Geog 459: Geographic Information Systems. Lesson 2 Laboratory Exercise

Transcription

1 Exercise Description Mapping and interpreting metropolitan growth and decline patterns between 1990 and Course Concepts Presented Sunbelt region, population redistribution, and metropolitan areas. GIS Concepts Utilized Thematic mapping and database queries. Skills Required ArcGIS Version 9.x GIS Platform ArcGIS Version 9.x Estimated Time Required 1 hour Exercise CD-ROM Location Lesson 2\ Filenames Required Metro48.* States48.* Background Information In this lab you examine the process of geographical redistribution of metropolitan population and the Sunbelt concept. The Sunbelt concept is 40 years old, and the exercise allows you to examine what Sunbelt trends were taking place for metro areas in the 1990s. The exercise utilizes ArcGIS software. You will be introduced to map layers and to attribute data connected to them. You will conduct query functions, which can select certain geographical entities based on their attributes. Note: for all of the exercises associated with this class, please copy the files from the CD that contains the work files to your hard disk. These data will work with the ArcGIS 9.1 software that you loaded the first evening of the class.

2 Exercise Procedure Flowchart 1 Get US layer 2 Get metro layer 3 Create thematic classification based on percent change of population 4 Perform queries 5 Perform Sunbelt/ Rustbelt analysis Exercise Procedure Part 1 1. Start ArcMap with the Start using ArcMap with a new empty map checked. Click OK. 2. Click the Add Data button and navigate to the exercise data folder. * Note: If you do not see the folder where you placed the exercise data, you will need to make a new connection to the root directory that holds the data. 3. Add metro48.shp and states48.shp from the Chapter 1 folder. You can add both by clicking on one of the file names, then click on the other one while holding down the Ctrl key on the keyboard.

3 4. Ensure that the metro48 layer appears first in the list under Layers data frame. If not, you can click and drag layers to a new position. 5. Click on the colored box below the states48 under Layers. 6. Click on the Hollow box and Click OK. 7. Right click on metro Click Properties. 9. Click the Symbology tab.

4 10. Click Quantities under Show. 11. Pick the Yellow to Dark Red Color Ramp. 12. Pick Pctchg under Value in the Fields box. (Pctchg represents the percent change in population between 1990 and 2000) 13. Click the Classify button. 14. Change the break values manually or by sliding the blue bars to the following: a. 0 b. 12 c. 20 d. 32

5 e. 86 (already set correctly) Geog 459: Geographic Information Systems 15. Click OK 16. Click Apply and OK to see your new classification applied to the metro48 layer.

6 Part 2: Sunbelt Queries Considering only the metro areas with a growth rate of 20 percent or higher, calculate the percent located in the Sunbelt. 17. Click on Selection from the menu bar and click Select by Attributes 18. Type the following query statement: Pctchg >=20 By Double clicking Pctchg under Fields, Click the >= button, and type in 20.

7 19. Click Apply 20. Click Close 21. Right click on metro48 and click Open Attribute Table and at the bottom of the table you see the number of metro areas selected (83 out of 315). 22. Close the Table and go back to Selection on the menu bar and click Select by Attributes

8 23. Enter the following logical statement to only select these fast growing metro areas located in the Sunbelt (note: SB refers to sunbelt and no means not in sunbelt ): Pctchg >= 20 AND Region = SB 24. Click Apply and Close. Next, open the attribute table by right clicking on metro48 and choosing Open Attribute Table. You see the number of metro areas selected (50 out of 315). You can now compute the percent located in the Sunbelt [(50/83) * 100]. Use your pocket calculator or the calculator on your computer under Accessories. Another question is, are declining metro areas inside or outside of the Sunbelt? 25. Considering only the metro areas which lost population, calculate the percentage of them that are located outside the Sunbelt ( Region = NO ). This can be done in two queries. Pctchg < 0 (selects 23 out of 315) Pctchg < 0 AND Region = NO (selects 20) 26. Considering only the metro areas with a year 2000 population of one million or more (2000 population is represented by POP2000 ) and that lost population between 1990 and 2000, calculate the percentage of those metro areas that are located outside the Sunbelt. (Hint: Keep in mind that the base for your percent calculation is the number of million-plus metro areas that lost population in the 1990s.) POP2000 >= AND Pctchg < 0 Part 3: Compose Map 27. Click Selection and click Clear Selected Features 28. Select Layout View from under View to compose a map for printing. 29. Click File and click Page and Print Setup. Change Orientation from Portrait to Landscape and click OK. Resize the Data Frame to fit the landscape page by clicking a corner and dragging it to fit the page. 30. Click the Insert button to insert a legend. In the first dialog box, make sure that the only legend item is metro48. You can remove states48 by selecting it in the right and click the arrow to move it over to the left column. 31. Click Next and erase the word Legend by backspacing it out.

9 32. Click Next on the next several dialog boxes and click Finish. 33. Now double click on the selected legend. Click the items tab and in the right hand column double click on metro48, click on Properties, click on the General button, uncheck show layer name and uncheck show heading, click Apply and OK. Click OK as you exit back. Reposition the legend to a suitable spot. 34. Click Insert at the Top and insert a Title. 35. Exit ArcMap. located outside the Sunbelt. Part 3: Short Essay Using the Sunbelt metro map you created in Part 1 and the query maps and statistics you computed in Part 2, write a short essay describing the spatial patterns of growing metro areas and declining areas relative to the Sunbelt. Your essay should address whether there are distinct geographic patterns to the growth and decline and offer an explanation as to why these 1990s patterns exist. Did Sunbelt metro areas grow more or less than Non-Sunbelt ones? Your essay should also address whether the concept of the Sunbelt was still as valid in the 1990s, as it was in the period