Internet IPv4 Routing Table Analysis Update. Philip Smith BDNOG 1 23 rd May 2014 Dhaka
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1 Internet IPv4 Routing Table Analysis Update Philip Smith BDNOG 1 23 rd May 2014 Dhaka
2 Motivation 1998: No one was publishing any Internet routing table analysis Only CIDR-Report reporting on top 20 contributors to routing table, and top 20 bad aggregators With support of APNIC, my weekly reporting report started 23rd February 1999: Routing table size CIDR-Report style reporting on a per-rir basis and many other interesting features
3 Routing Report 10 May 2014 BGP routing table entries examined: Prefixes after maximum aggregation: Deaggregation factor: 2.55 Unique aggregates announced to Internet: Total ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: Prefixes per ASN: Origin-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: Origin ASes announcing only one prefix: Transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 6101 Transit-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 174 Average AS path length visible in the Internet Routing Table: 4.6 Max AS path length visible: 53 Max AS path prepend of ASN ( 50404) 51 Prefixes from unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 1763 Unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 460 Number of 32-bit ASNs allocated by the RIRs: 6656 Number of 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 4963 Prefixes from 32-bit ASNs in the Routing Table: Number of bogon 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 127 Special use prefixes present in the Routing Table: 1 Prefixes being announced from unallocated address space: 452 Number of addresses announced to Internet: Equivalent to 159 /8s, 245 /16s and 97 /24s Percentage of available address space announced: 72.5 Percentage of allocated address space announced: 72.5 Percentage of available address space allocated: Percentage of address space in use by end-sites: 96.4 Total number of prefixes smaller than registry allocations:
4 APNIC Region Prefixes being announced by APNIC Region ASes: Total APNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: APNIC Deaggregation factor: 3.36 Prefixes being announced from the APNIC address blocks: Unique aggregates announced from the APNIC address blocks: APNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 4939 APNIC Prefixes per ASN: APNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 1230 APNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 869 Average APNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.7 Max APNIC Region AS path length visible: 21 Number of APNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 951 Number of APNIC addresses announced to Internet: Equivalent to 43 /8s, 176 /16s and 218 /24s Percentage of available APNIC address space announced: 85.7 APNIC AS Blocks , , , (pre-erx allocations) , , , , , , APNIC Address Blocks 1/8, 14/8, 27/8, 36/8, 39/8, 42/8, 43/8, 49/8, 58/8 to 61/8, 101/8, 103/8, 106/8, 110/8 to 126/8, 133/8, 175/8, 180/8, 182/8, 183/8, 202/8, 203/8, 210/8, 211/8, 218/8 to 223/8
5 Global per AS prefix count summary ASN No of nets /20 equiv Max Agg Description NET Serviços de Comunicação BellSouth.net Inc Korea Telecom Telmex Colombia S.A PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Cox Communications Inc TPG Telecom Limited PaeTec Communications, Inc MegaPath Corporation Global Village Telecom TATA Communications formerly Telecom Argentina S.A TELLCOM ILETISIM HIZMETLERI A Charter Communications National Internet Backbone tw telecom holdings, inc OJSC "Vimpelcom" MCI Communications Services, Mediacom Communications Corp Uninet S.A. de C.V. AfriNIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE NCC
6 Number of prefixes announced by prefix length /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:16 /9:12 /10:30 /11:91 /12:258 /13:486 /14:965 /15:1700 /16:12972 /17:6882 /18:11705 /19:24377 /20:34394 /21:36777 /22:52908 /23:46310 /24: /25:774 /26:934 /27:389 /28:13 /29:20 /30:7 /31:1 /32:12 May 2014 May 2013 Number of prefixes announced by prefix length /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:16 /9:13 /10:30 /11:88 /12:248 /13:485 /14:889 /15:1567 /16:12685 /17:6615 /18:11166 /19:22108 /20:31997 /21:34164 /22:47342 /23:42232 /24: /25:1308 /26:1689 /27:867 /28:45 /29:67 /30:18 /31:0 /32:19
