International Disaster Response Systems

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1 Workshop TERREX 10 International Disaster Response Systems United Nation (UN) European Union (EU) Mag. Bernd Noggler Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung Abteilung Zivil- und Katastrophenschutz Content 1. Disasters 2. UN-OCHA UNDAC teams 3. EU Civil Protection Mechanism 4. Tools and Activation Mission Example Chile Earthquake

2 Disasters 2 large scale disaster per year (more then 100 people killed) Source: UNDP Disasters 1 medium scale disaster every 2 nd week (11 to 100 people killed) Source: UNDP 2

Increasing numbers of disasters From the Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate Guide (2007) Increasing numbers of disasters DISASTERS ARE INCREASINGLY COMMON The number of disasters

3 Increasing numbers of disasters From the Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate Guide (2007) Increasing numbers of disasters DISASTERS ARE INCREASINGLY COMMON The number of disasters has almost doubled compared with two decades ago. Climate related disasters account for 70% of all disasters, compared with 50% two decades ago. OCHA 2009 EM-DAT SOURCE: EM-DAT 3

of People Affected 143 million 249 million Economic Damages (US$) 34.6 billion 87.

4 Increasing numbers of disasters No. of Disasters No. of Countries Affected Yearly Average No. of People Killed 23,000 82,000 No. of People Affected 143 million 249 million Economic Damages (US$) 34.6 billion 87.6 billion SOURCE: EM-DAT Source: UN-OCHA, 2007 Response mechanism 1. National government mechanisms/systems 2. National RC/RC, nat./local NGOs & other organisations 3. International Agencies (UN, EU, NGOs, ) 4. External Civil Military Assets 4

Armenia EQ 1988 Lessons Learned Lack of international cooperation and coordination Inconsistencies in Team composition and capacity Logistical needs

. UN OCHA s mandate 1971: 1st GA Resolution (2816(XXVI) UNDRO - Disaster Relief Coordinator and its Office) 1991: General Assembly Resolution 46/182

5 Armenia EQ 1988 Lessons Learned Lack of international cooperation and coordination Inconsistencies in Team composition and capacity Logistical needs were ill-defined Inability to communicate with other players.. UN OCHA s mandate 1971: 1st GA Resolution (2816(XXVI) UNDRO - Disaster Relief Coordinator and its Office) 1991: General Assembly Resolution 46/182 created the Emergency Relief Coordinator as the focal point and voice for humanitarian emergencies. The same resolution created the Department for Humanitarian Affairs. In 1998 DHA became OCHA - Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 5

OCHA s mission To mobilise and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international humanitarian actors in order to: Alleviate human suffering in

EU Mechanism objectives 2001: EU - Council Decision October Community Mechanism for Civil Protection (DG Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO) since 2010) General purpose: to provide, on

6 OCHA s mission To mobilise and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international humanitarian actors in order to: Alleviate human suffering in disasters and emergencies; Advocate for the rights of people in need; Promote preparedness and prevention; and, Facilitate sustainable solutions. EU Mechanism objectives 2001: EU - Council Decision October Community Mechanism for Civil Protection (DG Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO) since 2010) General purpose: to provide, on request, support in the event of major emergencies, to facilitate mobilisation of intervention teams, modules, experts and other resources, Close co-ordination with DG RELEX (external relations) if disaster is outside EU to facilitate coordination of assistance intervention provided by the MS; at HQ level and on site 31 member states (500 mio. people) One EU contact point! 6

EU UN relation Recast of Community Mechanism for Civil Protection 08.11.07 Indent 16, Art.

7 EU UN relation Recast of Community Mechanism for Civil Protection Indent 16, Art. 8,7 The United Nations, where present, have an overall coordinating role for relief operations in third countries. (inside the EU it is the EU CP Mechanism!) The operational coordination shall be fully integrated with the overall coordination provided by UNOCHA, when it is present, and respect its leading role. Aim: provide a comprehensive and well coordinated EU civil protection contribution to the overall relief effort EU Mechanism Instruments Civil Protection Financial Instruments 18 Mio Training, Exercises, Transport, Projects, Missions, Information (MIC Daily / Situation last 24 hours / MIC messages /..) Humanitarian Aid / ECHO 500 Mio Projects with NGO s only 7

Monitoring: EU / UN tools EU Monitoring and Information Centre (MIC) EU Emergency Response Centre (planned) UN Geneva and New York and regional desks

8 Monitoring: EU / UN tools EU Monitoring and Information Centre (MIC) EU Emergency Response Centre (planned) UN Geneva and New York and regional desks Tools: UN and EU - databases -> e.g. EU (CECIS) Funding (UN and EU/ECHO and Participating States) Training, UNDAC Handbook, Guidelines (e.g. INSARAG) INSARAG International Search and Rescue Advisory Group Teams: EU CP teams (assessment and co-ordination) UNDAC (UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination) Activation Government of the affected country: Activates bi-lateral assistance; Request for assistance (UN / EU) Media pressure International pressure 8

9 Other Actors 17 International responders Increasing number s and variety of int l responders More states More militaries More RC/RC societies More UN agencies Many more NGOs More private companies More private individuals OCHA

10 Coordination Why do we need coordination? We need to deal with a multiplicity of actors We need to work with limited resources We need to avoid the politicization of aid. We need to avoid gaps, duplications, and assure the responsibility of each humanitarian partner. Who is coordinating international USAR/relief teams? UNDAC teams EU Mechanism teams (focusing on EU relief/teams) Future ASEAN teams How is this done? On-site Operation Coordination Centre (OSOCC) Guidelines (INSARAG, Oslo Guidelines, Tampere Confention) In close cooperation with the local authorities (LEMA) Coordination OCHA

Coordination Erdbeben TIROL International Bilaterale Angebote Angebote über MIC Search and Rescue Teams (THW, Protezione Civile) EU Civil Protection Team EU Civil Protection Module National

11 Coordination Erdbeben TIROL International Bilaterale Angebote Angebote über MIC Search and Rescue Teams (THW, Protezione Civile) EU Civil Protection Team EU Civil Protection Module National Behördliche Einsatzleitungen BOS (FW Rettungen) Infrastruktur Organisationen Militär Koordinatonsstelle / Anlaufstelle für EU CP und UNDAC in Österreich: BM.I UNDAC missions July 1993 to January 2009: 183 missions! Active UNDAC members: about 220 AT: 7 OCHA

EU Mechanism missions - 2009 2002: 3 missions/activations! 2009: more than 14! Trained members: more than 1.

2009: 14 2010: 10 Experts deployed: Average 35 per year DG-ENV 2009 Joint EU - UNDAC activities Joint training Staff Management,

12 EU Mechanism missions : 3 missions/activations! 2009: more than 14! Trained members: more than (Highest level < 10%) Activations 2002: : : 18 (10 inside (3 inside) (10 inside) Mission: 2008: : : 10 Experts deployed: Average 35 per year DG-ENV 2009 Joint EU - UNDAC activities Joint training Staff Management, Assessment, Information Management, International Coordination Joint exercises SweNorEx09 Joint missions 2009: Namibia, Benin, Burkina Faso 2010: Albania, Pakistan, Haiti 12

13 EU UN activities Thank you for your attention! Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit Bernd Noggler Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung / Abt. Zivil- und Katastrophenschutz A-6020 Innsbruck Bernd.noggler@tirol.gv.at 13

This is UNDAC United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination

This is UNDAC United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination The United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) system is a part of the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs