Virginia Tech Research Center

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1 12/4/15 Building Energy Management Open-Source Software (BEMOSS) HVAC Controllers Lighting circuit(s) Lighting Controllers Plug load Controllers Presentation to IEEE PES NoVA/DC chapter June 24, 2015 Saifur Rahman Virginia Tech Virginia Tech Research Center PPT slides will be available at Introduction to BEMOSS Interface

2 Purpose and Objectives Buildings consume over 40% of the total energy consumption in the U.S. Over 90% of the buildings in the U.S. are either small-sized (<5,000 square feet) or medium-sized (between 5,000 sf and 50,000 sf). These buildings typically do not use Building Automation Systems (BAS) to monitor and control their building systems from a central location. BEMOSS platform will facilitate load management capability through a very simple and scalable BAS, and therefore offer energy savings on a day-to-day basis. It can also facilitate Demand Response (DR) when needed. 3 Commercial Building Sizes 4 Source: EIA - Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2

3 Virginia Tech Focus Develop an open source, low cost, low power consumption platform that can monitor and control majority of loads in buildings to improve energy efficiency and facilitate demand response implementation. Plug load 6% Others 26% Lighting load 38% HVAC 30% Three major loads in buildings: HVAC Lighting loads Plug loads Electricity use in buildings 5 Source: EIA - Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) BEMOSS Solutions for Small Buildings BEMOSS HVAC Controllers Plug Load Controllers ZigBee mesh ZigBee mesh 6 Lighting Load Controllers 3

4 BEMOSS Solutions for Larger Buildings Plug Load Controllers Every floor has this set up BEMOSS Zone 1 HVAC Controllers Modbus TCP ZigBee mesh Floor 1 WiFi WiFi Power Meters Modbus TCP BACnet IP ZigBee mesh 7 BACnet MS/TP Lighting Load Controllers BEMOSS Scalability: Solutions for Larger Buildings BEMOSS Core Floor 2 Floor 1 BEMOSS Zone 2 BEMOSS Zone 1 8 4

5 Key BEMOSS Features qopen source VOLTTRON TM, Linux Ubuntu; allows contribution by device manufacturers and developers qplug & play Automatically discovers commercially available smart thermostats, lighting controllers and plug load controllers in commercial buildings qinteroperability Supports popular communication technologies and data exchange protocols qscalability Distributed hierarchical architecture with agents quser interface Web UI and mobile UI qsecurity Built-in security features qindustry involvement BEMOSS advisory committee 9 BEMOSS 2.0 on Various Embedded Devices CPU: 1GHz ARM RAM: 512MB SD Ethernet: 10/100 RJ45 USB 2.0: Available Price: $55 Size: 3.4 x2.1 CPU: 900Mhz A7 RAM: 1 GB Ethernet: 10/100 RJ45 USB 2.0: 4 ports Price: $35 Size: 3.3 x2.2 CPU: 1.5 GHz A5 RAM: 1 GB Ethernet: 10/100 RJ45 USB 2.0: 4 ports Price: $35 Size: ~3.3 x2.2 CPU: 1.2 GHz RAM: 1 GB Ethernet: 10/100 RJ45 USB 2.0: 2 ports Price: $220 Size: 4.5 x This enables low-cost deployment, and expandability. 5

6 BEMOSS 2.0 Advanced Features The following are the list of the developed BEMOSS advanced features: ü Feature1: Security at Login and user registration ü Feature2: Device approval process ü Feature3: Device tampering detection ü Feature4: Alarm and notification system ü Feature5: Multi-node/Multi-building communication ü Feature6: IoT devices integration ü Feature7: Automatic API translation ü Feature8: Integration with OpenADR The following are the list of the being-developed BEMOSS advanced features: ü Feature9: Device location auto-mapping ü Feature10: Resource monitoring for embedded devices 11 Feature1: Security at user registration and login Registration - Passwords must be between 6 and 15 characters - Dictionary of commonly used passwords to be avoided - Strong passwords are enforced using the following rules At least one number At least one special character At least one upper case letter No use of first name or last name in the password At least one lower case letter 12 6

7 Feature1: Security at user registration and login Login The user account will be locked after three failed login attempts. The account will be re-enabled after 10 minutes. Generic login failure information to prevent username enumeration attacks 13 Feature2: Device Approval process Step1 BEMOSS plug-n-play security has been improved by adding an user approval process for devices after they have been discovered. Discovery agent adds the newly discovered devices to the database with the status as Pending The user platform gets these devices and makes them available in the Discovered Devices page in the dashboard 14 7

8 Feature2: Device Approval process Step2 The admin verifies the devices with Pending status Status = Non-BEMOSS Device Administrator decision Status = Pending (No change) Status = Approved If the device does not belong to the building operations, the admin changes the status to Non-BEMOSS device If the device is approved for building operation, the admin changes the status to Approved Admin undecided of further action 15 Feature2: Device Approval process Step3 Agent initiated for approved devices Receive Approval Status update from UI Approval Status = Approved? True Start Device Control Agent 16 8

