The Importance of the Distribution Level in the German Electricity System

Transcription

1 The Importance of the Distribution Level in the German Electricity System Great Wall Renewable Energy Forum 2012 Beijing, 10th of December 2012 Marcus Merkel

2 Accept preconditions, core capabilities and complexity of the energy system Power supply and strong networks build the backbone of our modern industrial society. Source: E-Energy 2012 BTC AG Graphik: Microsoft 2

3 German electricity market brief overview on existing market and market design Gross power generation: 610 TWh (EU 27: TWh) Total installed capacity:160.5 GW - 4 major players and 20% others 82.9 GW is connected to distribution networks Network service operation: 4 TSO (fully unbundled); 883 DSOs TOP 20 DSOs operate 60 % of all connections for households 43 Million households; 47 Million metering points; 99.9 % operated by DSOs Status of market opening: 100 % untill 1998 No End-User Price Regulation Numerous nationwide suppliers integrated or independent Average electricity consumption of a household: 3500 kwh p.a. Supplier switching in 2010: 3 Million customers p.a. 3

4 Main responsibilities of a DSO today and in a future energy system Smart Grid Smart Market Economic operation Grid integration and -development cost-efficient and timeefficient Integration of decentralized generation Grid operation Ensure service reliability and quality of supply by forwardlooking network control /power system management Development of new technical solutions and utilization of new potentials of a Smart Market. Economic and intelligent operation of grids as option instead of grid expansion Data management, data processing and data distribution Efficient and secure management of data provided by generators, consumers and other grid connected installations for DSO/TSO and other actors Data Hub / communication and data plattform 4

5 Data: Schematic flow in different market models Scenario 1 DSO and TSO responsible for data distribution Scenario 2 Third party responsible for data distribution. Direct data access by TSO and DSO Scenario 3 Third party responsible for data distribution. No direct data access for TSO or DSO Other actors (incl. TSO) level Third party Third party might induce higher data volume both for transfer and storage DSO level DS state data RES data Consumer data TS state data Data storage Data flow 5

6 The upcoming challenge: consumerization of energy technology by businesses and consumers 2012 BTC AG Source: E-Energy & BTC Graphik: Microsoft 6

7 Why is close involvement of DSO s on the decarbonisation pathway necessary? New dispersed generation already and in the future storages and e-mobility could increasingly be connected to DSO networks on low and medium voltage level. Most demand side flexibility and efficiency will be developed together with informed & connected consumers on DSO level. Field tests show: energy savings of 10% based on good consumer interaction, visualization of meter data and new metering devices are possible. quality expectations on networks and pressure on costs due to regulation will remain high and build the framework for efficient backbone development. DSO will have to facilitate market processes and data exchange.. Renewables Biomass Storage e-mobility Networks climate friendly buildings CHP 7

8 Roles and responsibilities in a Smart Market from a regulatory perspective in Germany Business Modells have to function des-integrated along lines of roles and responsibilities in the European framework. Desintegrated market smart market Network connection, operation & development Micro - Production production Wholesale TSO & DSO Supply Consumption based on Price Signals Energy- Services Federal German Network Agency Combination of Commodities: Water, Heat, Electricity, Gas Consumption on Price Signals 8

9 Why is the DSO level so important for RES integration in Germany? Assessment of connection process in European Member States. Source: RES Integration Project (2012) In Germany currently 97% auf RES is connected to DSO networks Strong increase of installations Main elements of RES Integration: Grid integration (connection, operation, development) Market integration Grid connection (responsibility DSO) is most critical as first stage of grid integration very strong link between grid development on TSO and DSO-level for successful RES-Integration. Long term market integration and control of RES is key. 9

10 Germany has quite low barriers for RES Integration compared to other EU Member states Analysis of detected issues in the respective NREAPs; Red: not addressed in NREAP, Yellow: acknowledged but not solved, Green: addressed by an appropriate solution. Source: RES Integration Project

11 Roles and Responsibilities to facilitate connection and operation of RES in Germany TSO-level Grid connection HV Grid operation HV Priority purchase and transportation of RES Market function (since 2010) sale the whole electricity from RES based on feed-in tariffs on the electricity exchange (2012: 18 bn. for 5 bn) and set EEG surcharge for end users (2012: ct/kwh) for compensation. DSO-level Grid connection LV, MV (HV) Priority grid connection of RES to grid connection point Socialising of connection cost to grid connection point Obligation for grid expansion Grid operation LV, MV (HV) Tariff setting for RES-installations Priority purchase based on feed-in tariffs and distribution (remuneration for feeding) Feed-in management with compensation (curtailment) 2012/12/10 The importance of the distribution level in the German Electricity System EWE NETZ Marcus Merkel 11

