HD2003-HD Three-Axis Ultrasonic Anemometer

Transcription

1 HD2003-HD Three-Axis Ultrasonic Anemometer Rev.1.1 April 2004 User s Manual 2004 Delta Ohm Srl, All Rights Reserved

2 INDEX 1. Introduction 1.1. Conventions 1.2. Models Heaters Option 1.3. Features 1.4. Operating Modes 1.5. Specifications 1.6. (HD2003 Model) Temperature Sensors Relative Humidity - Pressure 2. Installation and Maintenance 2.1 Packaging 2.2 Mounting and Positioning 2.3 Alignment 2.4 Electrical Connections Power Supply and Earthing RS232 Serial Communication Mode RS485 Multidrop Communication Mode Extended Analog Outputs Mode Analog Inputs and Outputs 2.5 Maintenance 3. Programming 3.1. Introduction 3.2. RS232 Serial Communication Mode Parameter Setup Measuring Mode RS232 Serial Communication Example Setup Baud rate Gain Minimum Threshold Average Interval Analog Output Format Analog Inputs Output Data Format Unit of Measurement Transducer Heating Extended Analog Outputs Management Error Management Identicode Output Rate Logging 3.3. RS 485 Multidrop Communication Mode Parameter Setup RS485 Multidrop Communication Example Communication Protocol S Command (Setup) M Command (Output Data) N Command (Analog Input Data) 3.4. Extended Analog Outputs Mode Parameter Setup Extended Analog Outputs Example 3.5. Analog Outputs Mode 4. How to Order 4.1 Order codes 1

3 1. Introduction Ultrasonic Anemometers allow to detect speed and direction of surface wind. These instruments measure the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse between a pair of opposite sonic transducers, in both directions. Using three pairs of transducers, you can make a three-axis vector measurement of wind. From the measurement of ta and tr times, you can trace to the wind speed component in the direction of the two transducers, through the formula: V = D/2 (1/tA 1/tR) Where: D = distance between two transducers. ta = forward transit time tr = backward transit time This formula assures that the wind speed does not depend on Pressure, Temperature and Humidity. 1.1 Conventions Definition of the anemometric quantities measured by HD2003. The wind direction is established through the calculation of azimuth and elevation angles: - azimuth. This is the angle that defines the position along the Horizontal Plane of the wind flow, with reference to the direction from which the wind itself is coming. The angle is calculated from 0 to 360 clockwise along the Hor. Plane. The origin 0 is the direction of the Geographical North. - elevation. This is the angle that defines the position of the wind flow along the Vertical Plane. It changes from 60 to +60 along the Vertical Plane: positive inclinations are those over the Horizontal Plane and negative ones are those under it. The wind speed is calculated in terms of intensity of components o resultants: - SoW, SUV e SoS. The intensity of wind speed is indicated by SoW, its component along the Horizontal Plane is indicated by SUV, while that of sound by SoS. - U-V-W. These are the three vector components of wind speed. If we draw a Cartesian plane with U and V along the Horizontal Plane, W will be the Vertical Axis. The V direction coincides with the Geographical North and, consequently, the U will coincide with the East and the W with the vertical. Other conventions - F.S. and Zero. F.S. identifies the Full Scale of a quantity, while Zero identifies the Scale Minimum Value. - Factory Default. The Factory Default corresponds to the value of a factory set parameter, when first programming an instrument coming out from the production department. - Internal Refresh. It represents the automatic frequency by which all the calculations are refreshed according to the set average intervals. - Symbols. The keys of an IBM compatible PC keyboard are identified with a white text on a black background, for example: [Esc] = Esc key, [Enter] = Enter key, [A] = A key 2

4 An ASCII generic character, or several ASCII generic characters can be identified with the symbol: <name>, where name is any expression that gives the title to that character. Example of peculiar characters: <CR> = Carriage Return <LF> = Line Feed - Output Data. It is the digital string of formatted data available for RS232 and RS485 Multidrop Serial Communication Interfaces. - Analog Input Data. It is the digital string of formatted data concerning only the analog inputs, and available to the RS232 and RS485 Multidrop Serial Communication Interfaces. 1.2 Models The code HD2003 mentioned in this manual refers to both the models: HD2003 HD They represent the same type of Anemometer, except for the fact that the HD2003 has the following built-in sensors: Temperature, Relative Humidity and Pressure, in order to measure these additional quantities. When necessary, the difference between the two models is unequivocally underlined Heaters Option HD2003 is guaranteed to function in temperatures as low as 20 C if ice or snow is absent, without any heating circuits for the sonic transducers. Temperature conditions below 20 C, or temperatures around 0 C when snowing or possibly ice forms on the transducers, prevent the HD2003 from functioning correctly, making use of the heaters option indispensable. The heating circuit intervenes at temperatures below +5 C, with a minimum additional 4W of power (with temperature no lower than 10 C), preventing the formation of ice, and guaranteeing the HD2003 functions correctly even in sleet or snow. The models fitted with the heater option are named with the additional letter R: HD2003R HD2003.1R 1.3 Features The HD2003 main features are: Determination of the anemometric quantities with different measurement units: wind speed and direction, U-V-W cartesian components of speed, sound speed and sonic temperature. (HD2003 Model) Additional quantities measured: Temperature, Relative Humidity, Pressure. 4 input analog channels and 4 output analog channels, with different voltage scales. 4 additional output analog channels, with different voltage or current scales. Digital communication interfaces: RS232C and Multidrop RS485. Digital strings of measurements data at a configurable frequency that can be subdivided between anemometric quantities and quantities at the analog inputs. Average intervals of all these measurement quantities, configurable at 1 60 sec or at 1 60 min. 3