9 12/4/15 Feature 3: Device tampering detection BEMOSS can detect tampering of thermostat (or abnormal control behaviors), revert to its original value and send notifications. B EMOSS core BEMOSS Node 2 BEMOSS Node 1 17 Feature 4: Alarm and notification system BEMOSS aims to be integrated with If This Then That (IFTTT) so that it provides channels for alarms and notifications based on the events triggered by the BEMOSS agents. TRIGGER ACTION Control BEMOSS devices BEMOSS/Weather / / Notify Using other channels Th e rmo s a tt 18 9

10 Feature 5: Multi-node/Multi-building communication Four major operations of multi-node communication: ü Discovering BEMOSS nodes ü Agent migration ü UI communication ü Node failure detection Floor 3 BEMOSS&Core& Floor 2 BEMOSS&Zone&3& Floor 1 BEMOSS&Zone&2& BEMOSS&Zone&1& 19 Feature6: IoT Devices/Services Integration If This Then That serving as channel for alarms/notifications Amazon Echo enabling voice activation of control, for hands-free convenience BEMOSS SmartThings integrating w/ multi sensor, smart plug, etc. Dizmo providing interactive interface option for BEMOSS 20 Proteus monitoring motion and movement inside a building WeMo Insight Switch monitoring power demand and energy usage of appliances Myo - enabling gesture control of BEMOSS devices 10

11 12/4/15 BEMOSS List of Supported Devices HVAC load controller CT30 CT50 CT80 Nest EXL Prolon M1000 Prolon PL-VC1000 ICM I2020WHR Lighting load controller WeMo light switch Philips Hue Step-dimmed ballast LMRC-212 Plug load controller WeMo smart plug WeMo insight switch XBee smart plug VT load controller LMPL BEMOSS List of Supported Devices - 2 Sensor/power meter Digi Xbee Sensor SmartThings Motion Sensor Dent PowerScout 3+ Ethernet SmartThings Multi Sensor Dent PowerScout 3+ Serial Wattnode WNC-3Y-208-MB AcquiSuite EMB A8810 SmartThings Hub SmartThings Power Outlet SmartThings Presence Sensor Aeon Labs Multi Sensor Proteus Motion Sensor Netatmo Weather Station IoT devices Amazon Echo Particle Core Myo Gesture Control Estimote ibeacon 22 11

12 Feature7: Automatic API Translator BEMOSS auto API translator has been developed for selected load controllers that use: ü BACnet ü Modbus ü WiFi For any new device integration with BEMOSS, a simple excel sheet will be provided to a vendor to fill up the required information. Vendors are given a list of BEMOSS required parameters (e.g., temperature) Vendors then choose the BACnet object type and property no. that corresponds to the BEMOSS required parameter. 23 Vendors can enter JSON format data to specify device response data, e.g., {0: OFF,1: ON } based on BEMOSS expected data format Enter unit, e.g., lumen Check if object is writeable Feature8: Integration with OpenADR OpenADR VTN STEP1: OpenADR VTN sends DR/price signal to BEMOSS via an OpenADR agent through TCP/IP STEP3: Test DR agent uses DR information for Its DR algorithm and make control decisions Test DR Agent OpenADR Agent Information Exchange Bus STEP2: OpenADR agent interprets the signal and publish DR information to the IEB Thermostat Agent Lighting Load Agent Plug Load Agent VAV Agent RTU Agent STEP4: Control commands from Test DR agents are sent to the control agents via IEB Control Agent 24 12

13 Feature9: Device location auto-mapping In certain circumstance, location of devices inside a building are essential for a building owner or a building engineer to perform tasks such as condition-based maintenance or detecting device tampering actions. 25 Each ibeacon provides: UUID, Major, Minor, Mac address, RSSI, and its color Feature10: Resource monitoring for embedded devices #process %CPU %Memory Available memory Parameters such as average CPU usage, memory usage, number of active process, reported by the operating system can be used to decide when to migrate agents 26 13

14 BEMOSS Deployment at VT Architecture Building 27 Building: Virginia Tech campus in Alexandria, VA Building frame: metal framing for exterior walls and roof Building wall: 6-inch thick concrete wall, no wall insulation Building floor: carpet flooring Windows: glass type double clear ¼ inch Doors: glass type single clear ¼ inch, steel hollow core door VT Architecture Building Energy Metering 2 nd floor There are three types of electrical loads that are being monitored ü HVAC (2 nd floor) five residential HVAC split systems ü Lighting loads (2 nd floor) 10 circuits (mostly CFLs and 16x75W incandescent) ü Plug loads (2 nd floor) 23 circuits (90 receptacles) RTUs serving the 2 nd floor Lighting loads and Plug loads on the 2 nd floor 28 14

15 12/4/15 BEMOSS Website Features, Documentation BEMOSS Installation Files and Guidelines 29 IEEE Power & Energy Society Election for President-elect Professor Saifur Rahman from Virginia Tech, USA is running for President-elect of PES in He is a former VP of Publications in IEEE and PES. Please vote electronically when you get your ballot in August More information about him at:

16 Thank You Saifur Rahman Professor and Director Virginia Tech Advanced Research Institute 31 16