + 10 research staff/adjunct faculty) ~45 graduate students ~14 companies in corporate sponsor program 25,000 sq-ft in facilities, including new Tech Center II building Industry funding ~$1M (including both annual sponsorship and focus projects) $3M+ federal research funding, mostly from NSF ~$500K in NJ State + Rutgers funding (...RU portion increasing in FY05) Total funding level ~$4.5M in FY 04 (...300% increase over FY 01) 3

4 Status Update: Faculty List 6/05 Radio/ Modem Technology Radio Resource Management & Wireless Systems Mobile Network Architecture & Protocols Sensor Nets & Pervasive Computing Y. Lu M. Bushnell B. Ackland 1 P. Spasojevic L. Greenstein R. Rajnarayan (Research Engineer) K. Wine (Research Engineer) P. Henry (AT&T Labs)* R. Yates C. Rose N. Mandayam D. Frenkiel Z. Gajic L. Razoumov (Intel)* Students: PhD 10 MS 4 D. Raychaudhuri W. Trappe I. Seskar (Assoc Dir IT) R. Siracusa (Research Specialist) 1 M. Ott 1 R. Howard 1 S. Paul (Edgix)* H. Liu (Thomson)* A. Acharya (IBM)* 9/04 3/05 M. Gruteser B. Nath H. Hirsh M. Parashar Y. Zhang R. Martin Students: PhD 3 MS 4 Students: PhD 5 MS 3 Students: PhD 8 MS 6 * Adjunct Prof 1 Part-time position 4

5 Status Update: Sponsor Program Currently ~13 sponsor companies Recently added 1 new sponsor: US Army CECOM Target no more than ~10-15 companies, with close engagement ~2-3 industry focus projects currently in progress MIMO Infostations (STTR for ARL) 3G Security (NICT, Japan) Carrier ad-hoc networks (under discussion with NTT DoCoMo) Increasing collaboration with sponsors on large Govt proposals NSF MIMO project (DAPHNE) - Lucent ORBIT wireless networking testbed Thomson, Lucent, IBM Cognitive radio algorithms and hardware Lucent More joint proposals with sponsor/partner companies on key topics Cognitive radio Philips, GNU Radio, Raytheon Pervasive computing, sensor systems TBD 5

6 Status Update: Industry Sponsors 6/05 * Panasonic US Army CECOM Aruba Networks, * PnP Networks, Semandex Networks Mayflower Inc. *Research Partners 6

7 Status Update: Sponsor Program Seeking more long-term research collaboration with sponsors Now that we have invested in critical technology areas, new labs and a larger, more qualified student pool, we invite sponsors to work more closely with us: Specific focus projects on topics of mutual interest Contributions to existing projects such as ORBIT or NSF future Internet project Joint proposals to future NSF, DARPA, DHS or DoD RFP s Visiting researchers, short sabbatical leaves, etc. Sponsored students, post-docs and student internships ORBIT facility (~11,000 sq-ft in Rt 1 Tech Center bldg) has adequate space for research visitors Also starting to work more actively with early stage incubations, startup companies and joint ventures... 7

8 Status Update: WINLAB Activity Model & Tech Transfer Sponsor Fees, & Govt basic research funds Core Research Areas New system concepts, IPR, Tech Reports, Sponsor meetings, Software tools, etc. Additional Project Support DARPA Projects (e.g. Infostations) Major Major NSF NSF Projects Projects (e.g. (e.g. ORBIT) ORBIT) NJCST Project (e.g. MUSE) Usually involves partnerships with sponsor companies And other universities Focus Focus Project(s) Project(s) with with Sponsor Sponsor Companies Companies Corp R&D Pre-commercial technology Activities to be carried out at Tech Center II Industry, venture funds, NJCST, Technology Transfer Projects Technology Transfer Projects 8

9 Status Update: Research Program 6/05 Research projects in 4 broad areas of wireless technology radio propagation and modem design radio research management (RRM) wireless networks and protocols mobile computing Major NSF projects on future wireless networks (ORBIT), spectrum, cognitive radio, MIMO, sensors and security/privacy Numerous smaller projects (both NSF and industry) on topics ranging from WLAN enhancements and 3G scheduling to network coding and location services. Strategic future directions: wireless ecosystems, security, nextgeneration Internet and pervasive systems... 9