5 Processing and validity Algorithms for grow measure signals to give a single measure of the anemometric quantity at 1Hz, with ±1% precision. Self-diagnosis with checking and error reporting. Reliability and precision for the whole measurement field, without any need for further calibrations. Flexible and easy-to-use operating software that can be adapted to the customer s requirements using a computer interface. Setup user interface and software upgrade via RS232 or RS485. Simple alignment procedure to the Geographical North. No moving parts, with reduced maintenance and servicing costs. Robust construction, apt to operate continuously in severe climatic conditions. Low power consumption (On request) Heaters Option: Heating with automatic temperature control on sonic transducers, to prevent ice and snow formation, guaranteeing a correct functioning even when sleeting or snowing. 1.4 Operating Modes HD2003 comes with four operating modes: RS232 Serial Communication Mode A connection over a serial RS232 line is established between a Host Computer and an individual HD2003 Anemometer. The Host Computer (Slave), is continuously receiving data on its serial RS232 port, Output Data digital strings and the Analog Input Data, which are automatically supplied by the HD2003 (Master), separately and with its own frequency (configurable frequencies from 1 to 3600s). In this mode the Setup user interface can be managed from the computer. RS485 Multidrop Communication Mode You can establish a RS485 Multidrop network between a Host Computer and several HD2003Anemometers, (up to a maximum of 32). The Host Computer (Master), sends a command to the univocal address of a HD2003 (Slave). Only the Anemometer identified by that address answers on request, giving the Output Data or the Analog Input Data according to the command received. In this mode there is a command available to enable the Setup user interface. Extended Analog Outputs Mode A single HD2003 Anemometer (Master) sends command strings automatically (configurable frequencies from 1 to 3600s) over an RS485 serial line directly connected to a remote module ICP DAS I-7024 (Slave) supplied on request. 4 additional analog voltage or current output channels are available on the module s output terminals, configurable for the desired measurement quantities. Analog Outputs Mode. You can configure the measurement quantities that you want to convert into analog signals on the 4 available analog voltage output channels This mode is always active and is combined with the RS232 Serial Communication, RS485 Multidrop and Extended Analog Outputs modes. The RS232 Serial Communication, RS485 Multidrop and Extended Analog Outputs modes are alternative: only one of them can be enabled. Their activation is enabled by properly positioning some of the jumpers on the terminal board (see Chapters 2.4.2, e 2.4.4) and switching off and on HD2003. Software enabling is also required for the Extended Analog Outputs mode (see Chapter by pressing 2 DacXnd ). 4

6 1.5 Specifications Anemometric Measurements. Quantities wind direction and speed, U-V-W components, sound speed, sonic temperature Unit of Measurement m/s, cm/s, km/h, knots, mph Moving Averages 1 60 seconds / 1 60 minutes Output Rate ± 1% Precision ( after processing and validity of grow measures) Protocols Custom, DacXnd (Extended Analog Outputs) Wind Speed. Range 0 60 m/s (216 km/h) Resolution 0.01 m/s Accuracy ± 1% of reading Wind Direction. Range Azimuth: Elevation: ± 60 Resolution 0.1 Accuracy ± 1 Sound Speed. Range m/s Resolution 0.01 m/s Accuracy ± 1% of reading Sonic Temperature. Range C Resolution 0.1 C Accuracy ± 1 C Digital Outputs. Communications RS-232 full duplex, Multidrop RS-485 half duplex Baud rate bit/sec Output Rate sec (RS232 and DacXnd in RS485) Measurement Data 2 strings subdivided between anemometric quantities and quantities at the analog inputs. Analog Outputs. Number 4 selectable: U/V/W/SoS or azimuth/elevation/sow/ C + 3 (HD2003 Model): Temperature, Relative Humidity, Pressure Range 0 1V (On request: 0 5V, 1 5V, 0 10V) (HD2003 Model) Temperature, Relative Humidity, Pressure: 0 1V (On request: 0 5V) Resolution 12 bits (U/V/W/SoS or azimuth/elevation/sow/ C) Extended Analog Outputs (With ICP DAS I-7024 module on request). Number 4 freely selectable from all the measured quantities (anemometric and analog inputs). Range 0-20 ma, 4-20mA, 0 10V, V, 0 5V, -5 +5V Resolution 14bits Analog Inputs. Number 4 Range 0 1V (On request: 0 5V, 1 5V, 0 10V) Averages 1 60 seconds / 1 60 minutes Resolution 12 bits Power Supply. Range Vdc Power < 2W (Typically: 15Vdc) < 6W Models with heaters and environment temperature not lower than 10 C Heaters Option (On request). Heating with automatic temperature control on sonic transducers, to prevent ice and snow formation, guaranteeing a correct functioning even when sleeting or snowing. Weight. HD2003 : 2.2 Kg. HD : 1.6 Kg. Environmental Conditions. Temperature Range C EMC CE Regulations Precipitations Operation assured to 300mm/hr Humidity 0% 100% RH HD2003 applications fields are continuously developing, thus Delta Ohm reserves the right to change the above mentioned specifications without prior notice. 5

7 1.6 Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure Sensors (HD2003 Model) Temperature. Sensor: Pt100 Analog Output: 0 1 Vdc (On request: 0 5V) Range : C Resolution: 0.1 C Accuracy: ± 0.2 C, ± 0.15% of reading Relative Humidity. Capacity sensor: H6100 Analog Output: 0 1 Vdc (0% 100% RH). (On request: 0 5V) Range: 5 98% RH Resolution: 0.1 % Accuracy: ± 2.5% 23 C Pressure. Piezo-resistive Sensor. Analog Output: 0 1 Vdc (On request: 0 5V) Range: mbar (On request: mbar) Resolution: 0.1 mbar Accuracy: ± C Temperature Effects: ± 0.8mbar between 40 C and +60 C Long-term stability: < 0.2% F.S. in 6 20 C 6

