Smart Meters to Monitor Power Quality at Consumer Premises EEA Conference Michael Campbell, Neville Watson, Allan Miller

Transcription

1 Smart Meters to Monitor Power Quality at Consumer Premises EEA Conference 2015 Michael Campbell, Neville Watson, Allan Miller

2 Introduction Power quality (PQ) in the low voltage (LV) networks is largely unmonitored Possibilities, opportunities, and challenges of using advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) for PQ monitoring

3 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

4 Why are we interested in LV PQ? And it is where the customer cares

5 What do we mean by LV PQ? Steady-state voltages Voltage sag/swells Harmonics Flicker

6 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

7 What is a Smart Meter? Time-of-use (TOU) recording Remote reading capabilities 2-way communications* * Distinguishing from remote read only capabilities Source:

8 Other Capabilities Tamper and zero-reading reporting Display of real time consumption to consumers Remote disconnection and reconnection 4 Quadrant metering Load control Outage reporting PQ reporting

9 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

10 Potential Benefits of AMI Consumers reduce their consumption Reduced metering costs Data to support smarter and more targeted network investment

11 Benefits to EDBs Identify underutilization and overloading Does not have to be only reactive to customer complaints Trends, such as increasing harmonics, identified over time Identification and location of faults

12 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

13 Reasons for AMI Deployment Different to overseas regulated deployments Market driven Have effective load control system Metering compliance deadline

14 Progress of Smart Meter Deployment 30 April % of the 1.75 million residential ICPs Steady trend of 15,000 installations per month

15 Residential ICPs AMI Installed at Residential ICPs 2,000,000 1,800,000 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000, , , , ,000 Installed AMI Residential ICPs 0 Jan 2014 Mar 2014 May 2014 Jul 2014 Sep 2014 Nov 2014 Jan 2015 Mar 2015 May 2015 Data source: Electricity Authority EMI

16 AMI Deployment at Residential ICPs by Region Data source: Electricity Authority EMI as at 31 December 2014

17 AMI Ownership Market Share at Residential ICPs December % 10% 1% 1% 59% Advanced Metering Assets (Vector owned) Metrix (Mighty River Power owned) Arc Innovations (Vector Owned) Counties Power Other Data source: Electricity Authority EMI

18 Estimated Breakdown of Smart Meter Models Deployed at Residential ICPs 25% 2% 6% EDMI Elster Landis+Gyr 67% Other/Unknown

19 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

20 Voltage Sag/Swell Resolution 5 cycles EDMI Atlas Series Sag Start Swell Start Hysteresis 0-255% V n 0-255% V n Yes Harmonics Current THD Yes (Except MK10E) Voltage THD Individual Harmonic Measurement Yes (Except MK10E) No Source:

21 Landis+Gyr E350 Series Voltage Sag/Swell Resolution 1 second Sag Start V Swell Start V Hysteresis No Harmonics Current THD Pending firmware update Voltage THD Individual Harmonic Measurement Pending firmware update Pending firmware update Source:

22 Elster grex Voltage Sag/Swell Resolution 2 seconds Sag Start V Swell Start V Hysteresis No Harmonics Current THD Pending firmware update Voltage THD Individual Harmonic Measurement Pending firmware update Pending firmware update

23 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

24 Data Volumes & Communications PQ monitoring increases data volumes Meter memory Communication system Back office systems & data warehousing

25 Data Volumes & Communications 1. Instant reporting when thresholds exceeded High demands on communication system 2. Reporting at set intervals Less use for real time network monitoring Similar to daily reading at present

26 Data Ownership Retailers are/appoint metering equipment providers (MEPs) Who owns the data? Commercial agreements for provision of data? Privacy concerns

27 Load Control Currently load control (ripple control) operated by EDBs AMI gives the technological capability to retailers to also control load for their own purposes Who has priority control?

28 Contents What is advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)? Potential benefits of AMI AMI deployment in NZ Smart meter capabilities Further considerations Alternatives

29 Alternatives Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) Current clamp only Lack of voltage quality information Limited use

30 Conclusions Deployed meter stock possesses some PQ measurement capabilities Capabilities will not be fully realised until benefits to EDBs quantified and issues overcome

31 Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the assistance of Metrix and AMS.

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