The digital divide: how to improve the situation?

Transcription

1 The digital divide: how to improve the situation? Vincent Breton Institut des Grilles du CNRS LPC Clermont-Ferrand Credit: L. Maigne, P. de Vlieger, A. da Costa 1

2 World digital inclusion ( 2

3 Priorities for addressing the digital divide enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness Conclusions of the Sharing Knowledge Workshop, March 2010, Dead Sea

4 enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness

5 Recommendations related to networking The network connections of the Mediterranean and African countries are improving, but many administrative and political obstacles exist, according to the experience of local researchers Raising the awareness of the need and impact of telecom regulations reform and enforcement through internal and external channels should be a priority for policy makers in order to develop networks within these regions exemplary approach of Jordan authorities

6 Network Update EUMEDCONNECT provides the only R&E links to GEANT: 7 MED countries 700 academic and research sites 2m + users Still Mbps capacities Telco markets are still largely uncompetitive

7 Priorities identified at Sharing Knowledge Foundation workshop enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness

8 From a single PC to a grid Farm of PCs Entreprise grid: mutualization of ressources in a company Volunteer computing: CPU cycles made available by PC owners Grid infrastructure: Internet + disk and storage resources + services for information management ( data collection, transfer and analysis) Example: Novartis Examples: Seti@home Decrypthon World Community Grid Africa@home Example: EGEE

9 What is the Grid? The World Wide Web provides seamless access to information that is stored in many millions of different geographical locations In contrast, the Grid is a new computing infrastructure which provides seamless access to computing power, data and other resources distributed over the globe The name Grid is chosen by analogy with the electric power grid: plug-in to computing power without worrying where it comes from, like a toaster 9

10 The grid added value for international collaboration Grids offer unprecedented opportunities for sharing information and resources world-wide Grids are unique tools for : -Collecting and sharing information -Networking experts -Mobilizing resources routinely or in emergency To change: View -> Header and Footer 10

11 The Grid Paradigm Web: Uniform Access to Information and Documents Grid: Flexible and High Performance access to (any kind of) resources 11 Software catalogs On-demand creation of powerful virtual computing and data systems Colleagues Computers Sensor nets Data Stores 50 0 Austria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Italy Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Slovac Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom CERN Armenia Australia Azerbaijan Republic Republic of Belarus Brazil Canada China PR Republic of Georgia Israel Japan Morocco Romania Russia JINR Dubna Slovenia Taiwan Turkey United States

12 Enabling Grids for E-sciencE EGEE ~13,000 users 140,000 LCPUs (cores) 260+ sites 25Pb disk 39Pb tape 12 million jobs/month +45% in one year EGEE-II INFSO-RI Bob Jones - EGEE09 12

13 Enabling Grids for E-sciencE User Communities (in 2009) Consistent doubling every months. High Energy Physics largest users / contributors Growing contributions from other disciplines Domain VOs Users AstroPhy & Astronomy Comp Chem Comp Sci 4 21 Earth Sci Fusion 2 68 High Energy Phys Life Sci Regional Other TOTAL CIC Portal: Accounting Portal: >13000 Registered Users EGEE-II INFSO-RI Bob Jones - EGEE09 13

14 World LHC Computing Grid Taiwan 1% Switzerland 2% Romania 1% Slovenia 1% Australia 1% Denmark 2% Canada 2% Poland 3% Netherlands 3% CPU contribution per country Normalised CPU time (HEP-SPEC06) All LHC experiments - Jan-Dec.2009 Others 7% Spain 4% Russia 4% USA 29% Italy 6% France 10% UK 13% Germany 12% ting/cesga/country_view.html Source: EGEE Accounting Portal 14

