What You Should Know About Communication Systems: Business Strategies and Options

Transcription

1 Doug Voda, PPMV Global Segment Leader for Smart Grid February 2015 NRECA TechAdvantage What You Should Know About Communication Systems: Business Strategies and Options

2 The visionary Smart Grid Five Pillars Capacity Reliability Efficiency Sustainability Safety Upgrade/install capacity economically Provide additional infrastructure (PHEVs, Renewables) Stabilize the system and avoid outages Provide high quality power all the time Improve efficiency of power generation Reduce losses in transport and consumption Connect renewable energy to the grid Useful life of products as technology changes Eliminate or reduce risk of harm or injury

3 Distribution Grid Modernization Data and Applications With permission from Boreas Group

4 Smart Grid Applications Hierarchy & Architecture Business Intelligence Switch orders, outages

5 Smart Grid Applications at different Levels in Distribution Networks Device level and/or peerto-peer Self Healing FDIR A group of reclosers, load break switches, and circuit breakers on a feeder operate together to restore power in the most optimal manner Efficiency Volt/VAr Control Manually or remotely control capacitors at the local level utilizing settings based on historic metrics of customer power usage Substation level Coordinated control between groups of reclosers, load break switches, and substation circuit breakers within a substation and possibly with adjacent substations Adding two-way communications and Volt/VAr control software to coordinate and control capacitors, voltage regulators and load tap changers in real time Centralized Coordinated control between groups of reclosers, load-break switches, and substation circuit breakers across the distribution grid Utilizing network management software and an impedance model of the distribution system to optimize the reduction in energy losses and demand

6 Hierarchy, Decision Locations, and Automation stages Layers of communication (Three Tiers) (Peer to Peer) Device to Device, or device to gateway to device Device to Gateway, from Gateway to Device Device to Gateway to Control Center to Gateway to Device Polling and Data Requirements- considerations for data frequency at various layers Cyclic Report by Exception Capacity, Frequency and Latency Protocol applications significantly affect data bandwidth requirement (DNP3.0 L3 requires much less bandwidth than DNP3.0 L), RTU s with deadband feature is a good thing. Switching and Within Communication Networks Time Stamping becomes very important at device level to perform automation using multiple communication layers

7 Taxonomy Structure for Public Power Communications

8 Communications- Utility Applications, Factors by Technology Source: Spgigler Group - Edison Institute Report, March 2009

9 U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, through 2014 (billions) Communications 1,656 1,122 1,628 2,916 Sensors, measurement 4,467 3,997 4,420 6,022 & Control Fast data rates and sufficient bandwidth increases communication benefit AMI HAN Distribution Automation Feeder Automation Device Monitoring Self Healing Voltage Reduction Volt/Var Control Asset Health Monitoring Distributed Generation Source: Spgigler Group - Edison Institute Report, March 2009

10 Results of Analysis from various wireless communication suppliers Several communication suppliers have the bandwidth, and minimal latency to perform fault detection isolation restoration, VVO, distribution automation and backhaul for AMI Separation of the AMI communication from distribution grid management and data backhaul is a common solution due to AMI communication latency and capacity Technology advancements in wireless communication have improved capacity, latency and reduced cost; available frequencies, partitioning and connectivity are improving dramatically Many utilities have underestimated the capacity requirements and the opportunities with wireless infrastructure. Communications for operations control should not be delegated exclusively to IT group Most suppliers are willing to demonstrate performance, take advantage of this and learn what works for your topology

11 Sensor Accuracy & Grounding Considerations Accuracy of Sensors is broken up into 5 classes: 0.3%: Revenue Class Feeder Metering (>99.7% accuracy) For end-customer demand metering (for fair invoicing of energy consumption) 0.5%: Volt-Var Control (>99.5% accuracy) For optimizing grid efficiency via minimizing distribution and/or transmission losses 1%: Voltage Control (>99% accuracy) For precision required to initiate capacitor banks or voltage regulators 2%: Protection (>98% accuracy) For fault detection and automatic restoration of reclosers or switches. 10%: Fault Indication (>90% accuracy) For detection and location of high earth fault currents in solidly grounded grids.

