A QoS Provisioning mechanism of Real-time Wireless USB Transfers for Smart HDTV Multimedia Services

Transcription

1 A QoS Provisioig mechaism of Real-time Wireless USB Trasfers for Smart HDTV Multimedia Services Ji-Woo im 1, yeog Hur 2, Jog-Geu Jeog 3, Dog Hoo Lee 4, Moo Sog Yeu 5, Yeowoo Lee 6 ad Seog Ro Lee 7 1 Istitute Research of Iformatio Sciece ad Egieerig, Mokpo Natioal Uiversity, South orea, jji300@gmail.com 2 Departmet of Computer Educatio, Gyeogi Natioal Uiversity of Educatio, khur@giue.ac.kr 3 Divisio of Electrical Egieerig, Iformatio Scieces & Covergece Research, Natioal Research Foudatio of orea (NRF), South orea, jkjeog@rf.re.kr 4 Divisio of Electrical Egieerig, Iformatio Scieces & Covergece Research, Natioal Research Foudatio of orea (NRF), South orea, dhlee@rf.re.kr 5 Program Director, Divisio of Electrical Egieerig, Iformatio Scieces & Covergece Research, Natioal Research Foudatio of orea (NRF), South orea, msyeu@rf.re.kr 6 Departmet of Iformatio Commuicatio Egieerig, Mokpo Natioal Uiversity, South orea, ylee@mokpo.ac.kr 7 Departmet of Iformatio Sciece ad Electroic Egieerig, Mokpo Natioal Uiversity, South orea, srlee@mokpo.ac.kr Abstract. Wireless USB (WUSB) is the USB techology merged with WiMedia PHY/MAC. WUSB ca be applied to WPAN applicatios as well as PAN applicatios like wired USB. However the curret WUSB protocol ca t provide resource allocatio scheme to respod to chages of available resource as well as resource allocatio scheme for saturated wireless chael. This problem causes the critical problems i QoS provisioig to multimedia streams, sice multimedia applicatio geerate high data rates ad ca easily saturate the badwidth eve at the rates provided by UWB trasmissios. Therefore, we propose resource allocatio scheme to respod to chages of available resource as well as resource allocatio scheme for saturated WUSB chael. eywords: UWB, HDTV, Home Network, WPAN, Wireless USB 1 Itroductio The situatio that multiple WUSB (Wireless USB) clusters share oe superframe ca occur i several places such as office ad school that ca be used various PCs ad office equipmets. Also, multiple adjacet WUSB clusters cause the iterferece amog WUSB clusters by device s mobility or chages i the wireless eviromet. I other words, available resource i superframe ca be chaged frequetly. Thus, resource allocatio i WUSB protocol demads the reactio ad adaptability for the 75

2 chage of available resource. However, the curret WUSB protocol ca t provide resource allocatio scheme to respod to chages of available resource as well as resource allocatio scheme for saturated wireless chael. Recetly, may researches were carried out for high-quality video trasmissio over UWB lik [4-9]. Applicatios like HDTV (High Defiitio Televisio) ad PVR (Persoal Video Recorder), geerate high data rates ad ca easily saturate the badwidth eve at the rates provided by UWB trasmissios [5]. However, these researches ca t add ew service traffic i wireless chael whe there are o available resources. I this paper, we propose resource allocatio scheme to respod to chages of available resource as well as resource allocatio scheme for saturated WUSB chael. At first, our proposed protocol requires that WUSB host exactly computes the required resource to allocate resource to WUSB devices i its ow WUSB cluster. A WUSB host is requested various services ad Trasfer types by multiple WUSB devices. WUSB host must compute the required resource cosiderig traffic characteristics of the trasfer types sice the service rate ad QoS required by trasfer type differs from trasfer type to trasfer type. Whe WUSB host calculates the badwidth that satisfies the service rate ad QoS required by each edpoit of WUSB devices, it must also reflect the resource share i the curret superframe. If the resource share i superframe is low, WUSB host provides the higher QoS as it allocates more resource to the edpoits of WUSB devices. Otherwise, it allocates miimum resource to the edpoits of WUSB devices to support the service for trasfer mode as much as possible. Our proposed scheme ca provide faster service sice WUSB host allocates more resources to edpoits of WUSB devices i the case of low resource share of superframe. Also, our proposed scheme ca provide advaced resource utilizatio sice WUSB host allocates miimum resources to edpoits of WUSB devices i the case of high resource share of superframe. 2 Proposed Protocol Prior to descriptios of the proposed algorithm i this paper, defiitios defied i the embodimet of the proposed algorithm are explaied. is the umber of streams registered i WUSB cluster through MMC frame. Specifically, is the umber of streams trasmitted i oe WUSB trasactio. The umber of streams is recogized by a MMC frame broadcast by WUSB host. j is a j-th stream of traffic streams. BW is the umber of data slots i a WUSB trasactio. That is, BW is a legth of a period capable of actually carryig data. is a -th WUSB trasactio. How to use data slots i a (+1)-th WUSB trasactio takes advatage of iformatio of MMC frame i the -th WUSB trasactio. SR j, is a data rate (DR) or the umber of data slots supported i the j-th stream of the -th WUSB trasactio. RR j is a required data rate or a required umber of data slots required for by the j-th stream. DR j is a desired data rate or a desired umber of data slots allocable to by the j-th stream. SoQ j, is a Quality of Service (QoS) at the j-th stream i the -th WUSB trasactio. SoQ j, is calculated from Eq. (1) 76