8 2. Installation and Maintenance 2.1 Packaging In order to avoid damage due to transportation, the HD2003 Anemometer is supplied with a special container. Carefully remove the Anemometer from the container and save this one, for any future packaging and transportation. The use of any other container leads to lost of Warranty. 2.2 Mounting and Positioning The instrument will be vertically mounted, and positioned on open terrain, that is far from turbulences created by objects, such as trees or buildings. In presence of buildings, trees or any other obstruction, the HD2003 should be positioned at a height of 10 meters above the ground; the distance between the instrument and any obstruction, should be at least 10 times the height of that obstruction. 2.3 Alignment HD2003 is rotated on its vertical axis so that the Geographic North corresponds to the North side of the HD2003. (See picture DWG1HD2003, or serigraphy, on the lid of the junction box.) By using a compass, we should consider the error due to the Magnetic Variation (also referred to as Magnetic Declination), to be algebraically summed to the Magnetic North thus obtained. U-V-W Cartesian components of wind speed, are oriented so that: V direction= North U direction = East W direction = Instrument Vertical Axis. On completion of the alignment, fix the narrow band blocking the Anemometer to the installation pole. 7

9 2.4 Electrical Connections The HD2003 is supplied with multipolar cable of two lengths: 5m or 10m. The cable is connected to the HD2003 s junction box by use of a connector (Factory Configur.). The wires at the free end of the cable are colour flashed and available for the electrical connections Power Supply and Earthing See Fig.1 - HD2003 junction box and cable, for references on colours, pins or jumpers. Power: Vdc 15Vdc: without Heaters Option 15Vdc and 10 C: with Heaters Option (heating circuit enabled) Power Supply HD2003 Cable Vdc pole Orange (pin#13 PWR ) pole Black (pin#14 PWR ) pole Brown (pin#14 PWR ) Note for the model with Heaters Option: When HD2003 has remained off in temperatures below 0 C, being switched on later will give initial absorption peaks when the heating circuit turns on. This peaks should be planned when dimensioning the power supply circuit used (ex: from 5A to 1A first 15Vdc and 20 C). Earth Connection. The earth connection is fundamental to protect against electromagnetic disturbances. HD2003 is installed on a pole fixed on the ground that must be earthed. Connect the metallic structure of the pole to the earthing screw provided at the bottom of the junction box (see Drawing DWG1HD2003) through a φ1.5 mm² wire. A B Support pole Earthing screw Support pole Earthing screw Narrow band The A connection was performed by using a screw on the support pole, while the B connection was performed by using a narrow band around the support pole. 8

10 2.4.2 RS232 Serial Communication Mode See Fig.1 - HD2003 junction box and cable, for references on colours, pins or jumpers. In this mode, connect JP1 jumper to 232 and JP2 to M. Connect the supplied cable to a computer s serial port. If needed use a pin to pin extension with shielded cable. The possible extension plus the supplied cable cannot exceed 15m. RS232 connections RS232Port (computer side) HD2003 Cable Cannon connector 9 poles pin#2 Yellow& Blue (pin#7 TXD) pin#3 Yellow & Red (pin#8 RXD) pin#5 Yellow (pin#5 SG) Note: jumper between pin#2 CTS and pin#3 RTS, HD2003 terminal board (Factory Configuration). (HD2003 Model) Jumpers on HD2003 terminal board to convert sensors into serial outputs for Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure (Factory Configuration) HD2003 Terminal board pin#28 BARO pin#25 IN1 pin#29 Temp pin#24 IN2 pin#30 RH pin#23 IN RS485 Multidrop Communication Mode See Fig.1 - HD2003 junction box and cable, for references on colours, pins or jumpers. In this mode, on each HD2003 of the network, connect JP1 jumper to 485 and JP2 to S. Use the supplied cables with a parallel connection between each HD2003 and the RS485 port on the computer, (or the RS232/RS485 converter connected to the computer). If necessary, use a pin to pin extension with shielded twisted pair cable. The maximum cable length between the Anemometers placed in the extreme places of the Multidrop RS485 network is 1,200m (see Chapter ) RS485 Multidrop connections RS485 (computer side) pole B HD2003 Cable Turquoise (pin#11 DATA+) for all the HD2003 of the network pole A Grey (pin#10 DATA ) for all the HD2003 of the network (HD2003 Model) Jumpers on HD2003 terminal board to convert sensors into serial outputs for Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure (see chapter 2.4.2) 9

11 4.4.4 Extended Analog Outputs Mode ( With module ICP DAS I-7024 on request). See Fig.1 - HD2003 junction box and cable, for references on colours, pins or jumpers. In this mode, connect JP1 jumper to 485 and JP2 to M. Connect the supplied cable to the terminal board of the ICP DAS I-7024 module. If needed use a pin to pin extension with shielded twisted pair cable. The possible extension plus the supplied cable cannot exceed 1,200m. RS485 connections Terminal board HD2003 Cable ICP DAS I-7024 DATA+ Turquoise (pin#11 DATA+) DATA- Grey (pin#10 DATA -) (HD2003 Model) Jumpers on HD2003 terminal board to convert sensors into serial outputs for Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure (see chapter 2.4.2) ICP DAS I-7024 module power supply The same power supply used for HD2003 can be used. Power Supply Terminal board Vdc ICP DAS I-7024 pole (R)+Vs pole (B)GND In order to have a single ground reference on the analog outputs of HD2003 and ICP DAS I-7024 module, connect: HD2003 Cable Terminal board ICP DAS I-7024 Violet (pin#17 REF) AGND Analog Inputs and Outputs See Fig.1 - HD2003 junction box and cable, for references on colours, pins or jumpers. Four 12-bit Analog Inputs, 0 1V (On request: 0 5V, 1 5V, 0 10V) Analog Inputs HD2003 Cable #1 Pink (pin#25 IN1) #2 White (pin#24 IN2) #3 White & Blue (pin#23 IN3) #4 White & Red (pin#22 IN4) Analog ground Violet (pin#17 REF) Four 12-bit Analog Outputs, 0 1V (On request: 0 5V, 1 5V, 0 10V) Analog Outputs HD2003 Cable #1 Red (pin#21 OUT1) #2 Red & Blue (pin#20 OUT2) #3 Red & Black (pin#19 OUT3) #4 Red & Brown (pin#18 OUT4) Analog ground Violet (pin#17 REF) 10