12 Today s power supply 380 kv power plants Offshore-Wind-power-plan 220/110 kv EWE NETZ GmbH industrial and business facility Wind-power-plant 20 kv PV-plant CHP 0,4 kv industrial and business facility Cogeneration plant Wind-power-plant biogas plant household household household with CHP with PV PV-plant 12

13 The example onshore wind (MV) in-feed we are not talking about marginal effects Grid load EWE NETZ DSO: Overall consumption vs. wind power generation (20 kv Distribution Grid) MW Overall consumption distribution grid Wind power feed-in 0 November

14 Network areas and layers in Germany Transmission and Distribution Transmission Layer DK Distribution Layer PL NL Amprion 50HzT B L TenneT CZ F EnBW TNG A CH

15 German network infrastructure for electricity (1) Electricity network in Germany, Federal German Network Agency, Monitoring Report 2012, p. 19 Voltage level TSO (1) DSO (1) Total Grid lenght (1) HV km 483 km km HV 90 km km km MV km km LV km km Total km km km 1.8 % 98.2 % 100% Transmission of large scale generation towards high demand areas in Germany Grid integration and distribution of decentralized generation Control of Prosumers Grid operators (TSO&DSO) have to meet and facilitate the challenges of a changing decentralized generation structure. 15

16 Power grid in Germany is not really RES-enabled almost no ICT integration on DSO-level Transmission grids (4) Grid portion: 2% RES portion: 3% Transmission grids: Smart ICT integration Distribution grids (regional) Distribution grids (local) Distribution grids: Not smart No ICT integration *) Grid portion: 98% RES portion: 97% Source: KIT Karlsruher Institut für Technologie *) first pilot installations 16

17 Regional developments according to RES spread between 0.2% and 18.7% in 2010 Federal state Share of Generation from RES Share of EEG-costs Lower Saxony in northern Germany had a share of 18,7 % of the total RES-generation in Source: BDEW

18 Outlook 2012: Grid area of EWE NETZ almost 70 % share of RES Feed-in of electricity based on the Renewable Energy Act (EEG) in Germany: wind, solar, biomass, water and biogas (in LV and MV electricity networks of EWE NETZ) [Mrd. kwh] 13,6 13,4 14,1 14,1 14,0* 46 % 46 % 44 % 56 % 70 %* EEG Anteil EE share Wheeling durchgeleitete of Gesamtstrommenge total distributedewe electricity NETZ * forecast Source: EWE NETZ,

19 EWE NETZ: Maybe one of the most reliable electricity distribution network with high RES penetration in Europe European comparison of power outage times caused by disruptions (EWE NETZ: 2011) [in minutes per year and customer] EWE NETZ Germany (2011) Netherlands (2007) Austria (2009) Italy (2008) France (2009) United Kingdom (2006) Portugal (2007) Spain (2007) Sources: EWE NETZ GmbH; German Federal Network Agency; German Association for Electrical, Electronic & Information Technologies (VDE); E-Control; CEER 19

20 Some examples of the further facilitation of EWE NETZ according to RES Integration EWE NETZ has already connected more than RES-Generators to the low and medium voltage network. The total connected capacity from RES (5 GW) is twice as high as the peak-power consumption (2.4 GW). Within the grid operation we organize the metering and will in 2012 pay approx.1.3 bn. Euro to Generators based on the Renewable Energy Act. Based on feed-in management EWE NETZ together with the TSO secures voltage stability and grid stability 8760 hours p.a. - in 357 cases we were together forced to take actions in northwest Germany in to 2015 EWE NETZ will have to invest 80 Mio. in grid expansion due to EEG. 20

21 Grid development is key for further RES Integration in Germany on DSO and TSO level Schematic length of new transmission lines in Germany till 2020: approx km Schematic length of estimated distribution lines in Germany till 2020: between und km! Quelle: Googlemaps A line from Berlin-Barcelona and return.. that s five to ten times around the earth! 21

