Cross sector ICT Infrastructure for Asia. Working Group meeting on the Development of Seamless Connectivity December 2014, Bangkok

Transcription

1 Cross sector ICT Infrastructure for Asia Working Group meeting on the Development of Seamless Connectivity December 2014, Bangkok Abu Saeed Khan Senior Policy Fellow LIRNEasia

2 Broadband lags behind voice. Why? Bad news

3 Asia is a diverse market Source: GSMA, The Mobile Economy, ASIA PACIFIC 2014.

4 The great Asian broadband divide Source: GSMA, The Mobile Economy, ASIA PACIFIC 2014.

5 Seattle Washington Montreal Toronto Dallas Los Angeles Chicago New York San Francisco Miami Atlanta Boston Copenhagen Frankfurt Stockholm Amsterdam London Paris Warsaw Madrid Bucharest Sofia Milan Moscow Istanbul Hong Kong Singapore Tokyo Kuala Lumpur Fujairah Doha Amman Seoul Taipei Jakarta Mumbai Kuwait City Dubai $1.28 $1.28 $1.28 $1.28 $1.58 $1.58 $1.64 $1.64 $1.64 $1.77 $1.90 $1.90 $1.25 $1.26 $1.26 $1.32 $1.36 $1.36 $1.36 $1.44 $1.49 $1.50 $1.55 $2.10 $2.20 $6 $6.25 $8 $8 $10 $10 $11 $12 $12 $12.06 $19 $21 $22 Broadband s raw material prohibitive in Asia Median IP transit prices per Mbps per month on Q Prices exclude local access and installation fees. Source: TeleGeography. Publication: Global Internet Geography 2014.

6 Infrastructure divide = Broadband divide Fierce competition Coast coast terrestrial Good competition Terrestrial & submarine Broadband s biggest barrier Poor competition Exclusively submarine

7 Meshed and resilient telecoms ROW Connecting 32 Eurasian countries with EU through 141,000 km of standardized roadways.

8 Each country s share in Asian Highway (There are 10 LLDCs)

9 Submarine networks = Terrestrial networks Landlocked countries = Coastal countries Courtesy: Ciena

10 Roadblocks to affordable Internet Source: The state of Broadband 2012: Achieving digital inclusion for all. ITU/UNESCO Broadband Commission.

11 Costs of civil works in fiber deployment France Approximately 80% United Kingdom Between 70% and 80% Republic of Korea Between 80% and 90% European Union Approximately 80% MENA Approximately 80% OECD average (2008) Between 50% and 80% Right of way (ROW) =?% Source: Harnessing cross sectoral infrastructure synergies. ESCAP. August 27, 2014.

12 Lesson from India: ROW up to $208,000/km. Noting that some states were levying hefty RoW charges, equivalent to Rs 1.27 crore (US$ 208,000) per km, DoT has urged states to scrap such practices, failing which NOFN project costs would shoot up and scuttle the Centre's ambitions of delivering affordable broadband services. DoT has reached out to states as there has scarcely been any progress in laying down optic fibre over the past three years.

13 Lessons from Africa s terrestrial projects Fiber not being buried deep enough Frequent physical damage (accidental and deliberate). Poor quality splicing Intermittent faults and reduction in throughput Poor maintenance of manholes Leads to flooding and cable damage. Poor systems and processes for fault management Sometimes the maintenance companies deliberately sabotage cables to create work for themselves. Source: Philip Bates, Analysys Mason, April 2014

14 Asian Information Superhighway: Core objectives Creating a cross border telecoms consortium of 32 countries being linked through the Asian Highway. Example: Intelsat (Past) and SEA ME WE3/4/5 (Present). Using Asian Highway s right of way (ROW) for open access optical fiber transmission networks. Highways are preferred ROW for long distance telecoms. Each country s road authorities will own the fiber. State ownership and open access guaranteed. No payment is required for ROW. Only the licensed operators will have access to it. No regulatory disruption.

15 Fragility of global IT infrastructure Courtesy: Ciena

16 Hybrid network of TTK: World s largest Rail + Road + Sea Terrestrial length: >76,000 km. Capacity: >1.6 Tbps Peering: PLIX (Warsaw), NIX.CZ (Prague), Espanix (Madrid), MIX (Milan), France IX (Paris), LINX (London), DE CIX (Frankfurt), AMS IX (Amsterdam)

17 TTK at a glance Founded in The open joint stock company Russian Railways owns 100 percent equity in TTK. TTK s fiber optic network spans the entire country of Russia, covering over 55,000 route kilometers. The company operates 21 international gateways that link to nearby countries. With its Eurasia Highway network, TTK is one of the few competitors in Russia on the Europe Asia route. Capacity on the Eurasia Highway network reaches 220 Gbps. TTK is upgrading portions of the system with 40 Gbps wavelengths. Once completed, this upgrade will enable throughput of 1.6 Tbps per fiber pair. TTK jointly owns with NTT a submarine cable from Sakhalin Island to Japan called the Hokkaido Sakhalin Cable System (HSCS).

18 India: Powertel network OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) of 25,000 km. Adding 33,000 km. Overhead. Immune to: fiber cuts, sabotage, vandalism. Coverage over 200 cities and towns. Reliability: 99.99% SLA Multiple self resilient rings of complete redundancy in backbone as well as intra city access networks.

19 Powertel Sans Frontières

20 India: Railtel and GAILTEL Railtel Gas Authority of India Ltd. (GAIL)

21 Gas pipeline + Rail + Road = Fiberail

22

23 World s first: 100G OPGW Network of CFE Telecom in Mexico Source: Xtera Communications, Inc. 2012

24 To slim or not to slim: América Móvil of Carlos Slim controls 70% fixed and 80% mobile markets in Mexico.

25 Crossing the Amazon

26 Cross border multi sector infrastructure sharing by the oil rich countries Middle East Europe Terrestrial System (MEETS) initially provides connectivity between the U.A.E., Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait over a fiber pair acquired from the power grid of GCC Interconnection Authority. First phase RFS is Q at a cost of $36 million. Source: TeleGeography The second phase would extend connectivity to Turkey via Iraq. The consortium members include du, Vodafone Qatar, Zajil, and Zain.

27 Suggested way forward for ESCAP Internal activities 1. Conduct route survey of Asian Information Superhighway. 2. Design the network and assess the costs of C&M. 3. AH members endorse the concept of Asian Info Superhighway and approve the C&M Agreement. 4. Finalize C&MA and award the project. External activities 1. Get engaged with partners (World Bank, ADB, ITU, APT, SATRC, BIMSTEC etc.) 2. Make the long distance telecoms carriers on board. 3. Effectively disseminate the status of Asian Information Superhighway.