12 (HD2003 Model) 3 Analog Outputs 0 1V (On request: 0 5V) of the Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure Sensors Analog Outputs HD2003 Cable Pressure Green (pin#28 BARO) Temperature Green & Red (pin#29 Temp) Relative Humidity Blue (pin#30 RH) Analog ground Violet (pin#17 REF) An additional 15Vdc (30 ma max) continuous Voltage Auxiliary Output is also available on the HD2003 terminal board at pin#27 AUXPWR, relative to pin#17 REF. 2.5 Maintenance The HD2003 maintenance consists of periodic checks in order to: Find and eliminate all deposits of ground, leaves or any other kind of debris that may be lodged on the sonic transducers. In highly polluted areas, remove all fouling deposits from the measuring elements such as sonic transducers, support rods, etc. Check and repair the sealing of both the junction box lid and the cable gland cover. Check and repair any damage caused by third parties. Check and repair the power supply level, especially in case of accumulators or solar panels. 11

13 3. Programming 3.1 Introduction RS232 Serial Communication, RS485 Multidrop and Extended Analog Outputs mode are selected through the jumpers, as shown in Chapters 2.4.2, and After selecting the jumpers, switch HD2003 off and on, and the desired operating mode will be enabled. The Setup user interface is available in RS232 Serial and Multidrop RS485 modes. 3.2 RS232 Serial Communication Mode Parameter Setup From the Host Computer, open a serial communication program, for example DeltaMet8u or Hyper Terminal. By using Hyper Terminal, select and configure the following Menus: Port Configuration: Bit per second HD2003 baud rate (19200 Factory Default, see Chapter ) Data bit 8 Parity None Stop bit 2 Flow Control None Settings / Terminal Setup / Rows: Set the number of rows to 24. Settings / ASCII Setup: Select Echo typed characters locally. Connect power supply and RS232 as shown in Chapters and After the supply voltage of the instrument has been switched on, the HD2003 will work in Measuring mode and will automatically supply the Output Data and the Analog Input Data on the serial line; the data can be displayed on Hyper Terminal. On the computer keyboard, press the character? to enter Setup mode Measuring Mode While in Measuring mode, the HD2003 transmits through a string of ASCII characters the Output Data and the Analog Input Data corresponding to the last measure taken, at a frequency configurable via Setup (Chap ). The quantities to be represented in Output Data are selected in Setup mode, to a maximum of 15. Instead the quantities to be represented in Analog Input Data are fixed and correspond to the 4 analog inputs (IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4 see Fig.1 - HD2003 junction box and cable). Each quantity s measured value is formatted into 8 ASCII characters, right justified, with the space character before the sign, and a number of decimal positions depending on the unit of measurement. Each string is followed by <CR> + <LF> characters. 12

14 RS232 Serial Communication Example HD2003 RS Analog Inputs: - 3 internal sensors: Pressure Temperature Relative Humidity - 1 external sensor (Example Pyranometer, rain gauge) COM1 0 1V Computer Host Slave ( 15m. max ) Vdc 2W 6W (With heaters) HD2003 e HD Computer Host Slave COM1 RS 232 ( 15m. max ) 4 Analog Inputs: - For external sensors. (Example Pyranometer, rain gauge, lux meter, radio meter, UVA, UVB, temperature) 0 1V On request: 0 5V, 1 5V, 0 10V Vdc 2W 6W (With heaters) (HD2003 Model) In this second example, the three Analog Outputs of the Temperature, Relative Humidity and Pressure sensors are also available (0 1V, on request 0 5V). 13

15 3.2.3 Setup The setup allows the user to configure and parameterise each Anemometer function, adapting it to his requirements, through linked Menus displayed through serial communication software, for example DeltaMet8u or Hyper Terminal. When opening a Menu that allows the selection between different values/options, or a Menu that allows to configure a numeric value, the value/option correctly stored by the HD2003 and preceded by a = sign, is always highlighted. Each single change of parameter operated by the user, determines a permanent storage of the new parameter value, still valid even after the supply voltage of HD2003 has been switched off. Each configuration page displays a timeout that becomes active after a certain time, unless a key is pressed on the Host Computer keyboard, and brings you back to the previous page and to Measuring Mode. By consecutively pressing 5 characters that are not available on the current page Menu, you get to the same result. The Main Menu displayed through the Hyper Terminal or DeltaMet8u, is the following: DeltaOHM Anemometer HD2003 Menu S. Setup L. Logging Esc. Exit Sel: Press [Esc] to go back to the Measuring Mode (see Chapter 3.2.2). Type S to enter the Setup Menu. Type L to display the Logging (see Chapter 3.2.4). 14

