From intermittent water supply to 24/7. Approach and methodology to face water crisis

Transcription

1 From intermittent water supply to 24/7. Approach and methodology to face water crisis Alessandro Bettin HITACHI Tirana, 04 October 2016 Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved.

2 Segment Constitution* (FY2015) Financial Services *3 Others (Logistics and Other services) *2 11% 3% 19% Information & Telecommunication Systems Smart Life & Ecofriendly Systems 6% Automotive Systems High Functional Materials & Components 9% Revenues 1,034.3 billion yen 14% 7% 10% 21% Social Infrastructure & Industrial Systems *1 Electronic Systems & Equipment Construction Machinery *1: Effective on April 1, 2015, the "Power Systems" became part of the "Social Infrastructure & Industrial Systems. " *2: Hitachi Transport System, Ltd. which is included in "Others" became equity-methods affiliate of Hitachi, Ltd. on May 19, *3: Hitachi Capital Corporation which constitute of "Financial Services" is planned to become equity-methods affiliate of Hitachi, Ltd. in August, Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 1

3 Hitachi Aulos Specialist Division of Hitachi delivering Innovative Solutions for Water Network and Energy Efficiency Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 2

4 Available Fresh Water (2,5% of earth water) 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 68,7% 30,1% 1.2% Snow and Ice Groundwater Surface Water Source: Igor Shiklomanov World Fresh Water Resources, 1993 Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 3

5 How will climate change impact on fresh water security? Heavier and bigger rainfall More rapid discharge Less storage capacity More evaporation Melting of inland glaciers More droughts Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 4

6 The Paradox of Water Loss 1. Extra water available 2. Reduce Energy Consumption 3. Reduce Environmental Impact 4. Less investment for new plants, new pipes, new water resources Better Adaptation to Climate Change Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 5

7 Background inhabitants + turists Average flow from source decreased from 45 l/s to 19 l/s in 2012 Intermittent Water Supply Close reservoir outlets valves overnight Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 6

8 PORTATA (l/s) Audit Water Network UE PALM - AREA URBANA BUCACCIO - MONITORAGGIO PER MODELLO 60 M_ LEAKAGE Minimum Night Use 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 34 l/s Total inflow 18 l/s Real Losses Problems Increased burst frequency Dirty water Air in the plumbing system Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 7

9 Leaks Never Stops Without any leak repairs, leakage increase continuously Leakage trend depends on pressure, pressure transients, network age, network operation IWS increases leakage trend Natural Increase of Leakage measured with MNF Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 8

10 Vision We approach to every network by addressing the causes that increase leakage frequency with the aim of reducing water loss permanently Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 9

11 Air Control is Necessary to reduce burst frequency Problems High pressure surge Vacuum conditions negative for pipe integrity Reduced cross flow, higher energy losses, tremors in the system Higher corrosion for metal pipes and parts Lower pumping efficiency Inaccuracies in flow measurement Cavitation damage H (Air) H (No Air) H(m) Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 10

12 Analysis of Pressure Transients Measurement of Transient Pressure at reservoir outlet (time step 5/100 seconds) Pressure Transient P Min < -7 m P Max > 37 m The negative pressure highlights the presence of an air pocket subject to compression decompression. Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 11

13 Air Control 1. Air venting 2. Evacuation of large volumes of air 3. Allowance of air into the pipe to avoid negative pressure Installation of an air control valve at the critical node Ripartitore dowstream reservoir outlet. Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 12

14 Pressure Management Installation of N.2 PRV (Pressure Reduction Valves) at the inlet of DMAs 2 pilots with day/night setting 4 l/s Leakage Reduction Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 13

15 Leak Detection Leak Pre-location (Leakage Area) Leaks Pinpointing N. 20 Leaks Found STEP TEST 1.Ground Microphone 2.Correlator Tracer Gas Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 14

16 Portata l/s Results VUS S.p.a. Rete Idrica di NORCIA Misura fi Portata al SCAVO sul 200 Before - IWS 0 05/07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /07/ July 2012 After 24/7 Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 15

17 From IWS to continuous supply (24/7) Present Intermittent Supply System Network Operation Water Balance Supply/Demand Balance Initial Water Audit Target achieved? N DMA Setup Target achieved? N Air & Pressure Transients Control Target achieved? N Pressure Management Y Y Y Target achieved? N Leak Detection and Leak Repair Continuous Water Supply System Y Target achieved? Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 16

18 Conclusion IWS increase burst frequency IWS network is affected by pressure transients generated by uncontrolled valves operation IWS increase air transport in water pipes First actions should be directed to calm the network Step by Step process 24/7 can be maintained only if the causes that generate leaks are removed Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved. 17

19 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Alessandro Bettin, Msc Civil Eng. Business Development Advisor Tel: Mobile Hitachi Drives & Automation (Italy) S.r.l. - Aulos division Via Ghisalba 13, Ospiate di Bollate (MI) - Italy Hitachi Europe Ltd All rights reserved.