3 SoQj, = 1, if SRj, = SRj, SoQj, = SoQj, = 0, if SRj = RRj (1), SoQj, < 0, if SRj, < RRj Whe there are o available resources, WUSB host must adjust data rates of the existig traffic streams to add ew traffic stream G. To add ew traffic stream, our scheme makes each TS have the same SoQ j, equal to SoQ F, i a WUSB trasactio although varies. Hece, for all j, SoQ j, is equal to SoQ F,+1, ad SoQ j,+1 is equal to SoQ F,+1. Accordig to SoQ F,, the service rate of each TS at the -th WUSB trasactio ca be expressed as, SRj, = SoQF, ( (2) The, SoQ F, is derived from Eq. (3) to make SoQ j, of all TSs i a WUSB cluster the same for fair QoS provisioig, as i Eq. (4). SoQF, ( = j= 1 j= 1 ( SR = BW (3) BW RRj j= 1 SoQ = F, mi, 1 (4) ( j= 1 SoQ F, takes a value betwee 0 ad 1 accordig to, RR j ad DR j. If SoQ F, is computed as 1, each TS j i a beaco group is provided with DR j. I cotrary, if SoQ F, is computed as 0, each TS j i the beaco group is serviced at RR j. Our proposed scheme eables to add ew TS though there are o available resources i WUSB trasactio. However, WUSB protocol supports 4 Trasfer Mode ad each Trasfer Mode has differet stream characteristic ad trasmissio priority. Thus, if WUSB host allocates same resource to WUSB devices i WUSB cluster regardless of Trasfer Mode, QoS for each Trasfer Mode ca t guaratee. Therefore, we propose ew scheme to allocate resources to WUSB devices i WUSB cluster regard of each Trasfer Mode ad characteristic of TS. To differetiate QoS accordig to service, we classify Trasfer Mode ad service class of TS ad appropriate SoQ mi_class accordig to service class. As metioed above, WUSB Trasfer Mode is classified Bulk, Cotrol, Iterrupt, ad Isochroous ad Iterrupt ad Isochroous mode use the predefied service iterval. Thus, Iterrupt ad Isochroous mode must guaratee higher priority tha other Trasfer Modes to trasmit data frame withi defied iterval. Also, sice Isochroous Mode is used to support the multimedia streamig service, it ca be divided ito voice traffic ad video traffic. Thus, voice ad video traffic also eed the differetiatio of QoS. I our proposed algorithm, WUSB host must ewly calculate SoQ F_class usig SoQ mi_class wheever the umber of TS i WUSB Trasactio chages. If ew SoQ F_class is larger tha SoQ mi_class, WUSB host broadcasts the MMC frame icludig ew SoQ F_class. After that, WUSB devices commuicate with WUSB host at j, 77

4 reallocated data rate. If ew SoQ F_class is smaller tha SoQ mi_class, WUSB host deies the request for ew traffic stream. I our proposed scheme, WUSB devices usig same Trasfer Mode ad service have the same SoQ F_class, ad each service class is differetiated usig SoQ mi_class. To provide the differetiated SoQ F_class accordig to Trasfer Mode, RR j ca be coverted to RR j_class usig predefied SoQ mi_class as i Eq. (5). RR ( DR RR SoQ + RR (5) j_ class = j j) mi_ class The differetiated SoQ F_class accordig to Trasfer Mode ca be calculated as i Eq. (6). DR j_ class SoQ F class+ 1 = SoQ class+ SoQ (6) _, mi_ F, +1 As metioed earlier, whe WUSB host allocates resources for TSs i WUSB trasactio, our proposed scheme ca support differetiated data rate accordig to priority of Trasfer Mode. Thus, WUSB host ad devices ca efficietly trasmit TSs. j 3 Performace Evaluatio I this sectio, we aalyze ad evaluate the performace of the proposed resource allocatio method. To evaluate the performace of the proposed method, we simulated i the eviromet that the etire etwork was saturated. All WUSB devices are deployed withi commuicatio rage ad ew TSs are added at every 10 sec. We cosider a multimedia applicatio with a wireless IPTV ad a persoal video recorder (PVR) recordig the same program. At some poit, the user picks up a remote cotrol ad tues the set-top box (STB) to start the IPTV program. The PVR i the STB simultaeously starts to record the same program to a wirelessly coected exteral hard disk drive that is located i a closet ext to the livig room. Assume the video source of the service provider geerates a MPEG-4 stream usig Real-Time Trasport Protocol (RTP) [12] as trasport Fig. 1 shows SoQ value of each TS accordig to simulatio time. I this simulatio, we simulate i a sceario where all WUSB chaels are used by TSs (A~E) ad a ew TS G requests resources to WUSB host i 30s. I the curret WUSB protocol, WUSB host ca t allocate ew resource for ew TS G. But, i proposed protocol, WUSB host ca allocate ew resource for ew TS G by adjustig resources allocated to existig TSs. As show i Fig. 1, SoQ of TS A decreases i proposed protocol, sice resources allocated by WUSB host are reallocated for ew TS G. Also, it is reduced more ad more by resources allocated for ew TSs. O the other had, SoQ TS A i curret WUSB protocol does t chage largely sice resources for TS A do t reallocated for ew TS G. Therefore, SoQ of TS G does t chage from 0. Fig. 2 shows a chage of delay accordig to chage of TSs. As show i Fig. 2, whe umber of TSs icreases, delay of proposed protocol icreases. This is because resources to trasmit multimedia streams decrease as ew TSs eter ito WUSB cluster. However, i curret WUSB protocol, although ew TSs eter ito WUSB 78

5 cluster, WUSB host ca t allocate resources for ew TSs. Thus, resources for existig TS do t chage ad delay of existig TS does t chage. I Fig. 2, sice delay of proposed protocol is smaller tha maximum allowable delay i IPTV applicatio, our proposed protocol ca apply to multimedia service. Fig. 1. Compariso of SoQ of each TS i proposed protocol ad curret WUSB protocol Fig. 2. Compariso of delay i proposed protocol ad curret WUSB protocol 4 Coclusio I this paper, we proposed ovel resource allocatio scheme to respod to chages of available resource as well as resource allocatio scheme for saturated WUSB chael. Our proposed protocol allocated resources cosiderig Trasfer Mode of WUSB device ad service class of TS. Our proposed protocol ca provide faster service sice WUSB host allocates more resources to edpoits of WUSB devices i 79

6 the case of low resource share of superframe. Also, our proposed scheme ca provide advaced resource utilizatio sice WUSB host allocates miimum resources to edpoits of WUSB devices i the case of high resource share of superframe. To exchage a QoS iformatio i the WUSB cluster, we defied a ew COS IE, which eeds a slight modificatio i the curret WUSB protocol. The simulatio results show that proposed scheme ca be applied to multimedia applicatio like HDTV ad DVD player. Ackowledgmets: This work was supported i part by Priority Research Ceters Program through the Natioal Research Foudatio of orea(nrf) fuded by the Miistry of Educatio, Sciece ad Techology( ) ad i part by the ME(The Miistry of owledge Ecoomy), orea, uder the ITRC(Iformatio Techology Research Ceter) support program supervised by the NIPA(Natioal IT Idustry Promotio Agecy) (NIPA-2012-H ). Refereces 1. M. Daeshi, P. Jiapig, ad S. Gati, Distributed reservatio algorithms for video streamig over UWB-based home etworks, i Proceedigs of IEEE Cosumer Commuicatios & Networkig Coferece, pp. 1-6 (2010) 2. USB Implemetatio Forum, Wireless uiversal serial bus specificatio, revisio 1.1, Sep, (2010) 3. WiMedia MAC Release Spec. 1.5, Distributed Medium Access Cotrol (MAC) for Wireless Networks, (2009) 4. Lee,.-M., Ha, D.-S., Improved WiMedia system supportig MIMO for wireless HD STB ad mobile device, i Proceedigs of IEEE Iteratioal Coferece o Cosumer Electroics, pp , (2011) 5. Sudhaakar, R., Sakar, V., Q. Chumig, Optimizig the WiMedia frame structure for home etworkig applicatios, i Proceedigs of IEEE Global Commuicatios Coferece, pp. 1-5, (2010) 6. Lee, J., Lim,., ahg, H., Park, J., Lee,., A hybrid trasmissio scheme for multiple IPTV streams i UWB bridged etworks, i Proceedigs of IEEE Iteratioal Coferece o Iformatio Networkig, pp , (2009) 7. Lee, C.-S., Cho, D.-J., You, Y.-H., Sog, H.-., A solutio to improvemet DS-UWB system i the wireless home etertaimet etwork, IEEE Trasactio o Cosumer Electroics, vol. 51, o. 2, pp ,(2005) 8. Lee, S., Jeo, Y., Choi, S., Ha, M.-S., Cho,., Gigabit UWB video trasmissio system for wireless video area etwork, IEEE Trasactio o Cosumer Electroics, vol. 57, o. 2, pp ,(2011) 9. Lee, S., Jeo, Y., Choi, S., Ha, M.-S., Cho,., High defiitio video trasmissio usig bluetooth over UWB, IEEE Trasactio o Cosumer Electroics, vol. 56, o. 1, pp , (2010) 10. WiMedia Alliace, WiMedia Logical Lik Cotrol Protocol, Draft 1.0, (2007) 11. Sheker, S., Partridge, C., Gueri, R., RFC 2215: Geeral characterizatio parameters for itegrated service etwork elemets, Iteret Egieerig Task Force, (1997) 12. Schulzrie, H., Caser, S., Frederick, R., Jacobso, V., RFC 3550: A Trasport Protocol for Real-Time Applicatios, Iteret Egieerig Task Force,