16 Setup Menu. The screen page displays: Setup 1. Baud To select between RS232 or RS485 communication baud rate 2. Gain To set the gain factor for U-V-W, SoW and SUV 3. Thre To set the minimum threshold for SoW 4. Average Interval To set the average interval in seconds or minutes for all anemometric quantities 5. Aout To select the anemometric quantities for Analog Outputs 6. Ain To set Analog Inputs range, average interval and frequency in RS232 of the Analog Input Data 7. SerialOut To select the Output Data format for RS232, RS485 and Extended Analog Outputs 8. Wind Units To select the unit of measurement of SoW, SoS, U-V-W and SUV 9. Heating (On request) To enable the heating circuit of sonic transducers M. ModeErr To enable the function that rejects invalid raw measurements X. DacXnd To enable the Extended Analog Outputs Management I. ID To set the instrument identicode R. Output Rate To set the Output Data transmission frequency for RS232 and Extended Analog Outputs Esc. Exit Sel: Type the alphanumeric character next to each Menu item, in order to activate the corresponding submenu Baudrate Typed Character: 1 (Baud) How to set RS232 and RS485 baud rate. The screen page displays: Baudrate(N,8,2) Esc. Exit Enter. Save = Sel: By typing a number displayed among the Menu items, the corresponding baud rate will appear. For example, by typing 5 = will appear. After having selected the baud rate number, press [ENTER] to enable the new baud rate (=19200 Factory Default). When you change baud rate, you also need to modify the Hyper Terminal Port configurations, and the Bit per second item with the new baud rate. It remains enabled in HD2003 even when passing to Multidrop RS485 or Extended Analog Outputs mode (In this mode the baud rate of the ICP DAS I-7024 module, must coincide with the one which has been set. See Chapter 3.4.1). Note: Press any key in order to get a new screen page. 15

17 Gain Typed Character: 2 (Gain) How to set the gain factor. The screen page displays: Sel: 2 = Gain [Range= 5000 to 15000]: It allows setting a gain factor of 1/1000 for U V W and consequently for SoW and SUV components (=10000 Factory Default). This gain variation aligns the wind speeds measured by HD2003 with the wind speeds measured by any other reference instrument. Type the digits of the selected gain and then press [ENTER]; making sure the number is within the range Minimum Threshold Typed Character: 3 (Thresh.) How to set the Minimum display Threshold The screen page displays: Sel: 3 = 20 [cm/s] [Range= 0 to 500]: To set a minimum threshold wind speed value in cm/s, below which SoW is considered equal to zero. Type the digits of the selected number and then press [ENTER], according to the range Average Interval Typed Character: 4 (Average Interval) To set the interval value in seconds or minutes for all anemometric quantity moving averages calculations. The first screen page displays: Average Interval 1. [sec] 2. [min] Esc. Exit = [min] Sel: 16

18 The time unit of the moving average interval can be chosen, in seconds or minutes, (=[min] Factory Default). After selecting the number corresponding to the desired unit, the following screen page will appear: by choosing seconds: Average Interval = 2 [sec] [Range= 1 to 60]: by choosing minutes: Average Interval = 2 [min] [Range= 1 to 60]: The period value should be set between 1 and 60, (=2 Factory Default), for the calculation of the moving average. The moving average is the average calculated on the samples concerning the last time interval passed, equal to the set period in seconds or minutes. The averages can be calculated over a period from 1 to 60 seconds, or from 1 to 60 minutes. The moving average is calculated on the U-V-W and SoS components (and consequently on all the other anemometric quantities resulting from them). All anemometric quantities chosen as Output Data in RS232 or RS485, including those chosen as Analog Outputs, are indicated with values that represent the average calculated on the last time interval. From the moving averages the possible Analog Inputs chosen in the Output Data string, where the corresponding data continue to be issued without calculation of the moving averages, are excluded. Type the digits of the selected number according to the range displayed on the screen and then press [ENTER]. After choosing the average interval, the tool automatically sets its Internal Refresh. The Internal Refresh is set to 1s by choosing an interval in seconds; if you choose minutes, it is equal to as many seconds as the minutes chosen. (for example, an average interval of 10min corresponds to an Internal Refresh of 10sec) Analog Outputs Format Typed Character: 5 (Aout) How to select the anemometric quantities available as Analog Outputs. The screen page displays: Analog Output Format 1. U/V/W/SoS 2. Azi/Ele/SoW/Temp Esc. Exit Sel: 17

19 By typing 1 (U/V/W/SoS) : the 4 Analog Outputs pin#21 OUT1, pin#20 OUT2, pin#19 OUT3, pin#18 OUT4 (see Fig. 1 HD2003 junction box and cable), will correspond respectively to U-V-W and SoS components. The F.S. configuration page will follow: Sel: 1 = +/- 60 Gain [Range= 10 to 60]: Set an absolute value in m/s between 10 and 60, preceded by a + or sign for lower and higher values, on the symmetric range for the three U-V-W components. The lower value corresponds to 0 Volt dc and the higher value to 1 Volt dc of the voltage output available for U-V-W (or corresponding to other bottom or top scale voltages among those requested for the Analog Outputs). Type the digits of the selected number according to the Range displayed on the screen and then press [ENTER]. (= +/- 60m/s Factory Default) By typing for example number 50, you set the corresponding scale between the voltage of each Analog Output and the meters per second (m/s) of U, V and W: -50 m/s -> 0Vdc +50 m/s -> 1Vdc Sound Speed (SoS) has a fixed Range: m/s. By typing 2 (Azi/Ele/SoW/Temp) : the 4 Analog Outputs pin#21 OUT1, pin#20 OUT2, pin#19 OUT3, pin#18 OUT4 (see Fig.1 HD2003 junction box and cable), will correspond respectively to azimuth, elevation, SoW, sonic temperature. The F.S. configuration page will follow: Sel: 2 = 0 to 60 Gain [Range= 10 to 60]: Set a positive number in m/s between 10 e 60, representing the F.S. on the scale of measurement, starting from 0 for SoW. The scale beginning 0 value, corresponds to 0 Volt dc and the F.S. already set, corresponds to 1 Volt dc of the voltage output analog value (or corresponding to other bottom or top scale voltages among those requested for the Analog Outputs). Type the digits of the selected number according to the Range displayed on the screen and then press [ENTER]. (= 60m/s Factory Default). By typing for example 45, you get the corresponding scale between the voltage of each Analog Output and the meters per seconds of SoW: 0 m/s -> 0Vdc +45 m/s ->1Vdc The following ranges are fixed: Azimuth: Elevation: +/-60 Sonic Temperature: 40 C +60 C 18

20 Analog Inputs Typed Character: 6 (Ain) To set the range of the 4 Analog Inputs, average interval and transmission frequency for RS232 of the Analog Input Data. The screen page displays: Ain 1. Ranges 2. Ain Average Interval 3. Ain Output Rate Esc. Exit Sel: By typing 1 (Ranges): The Zero and F.S. configuration page will follow: Sel: 1 Ain(1..4)[1ch]: Type a number between 1 and 4 corresponding to the Analog Input channel to parameterize, and then press [ENTER]. (ch. 1 correspond to #pin25 IN1 ch. 4 to pin#22 IN4: Fig. 1 - HD2003 junction box and cable). During normal functioning, the voltage level at the Analog Inputs has to be between 0 1 Vdc, (on request: 0 5 Vdc, 1 5 Vdc, 0 10 Vdc), where 0 Vdc corresponds to the scale beginning (Zero) of the numeric measurement scale to be associated to that Analog Input, and 1 Vdc corresponds to the end of scale (Span). The numeric scale extends linearly from Zero to Span. Zero and Span are individually configurable as whole numbers between and (0 1 Vdc = ). After having selected the Analog Input channel, the following screen page will display: Zero [Range= to 60000]: Then, set a number between and , representing the Zero value on the scale of measurement required. This number corresponds to 0 Volt at the analog input of the selected channel (or to another bottom scale voltage among those requested for the Analog Outputs). Set the desired Zero value (whole number), according to the Range indicated, then press [ENTER]. The following screen page will display: Span [Range= to 60000]: You should set a number between and that represents F.S. on the measurement scale you wish to represent. This number corresponds to 1 Volt at the Analog Input of the selected channel (or to another top scale voltage among those requested for the Analog Inputs). Set the desired F.S. value (whole number), according to the Range indicated, and then press [ENTER]. 19

21 Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure Sensors Range Setting (HD2003 Model). Temperature, Relative Humidity and Pressure sensors Analog Outputs are factory jumpered to Analog Inputs channels (see Chapters 2.4.2, and 2.4.4). Ranges are: Analog Input 1: (Pressure) Zero = 800mbar F.S. = 1100mbar (On request: mbar) Analog Input 2: (Temperature) Zero = - 40 C F.S. = + 60 C Analog Input 3: (Relative Humidity) Zero = 0% F.S. = 100% Note: You should jumper the Temperature Relative Humidity Pressure Sensors on the Analog Input channels, only when the sensors have the same voltage range as the Analog Inputs. By typing 2 (Ain Average Interval): To set the interval value in seconds or minutes for the calculations of the moving average of Analog Inputs. The screen page displays: Ain Average Interval 1. [sec] 2. [min] Esc. Exit = [sec] Sel: It allows choosing the time unit, in seconds or minutes, of the moving average interval (=[sec] Factory Default). After selecting the number corresponding to the desired unit, the following la screen page will appear: by choosing seconds: Ain Average Interval = 3 [sec] [Range= 1 to 60]: by choosing minutes: Ain Average Interval = 3 [min] [Range= 1 to 60]: 20

22 The period value should be set between 1 and 60, (=1 Factory Default), for the calculation of the moving average. It is possible to calculate the averages over a period from 1 to 60 seconds, or from 1 to 60 minutes. The moving average is calculated on the values of the four quantities that are present in the relevant Analog Inputs. All four quantities that represent the Analog Inputs, in the Analog Input Data string (see Chapter 3.2.2) in RS232 or RS485, are issued with values that represent the moving average calculated on the last time interval corresponding to the set interval in seconds or minutes. Type the digits of the selected number according to the range indicated and then press [ENTER]. By typing 3 (Ain Output Rate): To set the Analog Output Data transmission frequency for the RS232 serial mode. The screen page displays: Sel: 3 = 0 (0=Disable) [sec] [Range= 0 to 3600]: It is possible to set the Analog Output Data transmission frequency for the RS232 serial mode. You can choose a period from 1 to 3600 seconds to represent the time between the issue of a string and the next one. The Analog Input Data string, as well as the Output Data string, will be issued over the RS232 line, each at their own frequency. By choosing 0 the Analog Input Data string on the RS232 line is disabled. Type the digits of the selected number and then press [ENTER] according to the range indicated (=0 Factory Default). The frequency set on this item is free and independent from the instrument s Internal Refresh (see Chapter ) Output Data Format Typed Character: 7 (SerialOut) How to set the Output Data format available for RS232 and RS485 communication interfaces. The screen page displays: SerialOut 1. User 2. DacXnd Esc. Exit = 1 Sel: 21

23 By typing 1 (User): Selection of the desired quantities. The screen page displays: Custom Format S. Speed of sound T. Sonic temperature E. Errors 1. Ain1 2. Ain2 3. Ain3 4. Ain4 5. U-V-W 6. Speed in U-V 7. Speed of Wind 8. Azimuth 9. Elevation Esc. Exit = st e Sel [max 11]: You can select the type and order of measured quantities displayed from left to right in the Output Data issued in Serial RS232 mode or obtained according to a request in Multidrop RS485 mode. For the Extended Analog Outputs mode it is possible to choose the type and order of the measurement quantities assigned to the four additional analog output channels. They coincide with the first four that were selected in the Output Data string and ignore the following ones. The alphanumeric characters corresponding to the desired quantities appearing in the Menu are typed in according to the desired order (= st e Factory Default). A maximum of 11 alphanumeric characters can be typed. After this selection the Extended Analog Outputs mode is automatically disabled (possibly enabled as illustrated in the following paragraph by typing 2 DacXnd in the SerialOut Menu). The formatting of the measured quantities is illustrated in Chapter Measuring Mode for the Serial RS232 mode. The Multidrop RS485 mode is illustrated in Chapter Communication Protocol. In Extended Analog Outputs mode, the measured quantities formatting is completely transparent for the user, who will receive these quantities converted according to the desired analog output ranges. By typing S (Speed of sound) SoS in the same unit of measurement of SoW. By typing T (Sonic temperature) Sonic temperature calculated by SoS in C. 22

24 By typing E (Errors) Output Data will display three numbers that correspond from left to right to: Error Code Heaters enabling flag (for the models with sonic transducers heating) Number of invalid measurements. The Error Code and the Number of invalid measurements will be active, only in case the function that rejects invalid raw measurements was previously enabled, (by typing M ModeErr on the Setup Menu, see Chapter ). Error Code Table The Error Code is formed by two digits: - The tens digit identifies the sonic transducers with the possible anomaly. The transducers are grouped in couples of fronting elements. The first couple has the upper transducer on the metal support of HD2003 facing North (see Drawing DWG1HD2003). The other couple follow counter anticlockwise. First couple of transducers: code 1 for the lower transducer, 2 for the upper one. Second couple of transducers: code 3 for the lower transducer, 4 for the upper one. Third couple of transducers: code 5 for the lower transducer, 6 for the upper one. - The units digit shows the type of anomaly: Code Anomaly 0 None (coupled to the indication 0 also for the transducer) 1 Transducer circuit power failure. Transducer faulty. Obstruction of the path 2,5,7 Time anomaly or of ultrasonic impulse wave width Other Internal Codes Example: In case of an anomaly of the transducer 4, due to a physical obstruction in the measurement volume that brought about the rejection of 2 raw measurements, in the Output Data string the following set of three numbers will appear: In absence of anomalies, with the heaters on (models with sonic transducers heating): By typing: 1 (Ain1) 2 (Ain2) 3 (Ain3) 4 (Ain4) The arbitrary selection of 1, 2, 3, 4 allows to include in Output Data, the digitalized measurements of the analog quantity at each input IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, (see Fig. 1 - HD2003 junction box and cable), related to Zero and F.S. ranges, configured as in Chapter In the HD2003 Model, the first three Analog Inputs are factory jumpered to the Analog Outputs of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Pressure sensors. By typing 1 (corresponding to Pressure), 2 (corresponding to Temperature), 3 (corresponding to Relative Humidity), you include these quantities in Output Data. 23

25 By typing 5 (U-V-W) Intensity of the three U-V-W Cartesian components, with +/- sign. The + sign indicates that the measured component is oriented in the same direction of the preset reference (see picture DWG1HD2003), otherwise, the sign will be -. The unit of measurements is the same one of SoW. By typing 6 (Speed in U-V) Intensity of SUV, in the same unit of measurement of SoW. By typing 7 (Speed of Wind) Intensity of SoW with the unit of measurement set according to Chapter modes. By typing 8 (Azimuth) Azimuth angle amplitude, calculated according to Chapter 1.1 modes. By typing 9 (Elevation) Elevation angle amplitude, calculated according to Chapter 1.1 modes. By typing 2 (DacXnd): This function is running only after enabling the Management of Extended Analog Output Mode by typing X. DacXnd on Setup Menu, see Chapter Analog range selection and Extended Analog Outputs mode software enabling. The screen page displays: Output ma ma V 4. +/-10 V V 6. +/- 5 V Esc. Exit Enter. Save = 1 Sel: You should type a number chosen among the ones included on the Menu, for the corresponding analog range memorized in the ICP DAS I-7024 interface module (Supplied on request with the correct settings of baud rate, range, unit format, address). After having selected the analog range desired, press [ENTER]] to enable HD2003 in Extended Analog Outputs mode. 24

26 The measurement quantities to be converted in additional analog outputs, should have been selected earlier as illustrated in the SerialOut Menu by typing 1 User. To completely enable the Extended Analog Outputs mode, the electrical connections have to be made as described in the Chapter After turn off and turn on, HD2003 will start sending command strings to the ICP DAS I-7024 module. The analog value will be available for the four desired quantities on its terminal board outputs Unit of Measurement Typed Character: 8 (Wind units) How to select the unit of measurement. The screen page will display: Wind Units 1. m/s Meters per second 2. cm/s Centimetres per second 3. km/h Kilometres per hour 4. knots Knots 5. mph Miles per hour Esc. Exit Enter. Save = m/s Sel: From the Menu you select the unit for SoW and consequently for SoS, U-V-W and SUV. By typing a number chosen among the ones included on the Menu, the corresponding unit of measurement will be displayed. For example, by typing 3 =km/h will appear. After having selected the unit, by pressing [ENTER] you enable the Anemometer to the new unit; the unit will remain unchanged, until a new configuration is given (=m/s Factory Default) Transducer Heating This function, provided on request, refers just to those HD2003.R and HD2003.1R models supplied with sonic transducers heating. On Chapter 1.2.1, the climatic conditions making it indispensable to use the heaters option are indicated. Typed Character: 9 (Heating) How to enable the sonic transducers heating circuit. The screen page displays: Sel: 9 = Y Enable Heat(y/n): You can enable (by typing y or Y ) or disable (by typing n or N ) (=Y Factory Default), the function that controls the sonic transducers heating during critical climatic conditions. Heating prevents the formation of ice or the deposit of sleet/snow on the sonic transducers, guaranteeing their correct functioning. 25