15 The French National Grid Initiative Legal framework: Groupement d Intérêt Scientifique (Scientific Interest Group) Partners: Ministère de la Recherche, CNRS, CEA, RENATER, INRIA, INRA, CPU et INSERM Mandate Operate a national production grid infrastructure Foster its adoption by scientific user communities Develop collaboration between grid users and HPC computer scientists Community around Grid5000/ALADDIN research grid Budget: multiannual dedicated funding from the French Ministry of Research (TGIR program) 1M in 2010 for equipment and travel funds Web site: (from May 31st)

16 Are grids only for rich countries? Grids are powerful instruments to address digital divide Clouds are not! All grid users access the same services and resources Requirement: an access point (or User Interface) to the grid There are two conditions Network connectivity Training of local users and administrators 16

17 Other grid infrastructures around the world 17

18 Training events Enabling Grids for E-sciencE EGEE-II INFSO-RI Bob Jones - EGEE09 18

19 The EPIKH Project ( Exchange Programme to advance e-infrastructure Know-How (EPIKH) EU FP7- Marie Curie Actions People - International Research Staff Exchange Scheme (IRSES) Consortium numbers : 23 partners; 18 countries; 4 continents (Africa, Latin America, Asia, Europe); 115 persons involved; >650 researcher-months; >500 secondments; Duration: March, 1, 2009 February, 28, 2013 (48 months) EC contribution: 1,188,000 19

20 The EPIKH Partners Partners in common with EUMEDGRID-Sup 20

21 The EPIKH goals Strategic aims: Reinforce the impact of e-infrastructures in scientific research defining and delivering stimulating programme of educational events, including Grid Schools and High Performance Computing courses; Broaden the engagement in e-science activities and collaborations both geographically and across disciplines. Specific actions: Spreading the knowledge about the Grid Paradigm to all potential users: both system administrators and application developers through an extensive training programme; Easing the access of the trained people to the e-infrastructures existing in the areas of action of the project; Fostering the establishment of scientific collaborations among the countries/continents involved in the project. 21

22 EPIKH secondments programme 1 st Phase: Non-EU EU (selected) Res. Programs 2 nd Phase: EU Non-EU Grid Schools (with 1 st phase tutors) Workshops Cairo, EUMEDGRID-Support Kick-off Meeting,

23 Grants and applications (wiki.epikh.eu) 23

24 Priorities identified at Sharing Knowledge Foundation workshop enable the national research and education communities to connect to the global dedicated research and education network infrastructure deploy advanced collaborative services on top of the network integrate national efforts into sustainable regional infrastructures and foster collaboration and interoperability to encourage inclusiveness

25 The EUMedGrid-Support project Support Action co-funded by European Commission under: Capacities specific program - Research Infrastructures - FP7- INFRASTRUCTURES Project ID Duration: 24 months Start: 1 st January 2010 Budget (EU contribution): 740 k Budget (Total): 867 k

26 Project Partners 14 Partners + 2 Third Parties from 13 Countries [ Partners & Third Parties] INFN, GARR, COMETA CCK CERIST CNRS-IDG HealthGrid CNRST CYNET EUN JUNET HIAST IUGAZA TÜBİTAK, ULAKBIM TRUST-IT University of Malta

27 The EUMEDGRID e-infrastructure March 2008: 25 EUMEDGRID sites deployed in 13 countries, for a total of 1800 connected Servers and about 84 TBs of storage capacity

28 Objectives & Strategic Lines Support the consolidation and expansion of the EUMEDGRID Infrastructure with a special emphasis on sustainability. Top-Down approach: High Level Policy Dissemination Involve institutions and ministries to include einfrastructures in the political agenda Bottom-Up approach: Create a Two Levels network of Competence Centres Involve new user communities Strongly cooperate with other projects and initiatives relevant for the Mediterranean Create critical mass to exploit the available resources and build consensus.

29 A few examples of scientific collaborations on grids in life sciences

30 How grids can help medical development Improve the ability to undertake health innovation Strengthen the integration of life science research laboratories in the world community Provide access to resources Provide access to bioinformatics services Contribute to the development and deployment of new drugs and vaccines Improve collection of epidemiological data for research (modeling, molecular biology) Improve the deployment of clinical trials on plagued areas Speed-up drug discovery process (in silico virtual screening) Improve disease monitoring Monitor the impact of policies and programs Monitor drug delivery and vector control Improve epidemics warning and monitoring system 30

31 Grid-enabled in silico drug discovery FLEXX/ AUTODOCK 1 Million drug-like chemical compounds Molecular docking drug-like compounds AMBER Molecular dynamics 1000 drug-like compounds Complex Costfor in silico experiment: 100 CPU Years Costfor in vitro tests: 1-10$ per compound CHIMERA WET LABORATORY visualization 100 drug-like compounds in vitro tests in vivo tests 20% success rate for in vitro tests 31

32 WISDOM Wisdom-I DataChallenge Malaria Avian Flu Plasmepsin Neuraminidase Wisdom-II Malaria 4 targets DataChallenge Diabetes Alpha-amylase, maltase GRIDS EUROPEAN PROJECTS INSTITUTES EGEE, Auvergrid, Embrace SCAI, CNU TwGrid, EELA, EGEE Academica Sinica of Taiwan EuChina, ITB, Unimo Univ,, LPC, CMBA EuMedGrid BioInfoGrid CERN-Arda, Healthgrid, KISTI More than 15 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals 5 patents on molecules 32

33 WISDOM partners LPC Clermont- Ferrand: Biomedical grid CEA, Acamba project: Biological targets, Chemogenomics HealthGrid: Biomedical grid, Dissemination Univ. Los Andes: Biological targets, Malaria biology Univ. Pretoria: Bioinformatics, Malaria biology SCAI Fraunhofer: Knowledge extraction, Chemoinformatics Univ. Modena: Biological targets, Molecular Dynamics ITB CNR: Bioinformatics, Molecular modelling KISTI Grid technology Chonnam Nat. Univ. In vitro tests Academica Sinica: Grid user interface 33 33

34 Discovering new drugs in Vietnam PDB database > D structures including biological targets for cancer, malaria, AIDS... Question: are these products potentially active against cancer, malaria, AIDS? Hanoï INPC Local DataBase of Natural chemical products extracted from local biodiversity Answer: focussed list of biological targets on which the compound is most active in silico 34

35 Monitoring the evolution of influenza viruses Daily download NCBI International database of influenza genome sequences Grid DataBase Grid DataBase Local database of influenza genome sequences Grid DB parsing Phylogenetic analysis Virtual screening 35

36 Conclusion Addressing digital divide is a complex task Important efforts committed by the European Commission in the field of networks and grids Opportunities to do science differently or at a larger scale using grid infrastructures High energy physics, Life sciences and health, Earth sciences, Climate change High Energy Physics can play a leading role as it does in Europe CNRS will pursue active collaboration with Mediterranean countries Already active collaborations on grids with african countries (Senegal, South Africa) Involvment in EUMedGrid-Support and EPIKH through Institut des Grilles

37 joint EUMEDGRID-Support/EPIKH training & dissemination events in Alger Joint EUMEDGRID-Support/EPIKH School for Grid Site Admnistrators, June, 27 - July, 1, d=3202) Joint EUMEDGRID-Support/EPIKH School for Application Porting, July, 3-14, d=3193) EPIKH Workshop, July, 15, d=329

38 Suggestion: an open source toolkit for the modelling of climate change Background: polemics on climate change «Last» episod: climategate Beyond polemics: lack of consistency between existing models Proposal: build an open source toolkit for the modelling of climate Added value of the open source approach Common tool Transparency Potential consensus Grid added value: distributed data collection 38

39 Grids are learning to speak to each other Grids have different operating systems or middlewares EGEE has glite Open Science Grid (USA) has Globus Japanese grid has Naregi Most desktop grids use Boinc Progress with technology opens doors to interoperability of grids

40 EPIKH school