12 APPLICATION FCI Sensors Segmentation by Application & Accuracy x Asset Monitoring FDIR x x x Control x VVC DR x x <0.5% 0.5 1% 1 2% >2% ACCURACY FCI > Clamp-on Fault Current Indicator Asset Monitoring > Condition Monitoring & Diagnostics for Distribution Apparatus FDIR -> Fault Detection Isolation Restoration Control -> Voltage control for Capacitor Banks and Voltage regulators VVC -> Volt-Var Control (Volt-Var Optimization & Conservation Voltage Reduction) DR -> Demand Response and Feeder Metering

13 Sample Roadmap Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION APPROACH CONTEXT THE COST OF INACTION: WHY CHANGE REPORT ORGANIZATION 7 2. GUIDING PRINCIPLES 9 3. TRIGGERING CHANGE THE CORNERSTONE OF THE ADVANCED UTILITY: ASSET MANAGEMENT CENTRAL DATA STORE DATA DEPENDENCIES ENTERPRISE SERVICE BUS - ESB DEFINING BOUNDARIES GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) WORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WMS) COMPUTERIZED MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMMS) OUTAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (OMS) DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION (DA) / SCADA ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURES (AMI) / SMART METER EMERGING TRENDS SUPPORTING SYSTEMS DATA QUALITY CONVERSION / MIGRATION ON GOING MAINTENANCE FACETS OF DATA QUALITY TYPICAL DATA ISSUES DATA QUALITY REQUIREMENTS AN ILLUSTRATED EXAMPLE CURRENT GAPS SGMM ASPIRATIONS WORKSHOP SUMMARY SYSTEMS GAPS BOREAS IDENTIFIED GAPS DEFINING VALUE QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENT PERCEPTIONS PEER COMPARISON PROCESS PEOPLE PEOPLE TECHNOLOGY SWOT ANALYSIS ROADMAP APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE PHILOSOPHY CLOUD COMPUTING RECOMMENDED OPTION MAINTAINING RP3 RATING WITH THE RECOMMENDED OPTION SUMMARY OF IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS CONSIDERED SCHEDULE CYBERSECURITY KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS CUSTOMER OUTREACH PROCESS IMPROVEMENT LINE ASSET DESIGN BUILD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND MAINTENANCE PLANNING VEGETATION MANAGEMENT WORK MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONAL REDESIGN GOVERNANCE TECHNOLOGY SERVICE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK TECHNOLOGY GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE DECISION MAKING CHANGE CONTROL BOARD POWER-USERS MAJOR PROGRAM / PROJECT COORDINATION TECHNOLOGY CAPITAL AND O&M EXPENDITURE BUSINESS CASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS USER SUPPORT AND SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT USER TRAINING OCM PLAN TECHNOLOGY FAIR ORGANIZATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOUR DAY WORK WEEK WEB DEVELOPMENT, CONTENT, AND SOCIAL MEDIA BILLING DEPARTMENT AND IT IT/OT CONVERGENCE RISKS CONCLUSION 106 APPENDIX A ACRONYMS 108 Appendix B Current Application List / Stand Based Integration 110

14 Planning and deploying Technology

15 Investing in FDIR, VVC, Monitoring and Diagnostics factors for financial justification Benefits Availability of Service some increased revenue Apparatus/Hardware life extension Reduced penalties Reduced capital expenditures Reduced unplanned maintenance Higher quality Reduced generation costs Investment Costs Apparatus/Hardware Communications Control and Analytics Design and Installation Training, deployment, spare parts Maintenance Consumer costs and regulatory penalties FDIR Benefit/Cost >1.8 VVC Benefit/Cost >2.6 Monitoring and Diagnostics Benefit/Cost > 6.0 MicroGrid Benefit/Cost > 2.0

16 ABB Oy March 3, 2015 Slide 16 THANK YOU!

17 Contact information If you have further questions please contact Presenter: Doug Voda Company: ABB Contact phone (610) Contact ( doug.voda@us.abb.com)