Internet Routing Table Analysis Update. Philip Smith SANOG July 2012 Karachi
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1 Internet Routing Table Analysis Update Philip Smith SANOG July 2012 Karachi
2 Motivation 1998: No one was publishing any Internet routing table analysis Only CIDR-Report reporting on top 20 contributors to routing table, and top 20 bad aggregators With support of APNIC, my weekly reporting report started 23rd February 1999: Routing table size CIDR-Report style reporting on a per-rir basis and many other interesting features
3 Routing Report 16 July 2012 BGP routing table entries examined: Prefixes after maximum aggregation: Deaggregation factor: 2.37 Unique aggregates announced to Internet: Total ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: Prefixes per ASN: Origin-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: Origin ASes announcing only one prefix: Transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 5581 Transit-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 134 Average AS path length visible in the Internet Routing Table: 4.5 Max AS path length visible: 30 Max AS path prepend of ASN ( 51742) 24 Prefixes from unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 400 Unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 131 Number of 32-bit ASNs allocated by the RIRs: 2990 Number of 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 2612 Prefixes from 32-bit ASNs in the Routing Table: 6775 Special use prefixes present in the Routing Table: 1 Prefixes being announced from unallocated address space: 162 Number of addresses announced to Internet: Equivalent to 152 /8s, 228 /16s and 41 /24s Percentage of available address space announced: 69.2 Percentage of allocated address space announced: 69.3 Percentage of available address space allocated: 99.9 Percentage of address space in use by end-sites: 93.0 Total number of prefixes smaller than registry allocations:
4 APNIC Region Prefixes being announced by APNIC Region ASes: Total APNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: APNIC Deaggregation factor: 3.11 Prefixes being announced from the APNIC address blocks: Unique aggregates announced from the APNIC address blocks: APNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 4719 APNIC Prefixes per ASN: APNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 1245 APNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 745 Average APNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.6 Max APNIC Region AS path length visible: 26 Number of APNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 245 Number of APNIC addresses announced to Internet: Equivalent to 41 /8s, 250 /16s and 58 /24s Percentage of available APNIC address space announced: 82.3 APNIC AS Blocks , , , (pre-erx allocations) , , , , , APNIC Address Blocks 1/8, 14/8, 27/8, 36/8, 39/8, 42/8, 43/8, 49/8, 58/8 to 61/8, 101/8, 103/8, 106/8, 110/8 to 126/8, 133/8, 175/8, 180/8, 182/8, 183/8, 202/8, 203/8, 210/8, 211/8, 218/8 to 223/8
5 Global per AS prefix count summary ASN No of nets /20 equiv Max Agg Description bellsouth.net, inc Windstream Communications Inc Korea Telecom (KIX) PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Covad Communications NET Servicos de Comunicao S.A TVCABLE BOGOTA PaeTec Communications, Inc TPG Internet Pty Ltd Cox Communications, Inc Charter Communications Corbina telecom TATA Communications formerly Time Warner Telecom AVANTEL, S.A UniNet S.A. de C.V Telecom Argentina Stet-France Mediacom Communications Corp BSNL National Internet Backbo AT&T WorldNet Services
6 Number of prefixes announced by prefix length /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:19 /9:12 /10:28 /11:82 /12:236 /13:471 /14:843 /15:1520 /16:12288 /17:6364 /18:10783 /19:20870 /20:29725 /21:31551 /22:41196 /23:39211 /24: /25:1235 /26:1486 /27:858 /28:164 /29:61 /30:18 /31:0 /32:23 July 2012 July 2011 Number of prefixes announced by prefix length /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:20 /9:12 /10:26 /11:80 /12:232 /13:464 /14:795 /15:1396 /16:12005 /17:5876 /18:9821 /19:19496 /20:26056 /21:26209 /22:34865 /23:33683 /24: /25:1057 /26:1247 /27:720 /28:198 /29:9 /30:2 /31:0 /32:6
7 Prefixes Smaller than Registry Allocations ASN No of nets Total ann. Description Windstream Communications Inc Covad Communications bellsouth.net, inc Corbina telecom Mediacom Communications Corp Cable One Cox Communications, Inc AVANTEL, S.A PaeTec Communications, Inc Citizens Utilities TEDATA FAIRPOINT COMMUNICATIONS, INC Digital Teleport, Inc Korea Telecom (KIX) GUATEL FreeNet ISP Level 3 Communications, LLC TVCABLE BOGOTA Charter Communications Computer Telephone Corp
8 BGP Routing Table Thousands Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999
9 AS Growth Router supports 32bit ASN ASNs Days since 23rd February 1999
10 Max Aggregation vs Unique Prefixes Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999 Max Aggregation Unique Prefixes Global BGP Table
11 Prefix sizes announced Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999 /19 /20 /21 /22 /23
12 /24s announced Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999 /24s Global BGP Table
13 Address Space announced Millions Addresses (/32s) Days since 23rd February 1999
14 AS Announcements ASes Days since 23rd February 1999 Total ASNs Origin-only ASNs ASN providing Transit & Origin Transit-only ASNs
15 Maximum AS Path Length ASes Days since 23rd February 1999
16 Growth in IPv4 Address Space Allocations IANA address return % Days since 23rd February 1999
17 Looking at Deaggregation CIDR Report Encourages aggregation following CIDRisation of Internet Today: extensive suite of reports and tools covering state of BGP table Routing Report BGP table status on per RIR basis Original CIDR Report and a whole lot more
18 Deaggregation Factor Routing Report One summary takes BGP table and aggregates prefixes by origin AS Called Max Aggregation in report Global and per RIR basis Calculates Deaggregation Factor: Measure of Routing Table size/aggregated Size Global value has been increasing slowly and steadily since records began
19 July 2012 Total Prefixes Global BGP Table 416k prefixes Deaggregation Factor Global Average 2.37 Europe & Middle East 103k prefixes North America 152k prefixes Asia & Pacific 102k prefixes Africa 9k prefixes Latin America & Caribbean 42k prefixes Europe & Middle East 1.88 North America 1.97 Asia & Pacific 3.11 Africa 4.22 Latin America & Caribbean 5.09
20 Deaggregation: RIR Regions vs Global Ratio Days since 23rd February 1999 Global AfriNIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE
21 Asia Pacific Aggregation Savings Summary ASN No of Nets Savings Description PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA TPG Internet Pty Ltd Korea Telecom (KIX) TATA Communications formerly BSNL National Internet Backbo Vietel Corporation BHARTI Airtel Ltd CHINA RAILWAY Internet(CRNET) Bharti Airtel Ltd., Telemedia CNCGROUP IP network: China Reliance Infocom Ltd Internet Digital United Inc Tata Communications Sify Limited Softbank BB Corp Guangdong Mobile Communicatio Primus Telecommunications MIC EGOVERNMENT China Netcom Corp BSES TeleCom Limited
22 Importance of Aggregation Size of routing table Memory is no longer a problem Routers can be specified to carry 1 million prefixes Convergence of the Routing System This is a problem Bigger table takes longer for CPU to process BGP updates take longer to deal with BGP Instability Report tracks routing system update activity
23
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25 Observations Range of operational practices between RIR regions Deaggregation by newer ISPs & developing regions is growing rapidly Is harming the entire Internet RIPE-399 is only a recommendation Hopefully all the RIRs will include pointers with each address allocation Hopefully more ISPs will pay attention to it Training is there most ISPs choose to ignore it
26 Internet Routing Table Analysis Update Questions?
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