10 Status Update: WINLAB Research Direction MSC Custom Mobile Infrastructure (e.g. GSM, 3G) BTS Public Switched Network (PSTN) BSC VOIP WLAN Access Point Internet (IP-based) Generic mobile infrastructure BTS Infostation cache WLAN Hot-Spot Research Themes: Super-fast short range radios UWB, MIMO Sensor devices/soc 4G radio & next-gen WLAN Spectrum coordination Unified mobility protocols Ad-hoc network RRM, MAC and routing protocols Ad-hoc net QoS & security Sensor net software models Centralized control distributed etc. CDMA, GSM or 3G radio access network Research Themes: Faster radios Interference issues Power control 3G Scheduling Handoff algorithms WLAN MAC 3G/WLAN interworking Security Mobile content etc. Broadband Media cluster (e.g. UWB or MIMO) Ad-hoc network extension VOIP (dual-mode) Today Future? Low-tier clusters (e.g. low power sensor) 10

11 Status Update: Research Areas Cognitive Radio Wireless Sensors Radio Platforms Pervasive Computing Application Pervasive Computing Application Agent 2 Agent 1 Agent 3 Wireless Network Testbed Overlay Network for Dynamic Agent <-> Sensor Association Ad-Hoc Networks Sensor Cluster B Sensor Cluster A Resource Discovery Ad-hoc Routing OS/Process Scheduling Run-time Environment (network OS) Wireless/Sensor Net Software & Security Packet delivery reliablilty 1 Original CR, denisty 1 CR, denisty 2 CR, denisty 4 CR, denisty Normalized distance of AB System Analysis & Theory Mobile Computing 11

12 Status Update: Wireless Roadmap System Applications 3G Cellular WLAN office/home home media networks 3G/WLAN Hybrid public WLAN Mobile Internet open systems 4G Systems Ad-Hoc & P2P Pervasive Systems Sensor Nets Protocols & Software GSM, GPRS services 3G services Mobile WLAN services Cellular VOIP gateway 3G/WLAN interworking WLAN security, enterprise Mobile Internet Services & Content Delivery IP-based Mobile Network Next-Gen WLAN (including ad-hoc mesh) Hardware Platforms Cellular handset, BTS WLAN card/ap Bluetooth module* 3G Base Station Router Commodity BTS Mesh Router* Embedded Radio (wireless sensors) Self-Organizing Ad-Hoc Radio Router Multi-standard Cognitive Radio* Basic Wireless Technologies Broadband Cellular (3G) WLAN (802.11a,b,g) ~2 Mbps WCDMA ~11 Mbps QPSK/QAM ~ 1 Mbps Bluetooth IP-based Cellular Network (B3G) ad-hoc/mesh Sensor radios (Zigbee, Mote) ~10 Mbps OFDM ~50 Mbps OFDM WLAN+ (802.11e,n) ~100 Mbps UWB dynamic spectrum sharing Unified Wireless Access + IP-based core network ~100 Mbps OFDM/CDMA ~200 Mbps MIMO/OFDM ~500 Mbps UWB

13 Status Update: WINLAB R&D map ORBIT Wireless Network Testbed System Prototypes Infostations Prototypes (i-media, emergency response) MUSE System Prototypes MIMO Infostation Adaptive Radio Network Prototype Protocols & Software Ad-hoc routing 3G/WLAN Interworking Content Routing in mobile networks Self-organizing Ad-hoc network Wireless security e,n protocols Sensor net Privacy Ad-hoc net with QoS Spectrum etiquette and adaptive radio net protocols Core Technology SDR Prototype Multimodal ZnO sensor UWB PHY/MAC nx100 Mbps OFDM Radio Low-power b Multimodal sensor-on-silicon (MUSE) module/chip Network-centric Cognitive radio HW Algorithms, Analysis & Simulation Interference avoidance, RRM 3G/4G PHY/MAC (RRM, scheduling, etc.) OFDM Spectrum rights & management UWB Sensor net models MIMO networks Ad-hoc net RRM Unlicensed spectrum algorithms

14 Status Update: Major Projects Several major research and technology transfer projects currently being carried out at WINLAB Major government projects Dynamic spectrum management (NSF ITR, 02-05) Multimodal Sensor-on-Silicon: MUSE (NJCST, 02-07) ORBIT: Open-Access Research Testbed for Wireless Networks (NSF NRT project, 03-07) joint with Columbia, Princeton, Lucent, IBM, Thomson MIMO networks/daphne (NSF grant, 03-06) joint with Princeton & NJIT Cognitive Radio hardware & algorithms (NSF NeTS grants, 04-07) joint with GA Tech and Bell Labs Privacy and security in sensor nets (NSF NeTS grant, 04-07) Industry supported focus projects Security in next-generation wireless networks (NICT, Japan 02-06) MIMO Infostations Prototype for Army (Mayflower/ARL, 04-05) ORBIT Tech Transfer (Intel, DoD, 05-06) 14