7 Prefixes Smaller than Registry Allocations ASN No of nets Total ann. Description MegaPath Corporation BellSouth.net Inc Cox Communications Inc Mediacom Communications Corp OJSC "Vimpelcom" CABLE ONE, INC PaeTec Communications, Inc Sudanese Mobile Telephone (ZA ITC^Deltacom TELLCOM ILETISIM HIZMETLERI A CenturyTel Internet Holdings, Telmex Colombia S.A Freenet Ltd NET Serviços de Comunicação Frontier Communications of Am TOV "Bank-Inform" FAIRPOINT COMMUNICATIONS, INC Korea Telecom Telconet S.A JSC "Ukrtelecom" AfriNIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE NCC
8 BGP Routing Table Thousands Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999
9 AS Growth Router supports 32bit ASN ASNs Days since 23rd February 1999
10 Max Aggregation vs Unique Prefixes Thousands Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999 Max Aggregation Unique Prefixes Global BGP Table
11 Prefix sizes announced Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999 /19 /20 /21 /22 /23
12 /24s announced Thousands Prefixes Days since 23rd February 1999 /24s Global BGP Table
13 Address Space announced Millions Addresses (/32s) Days since 23rd February 1999
14 AS Announcements ASes Days since 23rd February 1999 Total ASNs Origin-only ASNs ASN providing Transit & Origin Transit-only ASNs
15 Maximum AS Path Length x prepend by AS ASes Days since 23rd February 1999
16 Growth in IPv4 Address Space Allocations IANA address return % Days since 23rd February 1999
17 Looking at Deaggregation CIDR Report Encourages aggregation following CIDRisation of Internet Today: extensive suite of reports and tools covering state of BGP table Routing Report BGP table status on per RIR basis Original CIDR Report and a whole lot more
18 Deaggregation Factor Routing Report One summary takes BGP table and aggregates prefixes by origin AS Called Max Aggregation in report Global and per RIR basis Calculates Deaggregation Factor: Measure of Routing Table size/aggregated Size Global value has been increasing slowly and steadily since records began
19 May 2014 Total Prefixes Global BGP Table 495k prefixes Deaggregation Factor Global Average 2.55 Europe & Middle East 123k prefixes North America 168k prefixes Asia & Pacific 118k prefixes Africa 12k prefixes Latin America & Caribbean 56k prefixes Europe & Middle East 1.97 North America 2.02 Asia & Pacific 3.36 Africa 4.48 Latin America & Caribbean 5.62
20 Deaggregation: RIR Regions vs Global Ratio Days since 23rd February 1999 Global AfriNIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE
21 Asia Pacific Aggregation Savings Summary ASN No of Nets Savings Description PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia TPG Telecom Limited Korea Telecom TATA Communications formerly National Internet Backbone Viettel Corporation BHARTI Airtel Ltd TM Net, Internet Service Prov Guangdong Mobile Communicatio Digital United Inc Bharti Airtel Ltd., Telemedia CNCGROUP IP network China Sify Limited Reliance Communications Ltd.D Tikona Digital Networks Pvt L Hathway IP Over Cable Interne Starhub Internet Pte Ltd Softbank BB Corp The Corporation for Financing China Unicom Shenzen network
22 Bangladesh Aggregation Savings Summary ASN No of Nets Savings Description Augere Wireless Broadband Ban BANGLALION COMMUNICATIONS LTD BRAC BDMail Network Ltd New Generation Graphics Limited aamra networks limited, Link3 Technologies Ltd Agni Systems Limited OptiMax Communication Ltd dhakacom Limited Grameen Cybernet Ltd. Banglad Access Telecom (BD) Ltd ISN, Internet Service Provide Bangladesh Online Ltd Telnet Communication Limited BANGLA PHONE LTD GrameenPhone Ltd CTGONLINE AS, BDCOM Online Limited Bijoy Online Ltd. Multihome I AlwaysOn Network Bangladesh L
23 Importance of Aggregation Size of routing table Memory is no longer a problem Routers routinely carry over 1 million prefixes Convergence of the Routing System This is a problem Bigger table takes longer for CPU to process BGP updates take longer to deal with BGP Instability Report tracks routing system update activity
24 24
25 25
26 Observations Range of operational practices between RIR regions Deaggregation by newer ISPs & developing regions is growing rapidly Is harming the entire Internet RIPE-399 is only a recommendation Hopefully all the RIRs will include pointers with each address allocation Hopefully more ISPs will pay attention to it Training is there most ISPs choose to ignore it
27 Internet Routing Table Analysis Update Questions?
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