Optical switching for scalable and programmable data center networks
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1 Optical switching for scalable and programmable data center networks Paraskevas Bakopoulos National Technical University of Athens Photonics Communications Research pbakop@mail.ntua.gr
2 Please mind the (speed) gap datacenter traffic grows at 25% per year. Ethernet speed grows at ~17% per year. datacenter size growing: Amazon EC2 #server racks up 61.9% from 2012 to 2014 need new paradigms to bridge the growing speed gap 25% CAGR
3 Optical switching to the resque The good transparent low power MEMS module: 150 mw 36 port state-of-the-art switch: 136 W low latency availability of large switches The bad Scalability reconfiguration time: speed vs. port count tradeoff programmability buffer-less: need scheduling no one-to-one association of optical & electronic switches how to integrate in SDN context? cost, supply chain currently tailored to telecom applications 1x4 WSS, 50 GHz grid 320 port optical switch 2x2 switch, ns-speed hybrid DCN
4 The NEPHELE Data Center Network POD: self-contained small DC (~2,560 servers) further scalable by connecting multiple pods in a WDM ring slotted (TDMA) operation for dynamicity network consolidation over a single Ethernet optical network
5 The NEPHELE Architecture wavelength switching in the pod: tunable Tx < 10 ns switching time (200 μs packets) λ 1 λ 2 W W AWG λ 1,λ 2 coupler coupler 1 2 switch λ 1 Rx Rx λ 2 Tx λ 1,λ 2
6 The NEPHELE Architecture space + wavelength switching in the ring coupler 1 2WSS coupler coupler λ 1,λ 2 λ 1,λ 2 W W AWG W W AWG λ 1 λ switch coupler coupler Tx λ 1,λ 2 λ 1 λ 2 Rx Rx
7 The NEPHELE Architecture space + wavelength switching in the ring: WSS DLP WSS, 10 μs switching time 1 2 switch-based WSS, 10 ns switching time
8 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Intra-pod communication λ 1 = nm (ch15) λ 2 = nm (ch30)
9 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Intra-pod communication error-free up to BER measurement limit 10-7 work in progress
10 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Inter-pod communication
11 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Inter-pod communication: experiment 1 - WSS λ 1 λ 2 λ 1 λ 2 λ 2 λ 2 λ 1 λ 1 λ 1 λ 2 λ 1 λ 2 λ 2 λ 2 λ 1 λ 1 to ring
12 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Inter-pod communication: experiment 1 error-free up to BER measurement limit 10-7 work in progress to local pod
13 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Inter-pod communication: experiment 2 full link
14 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Inter-pod communication: experiment 2 full link
15 Evaluation of NEPHELE DCN Inter-pod communication: experiment 2 to ring to local pod error-free up to BER measurement limit 10-7 work in progress
16 Programming the NEPHELE DCN Pod 1 SRC Pod: 1 DST Pod: Pod 2 Pod 3 Pod 5 Pod 8 Pod 9 Pod 11 time TDMA scheduler sub-second latency K. Christodoulopoulos, et. al., Bandwidth Allocation in the NEPHELE Hybrid Optical Interconnect ICTON 2016 Integration with SDN abstraction of optical switching components (information models) translation of TDMA schedule into OpenFlow commands integration with open source frameworks
17 NEPHELE SDN Framework Cloud Management Platform Virtual Storage Controller Orchestrator Virtual Network Controller VM controller northbound interface SDN controller southbound interface OpenFlow messages OF agent OF agent OF agent
18 Introducing more flexibility Replace static filters Coherent receiver validated in slotted metro network context prohibitive cost for datacenter applications Phase-agnostic coherent receiver Retains wavelength-selective properties of coherent detection. Ignores phase information (not relevant in DCN) Avoids DSP for phase estimation Rectifier for envelope detection
19 Network design replaces AWGRs with couplers EDFAs to compensate loss relaxes scheduling limitations allows multicasting to ToRs pod WSS Optical Pod switch WSS 1x64 Splitter 1x64
20 Network validation simulation add-drop functionality for the WDM Optical Ring channel selection in every pod receiver demonstrate cascadeability for 20 pods
21 Transmitter side Network validation Experiment * Phase-Agnostic Coherent Receiver Channel 1 before rectifier circuit rectifier emulated in MATLAB wavelength selectivity demonstrated error-free up to BER measurement limit 10-7 *K. Tokas et. al., A Scalable Optically-Switched Datacenter Network with Multicasting, EuCNC 2016
22 Conclusions Outlook Optical Switching for Data Center Networks potential to solve a daunting problem scalable architectures sought to overcome hardware idiosyncrasy NEPHELE scalable architecture demonstrated with COTS components University of California, Berkeley integration into SDN context in progress more forward looking schemes can leverage progress in photonic integration consolidation across the value chain is necessary for viable, programmable network solutions data plane SDN control plane application layer
23 Thank You! Paraskevas Bakopoulos National Technical University of Athens Photonics Communications Research pbakop@mail.ntua.gr Acknowledgements This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No (NEPHELE) This presentation reflects only the speaker s view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
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