15 Status Update: Federal Proposals Several new proposals submitted or under development for NSF ITR, NSF NeTS and DARPA, including Software API & sockets for sensor nets NSF NeTS NOSS Spectrum measurements NSF NeTS ProWIN Collaborative radio teams (ACERT) DARPA Internet spectrum server NSF NeTS ProWIN Ad-hoc emergency response networks DHS (with Columbia U) Started work on future Internet planning project for NSF involves over 20 key networking researchers from various universities and research labs Starting work on wireless ecosystems ERC focusing on migration from centralized to distributed systems. Major effort planned for Fall 05 leading to NSF proposal in Nov 15

16 Status Update: NJ State Projects NJ State funding for R&D going through major changes: Emphasizing tech transfer and jobs rather than basic research MUSE (sensor on silicon) project year 3 funded at 50% level, but center of excellence program being phased out by NJCST Tech Center II now in a state enterprise zone and thus qualifies for special programs for incubation and technology transfer support from NJ EDA Working on a proposal for a wireless technology center of NJ that would develop technology cores, transfer WINLAB results and provide specialized services to companies/ventures Opportunities for co-location of joint venture or wireless activity at EDA Tech Center Facility 16

17 Research Highlights 17

18 Spectrum Management: Problem Scope Spectrum Coordination Server (dynamic) BTS Etiquette policy Short-range ad-hoc net INTERNET Dynamic frequency provisioning Spectrum Allocation Rules (static) Auction Server (dynamic) Spectrum Coordination protocols Spectrum Coordination protocols Wide-area infrastructure mode network (e.g ) AP Short-range infrastructure mode network (e.g. WLAN) Ad-hoc sensor cluster (low-power, high density) Dense deployment of wireless devices, both wide-area and shortrange Proliferation of multiple radio technologies, e.g a,b,g, UWB, , 4G, etc. How should spectrum allocation rules evolve to achieve high efficiency? Available options include: Agile radios (interference avoidance) Dynamic centralized allocation methods Distributed spectrum coordination (etiquette) Collaborative ad-hoc networks 18

19 Wireless Architecture: Cognitive Radio Based Adaptive Networks Cognitive radio drives consideration of adaptive wireless networks involving multi-hop collaboration between radio nodes Needs Internet support similar to ad-hoc network discussed earlier Rapid changes in network topology, PHY bit-rate, etc. implications for routing Fundamentally cross-layer approach need to consider wired net boundary High-power cognitive radios may themselves serve as Internet routers INTERNET INTERNET C Bootstrapped PHY & control link B D D E AA End-to-end routed path From A to F F 19

20 Cognitive Radio: Hardware Platforms Next-generation software-defined radio supporting fast spectrum scanning, adaptive control of modulation waveforms and collaborative network processing Facilitates efficient unlicensed band coordination and multi-standard compatibility between radio devices Megarray Connector- 244 Configurable I/O pins XC2V6000 FPGA TMS320C BaseT Ethernet MPC8260 Bell Laboratories Software Defined Radio (Baseband Processor) Courtesy of Dr. T. Sizer 20

21 Cognitive Radio: Hardware Platform Requirements include: Agile radio I/O Software defined modem Network Processor ~Ghz spectrum scanning, - Etiquette policy processing - PHY layer adaptation (per pkt) - Ad-hoc network discovery Wakeup Clock Mgmt - Multi-hop routing ~100 Mbps+ radio A/D D/A Packet Buffer DRAM) radio A/D D/A Baseband FPGA Baseband Processor Core (DSP) Packet FPGA radio A/D D/A SRAM Host (CR Strategies) Local ethernet drop WINLAB s network centric concept for cognitive radio prototype (..under development in collaboration with GA Tech & Lucent Bell Labs) 21