27 Error Management Typed Character: M (ModeErr) How to enable the function that rejects the raw invalid measurements. The screen page displays: Sel: M = Y Enable Err(y/n): You can enable (by typing y or Y ) or disable (by typing n or N ) (=Y Factory Default), the function that rejects the raw invalid measurements. (see Error Codes Table at Chapter ) Extended Analog Outputs Management Typed Character: X (DacXnd) Enabling of Extended Analog Outputs Mode Management. Display: Sel: X = N Enable DacXnd(y/n): You can enable (typing y or Y ) or disable (typing n or N ) (=N Factory Default), Extended Analog Outputs Mode Management. (see Chapter ) Identicode Typed Character: I (ID) How to set the HD2003 identicode. The screen page displays: Sel: I = 1 Identicode Type any alphanumeric character, (0,1,2 9,a,b, z,a,b, Z), to identify univocally the Anemometer (=1 Factory Default). The identicode is used in RS485 Multidrop Communication mode, to address the HD2003 Anemometer used in a two-wired Multidrop network. 26

28 Output Rate Typed Character: R (Output Rate) To set the Output Data transmission frequency for RS232 serial mode and Extended Analog Outputs. The screen page displays: Sel: R = 1 [sec] [Range= 1 to 3600]: It is possible to set the Output Data string transmission frequency for the RS232 serial mode. For the Extended Analog Outputs mode, the frequency at which the command string is transmitted to the ICP DAS I-7024 module, (supplied on request), can be set, that is the frequency at which the four analog outputs of the module are refreshed. You can choose a period from 1 to 3600 seconds, that represents the time between the issue of a string and the next one. Type the digits of the selected number according to the range indicated and then press [ENTER] (=1 Factory Default). This independent from the instrument s Internal Refresh (see Chapter ). 27

29 3.2.4 Logging As shown in Chapter 3.2.3, by typing L on the main Menu, the following screen page will display: Sel: L Gain Chap Identicode Chap Path Len[cm] LevFrw LevRet [us]frw [us]ret ID Gain Heating Thresh. ModeErr DacXnd Y 20 Y N Internal Calibration Parameters Heating Chap Minimum Threshold Chap DacXnd mode Chap Output Data Chap Average intervals Chap / Transmission frequencies Chap / Analog Outputs Chap Unit of measurement Chap Serial Out= User st e Speed of sound, Sonic temperature, Ain1, Ain2, Ain3, Ain4, U-V-W, Speed in U-V, Speed of Wind, Azimuth, Elevation Average Interval (Ain)= 2[min] ( 1[sec] ) Output Rate (Ain)= 1[sec] ( 0[sec] ) Aout= Azi/Ele/SoW/Temp Wind Units= m/s Errors management Chap Press any key... In this page, the values set by the factory calibration and the current configuration of the main parameters that can be managed by the user in the Setup, are summarized. Press any key to go back to the Main Menu. 28

30 3.3 RS485 Multidrop Communication Mode Parameter Setup From the Host Computer, run an RS485 serial communication program, for example DeltaMet8u that can (see Chapter 3.3.2): Transmit commands in agreement with the Communication Protocol of HD2003, toward the Anemometers of the Multidrop RS485 network. Display and record the data and Menu pages received from the queried Anemometers. The Computer Host must have an RS485 serial interface. As an alternative use an RS232/RS485 converter, (see Chapter ), to be set between the RS232 serial port of the Computer Host and the network of HD2003 Anemometers. Set the following communication parameters: Setting the RS485 serial communication program: Bit per second baud rate of each HD2003 in the network Data bit 8 Parity None Stop bit 2 Flow Control None Before connecting the Anemometers HD2003 to the network, set baud rate and identicode per each one of them, using the RS232 Serial Communication mode, (see the Chapters and for the electrical connections). The baud rate, the same for all the HD2003 units in the network, is selected according to Chapter instructions. The identicode must be different for each HD2003 unit in the network, and is selected according to Chapter instructions. Connect the Anemometers to the Multidrop RS485 network, setting the electrical connection as illustrated in Chapters and After power is supplied, each HD2003 unit (Slave) will work in Stand by, continuing to execute its normal measurement cycle, waiting commands from the Computer Host (Master). 29

31 RS485 Multidrop Communication Example HD2003 and HD Computer Host Master COM1 RS232 / RS485 Converter max RS 232 RS Vdc Vdc 2W (Each HD2003 or HD unit) 6W (Each HD2003 or HD unit with heaters) 1200m. max The Analog Input and Output connections remain as indicated in the RS232 Serial mode (see Chapter ). The ICP DAS I-7520 module (supplied on request) can be used as RS232/RS485 converter. 30

32 3.3.2 Communication Protocol The RS485 communication program on the Computer Host can send three types of commands: Output Data Command Analog Input Data Command Setup Command Each command must abide to the set protocol: 1. Before sending the command string, the RS485 communication program must force the serial communication line to the Break Signal (*) (Clearing Mode) status for at least 2ms, then returning to the rest condition (Marking Mode). 2. Immediately after the Break Signal and return to the rest condition, the RS485 communication program must send the command string formed by 4 ASCII characters: Where: <C> <ID> <x> <C><ID><x><x> COMMAND CODE Description M (ASCII code:77) Output Data Command N (ASCII code:78) Analog Input Data Command S (ASCII code:83) Setup Command Identicode of the queried HD2003 unit (An alphanumeric character 0,1..9, A Z, a z) An indifferent character (Any character) In the command string transmitted, you must then specify the Command Code, according to the command use, and the Identicode that identifies univocally the HD2003 unit to which the command is referred. 3. Generally between a command and the next one, according to the transmission baud rate and the correct time synchronization of each HD2003 unit in the network, the following minimum time in milliseconds, according to the set baud rate, must pass: Baud rate ms Only after such time has elapsed, the Computer Host can send a new query to any one Anemometer of the network, even without having received a response from the queried unit that could possibly be faulty. (*) Break Signal The Break Signal suspends the transmission of characters on the serial line setting it to a break status. In this status the voltage level of the transmission line from computer to Anemometer goes from nominal 12V to +12V. The function that generates the Break Signal is available in the programming languages or in the serial communication/terminal emulation programs. 31