22 A possible integrated Solution: System model of the Future Energy Grid (FEG) Generation Marketplace Smart Meter Communication Module Virtual Power Plant Trading Transmission Grid Distribution Grid Heating Grid ICT Transit Storage Smart Home Electric Mobility Consumption Source: acatech STUDY Future Energy Grid 22

23 Thank you for your attention! Marcus Merkel Senior Advisor to the Managing Director EWE NETZ GmbH Oldenburg, Germany

24 EWE: the future of energy from a single source EWE brings together energy, telecommunications and information technology and therefore has all the key competencies for sustainable, intelligent energy supply systems at its disposal This means that the company can develop and operate modern energy supply systems from power generation to network management and from storage to energy use entirely in-house An energy industry pioneer: innovativeness and the focus on integrated infrastructure are the key to EWE's success Strong regional roots: customer proximity and a knowledge of the region's infrastructure drive local energy solutions for local people 24

25 EWE a strong group of companies With annual sales of 7.5 billion EWE is one of Germany's major energy suppliers The EWE Group supplies electricity to around 1.4 million customers and natural gas to 1.5 million customers With a working gas volume of 1.6 billion m³, EWE is one of Germany's major suppliers of storage capacities for natural gas EWE NETZ operates one of Europe's safest electricity grids EWE's eco-power subsidiary NaturWatt markets electricity from renewable energies throughout Germany With around 579,000 customers, EWE TEL is one of the largest regional providers of telecommunications services The wholly owned subsidiary BTC ranks among Germany's largest IT consultancies As a driver of innovation, EWE is heavily involved in research and development 25

26 EWE the multi-service company EWE Group Corporate Centre EWE Energy swb New Markets and ICT EWE AG EWE VERTRIEB GmbH swb AG 2,3 EWE POLSKA Sp. z o.o. 2 VNG AG 1 EWE IMMOBILIEN GmbH Gastransport Nord GmbH EWE NETZ GmbH EWE GASSPEICHER GmbH EWE WASSER GmbH EWE Offshore Service & Solutions GmbH DOTI GmbH & Co. KG 1 Riffgat Beteiligungs GmbH & Co. KG EWE TRADING GmbH swb Vertrieb Bremen GmbH swb Netze GmbH & Co. KG swb Vertrieb Bremerhaven GmbH & Co. KG swb Netze Bremerhaven GmbH & Co. KG swb Erzeugung GmbH & Co. KG swb Entsorgung GmbH & Co. KG EWE Turkey Holding A.Ş. 2 EWE TEL GmbH 2 BTC Business Technology Consulting AG 2 htp GmbH 1 MVR Müllverwertung Rugenberger Damm GmbH & Co. KG 1 1 = Associated company 2 = Subgroup or management company 3 = selected affiliated companies 26

27 EWE The Group in figures (as of 2010) Electricity Natural gas Telecommunications 1 Customers approx million approx million approx. 670,000 (incl. htp customers) Sales 17.8 billion kwh 61.7 billion kwh Network 91,700 km 68,200 km 34,100 km EWE Group 8,828 employees (annual average) Mitarbeiter billion in sales (Jahresdurchschnitt) ,66 million Mrd. in Euro capital Umsatz expenditure 299,2 Mio. Euro Jahresüberschuss 1 TC companies: EWE TEL, BREKOM, BCC htp GmbH is an associated company (EWE s stake: 50 per cent) 27

28 EWE NETZ s business areas: An extensive energy service provider since 2006 Regulated network business Indiscriminate network access for network customers Distribution of electricity and natural gas Planning, construction, operation and maintenance of networks EWE NETZ GmbH Renewable energies Legal obligation to accept renewable energies and remunerate providers Telecommunications network Construction and operation of passive network for TC companies in the Group; utilisation of synergies Technical services Centralised provider of technical services within the Group (heating services, water, offshore, TC service, etc.) Commercial services Invoicing and payment collection for EWE ENERGIE and EWE NETZ 28

29 Key figures for EWE NETZ (as of 2011; IFRS) Annual sales 2.12 billion Employees (annual average; excluding apprentices) 1,655 Capital expenditure 155 million Electricity network 80,530 km 81,090 km Natural gas network 55,100 km 55,430 km Telecommunications network 31,910 km 33,800 km Water network 2,630 km 2,640 km 29