22 Ad-Hoc Network: Discovery Protocol Creates efficient ad-hoc network topology just above MAC layer in order to reduce burden on routing protocol Internet Self-organized ad-hoc network AP coverage area Forwarding Node (FN) FN AP FN Access Point (AP) AP Low-tier access links (AP/FN Beacons, MN Associations, Data) MN Low-tier (e.g. sensor) Mobile Node (MN) MN MN FN MN MN MN MN FN coverage area MN Ad-hoc infrastructure links between FNs and APs (AP/FN Beacons, FN Associations, Routing Exchanges, Data) AP Source MAC Broadcast MAC Node ID Packet Type Cluster ID Sequence Number Node Type FN Scan all channels Find minimum delay links to AP Set up routes to AP Send beacons Forward SN data Hops To AP Transmit Power FN Assoc Channel 2 Transmit Power Required: 1mW Beacon Beacon Channel 4 Transmit Power Required: 4mW SN Scan all channels Associate with FN/AP Send data Beacon Frame Format 22

23 Ad-Hoc Networks : SOHAN Results System Parameters: 0.9 sq. km, 20 mobiles/sensors, 4 FNs, 2 APs a with multiple freqs Mapping on to ORBIT Radio grid emulator AP FN MN Flat Hierarchical Total System Throughput for flat and hierarchical topologies Flat Hierarchical Hierarchical System Throughput (Mbps) System offered load (Mbps) Flat SOHAN system evaluated for urban mesh deployment scenario with ~25 nodes Results show that system scales well and significantly outperforms flat ad-hoc routing (AODV) 23

24 Ad-Hoc MAC: D-LSMA Scheduling A B C RTS CTS DATA A E D Classified flows B C Scheduler Upper MAC D E to C RTS retransmit to C to E to C to E to C to E D-LSMA Lower MAC t 0 t 1 t 2 T Link scheduling to allow parallel transmissions, solves exposed node useful for QoS on ad-hoc FN-FN infrastructure in hierarchical systems Distributed scheduling algorithm (upper MAC), using based lower MAC 24

25 Wireless Architecture: Sensor Nets and Pervasive Systems Compute & Storage Servers Pervasive Application Agents User interfaces for information & control Mobile Internet (IP-based) Overlay Pervasive Network Services Sensor net/ip gateway 3G/4G BTS GW Ad-Hoc Sensor Net A Sensor/ Actuator Relay Node Ad-Hoc Sensor Net B Virtualized Physical World Object or Event 25

26 Pervasive Systems: Key Technologies Application Agents IP IP Network Network Content-Based Routing Caching, Dynamic Binding Application Server Content Router IP Routing IP Network Gateway Application Ad-Hoc Net Protocols Caching, Dynamic Binding Content-Based Routing Wireless Access Point Infostation (wireless cache) Ad-Hoc Net Protocols Radio Forwarding Node Application Caching, Dynamic Binding Content-Based Routing Adaptive CR Net Protocols Ad-Hoc Net Protocols PHY Adaptation TinyOS Wireless Sensors Future Cognitive Radio CR Software Platform 26

27 Sensor Hardware: Multimodal ZnO device Tunable ZnO sensor prototype developed: Can be reset to increase sensitivity, e.g. in liquids or gas Dual mode (acoustic and UV optic) Applicable to variety of sensing needs 2DEG mesa Sensing device with chemically selective receptor coating REF. Mixer Sensor output Gate voltage input 2DEG Ground 2DEG mesa SAW IDT Courtesy of: Prof Y. Lu, Rutgers U 27

28 Pervasive Applications: Highway Safety Sensors in roadway interact with sensor/actuator in cars Opportunistic, attribute-based binding of sensors and cars Ad-hoc network with dynamically changing topology Closed-loop operation with tight real-time and reliability constraints 28

29 Pervasive Systems: Software Model Sensor net scenarios require a fundamentally new software model ( not TCP/IP or web!!): Large number of context-dependent sources/sensors with unknown IP address Content-driven networking ( not like TCP/IP client-server!) Distributed, collaborative computing between sensor clusters Varying wireless connectivity and resource levels Pervasive Computing Application Pervasive Computing Application Agent 1 Agent 2 Agent 3 Sensor Net Software Model Overlay Network for Dynamic Agent <-> Sensor Association Sensor Cluster A Sensor Cluster B Run-time Environment (network OS) Resource Discovery Ad-hoc Routing OS/Process Scheduling 29

30 ORBIT Testbed: Radio Grid 64-node radio grid prototype at Busch Campus (8/04) 400-node radio grid system at Tech Center II (under construction 5/05) 30

31 ORBIT: Field Trial System Lucent Base Station Router with IP interface Open API a,b,g ORBIT radio node 31

32 Web Sites for More Information: WINLAB: ORBIT: 32