Making the Most of Raster Analysis with Living Atlas Data. Aileen Buckley, PhD, Research Cartographer Esri - Redlands

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1 Making the Most of Raster Analysis with Living Atlas Data Aileen Buckley, PhD, Research Cartographer Esri - Redlands

2 Spatial Analysis with Online Data Your Desktop Web Device Never scrounge for or download data again - No pre-processing - Reduced risk of processing errors - Increased productivity Large selection of ready-to-use layers Use the most current data - Some real-time or near-real-time services - Historical data available, too - For example, Wayback imagery - 80 versions of World Imagery - Last 5 years Online Content and Services ArcGIS Living Atlas Output can be to a desktop computer or your ArcGIS Online account

3 Online Web Layers as Inputs to Analysis Imagery Layer Source: Image Service based on raster data probably good for analysis Elevation Layer Source: Image Service based on raster data definitely good for analysis Map Image Layer Source: Map Service based on vector data possibly good for analysis - Cached map service analysis is not possible - Dynamic map service possibly good for analysis - Single layer worth a try (depends on how it was served) - Group layers not possible Tile Layer Source: Map Service based on cached raster or vector tiles not good for analysis - Cached map service analysis is not possible Feature Layer Source: Feature Service based on vector data good for analysis

4 Summary of Service Types with Analysis Context Service Type ArcGIS Online ArcGIS Desktop ArcGIS Pro Imagery Layer No Yes* Yes* APIs Yes* Map Image Layer (Dynamic) Yes** No No Yes** Feature Layer Yes Yes Yes Yes * Web Mercator Projection must be managed ** For single layer dynamic map services

5 Content is published by Esri, users, and partners Built by the ArcGIS community and curated by Esri 7cm nearmap imagery Esri Content Partner Content C O M M U N I T Y M A P S AccuWeather Severe Weather User Content ESA Land Cover NOAA Real-time Weather Wayback Imagery

6 Image Services in the Living Atlas of the World The ArcGIS Living Atlas: A great way to browse the possibilities Search: type: image service Use filters (time, regions, Esri-only) Raster data, elevation data, imagery 349 available image services (as of 6/29/208)

7 Browse the Living Atlas Demo

8 How Image Services are Created Stepping Forwards from ArcGIS Pro to ArcGIS Online

9 What is an Image Service? A type of web service that is created by ArcGIS Server The input to an image service is a mosaic dataset The input to a mosaic dataset is one or more raster datasets

10 Raster Datasets Mosaic Dataset (or Datasets optional) (Master) Mosaic Dataset When a raster dataset is added to a mosaic dataset, metadata is created and stored for that raster dataset Mosaic datasets define how their raster datasets are to be viewed and analyzed Image Service Web GIS Image services give others, who cannot see your file system, access to these mosaic datasets without others having to copy them to their local hard drives

11 What is a Mosaic Dataset? Mosaic datasets organize, display, and share raster data collections and individual raster datasets Online help says manage (instead of organize) and container (which is not true) Mosaic datasets do not manage the rasters; instead they describe properties of the raster datasets, thus providing the basis for defining how to display and share the datasets Reference to raster datasets Footprints feature class: includes polygonal extents of each raster dataset and an attribute table of properties Boundary feature class: includes polygonal extent of all raster datasets and how the mosaicked image will be clipped Mosaic datasets are a specification for how to interact with one or more raster datasets, and they are a repository for metadata for and references to those raster datasets

12 Why Use Mosaic Datasets? Much easier than using one raster at a time Allows collections of raster datasets to be used as a single layer with reference to the original data - Use any of many mosaicking methods to get: - Statistical summaries - Preferred displayed rasters (most recent, or in a specific sequence, or based on an attribute) - Supports processing of cells through the use of raster functions or GP tools Allows collections of raster datasets to be shared internally via one mosaic dataset or externally via an image service

13 Where the Pixels on Your Screen Come From Stepping Backwards from ArcGIS Online to the Original Data Source

14 ArcGIS Online Item Page 2 3 Identifies the type of web layer Identifies the Source (the type of service that is exposed) The Source links to the ArcGIS REST Service Directory 2 3 ArcGIS REST Service Directory

15 The ArcGIS REST Service Directory Lets you find the URL to the service, for example, for web apps Lists the service type Lets you preview the service in ArcMap, ArcGIS Online, etc. Lists service level metadata

16 The REST Services directory Is up one level from the service metadata Identifies the server Lists services available on the server Identifies the types of services In this example, all the services are of type = (Image Server) : 3 4

17 The Contents Tab in ArcCatalog 2 Lists the services available on the server Identifies the types of services Note that you cannot get to this if you do not manage the server 2

18 The Service Editor Window in ArcCatalog Identifies the Data Source which is the path to the mosaic dataset Note that you cannot get to this if you do not manage the server

19 The Mosaic Dataset Identifies the raster dataset file name or names Note that you cannot get to this if you do not manage the server

20 The Raster Dataset Identifies the raster dataset properties Note that you cannot get to this if you do not manage the server

21 Adding Living Atlas Image Services in ArcGIS Pro Browse for data and add to a map - Fast and easy - Allows you to see additional Living Atlas content Connect to a server and add data to a map - Allows you to see additional server content

22 When Analyzing Image Services First set the Environment settings - Processing Extent - Snap Raster - Cell Size - If you set Compression: - Use LZ77 (LZW) it is lossless - LERC and JPEG lossy based on compression level; 0 = no loss, and no compression - LERC the higher the bit depth, the better the compression (use this for 32- or 64-bit integer or floating point data)

23 When Saving the Results of Analyses Use the Copy Raster geoprocessing tool When setting the Format (output raster format) - Use Esri grid format to store data in a file geodatabase - Use TIFF to store data outside a GDB (you may then want to check remaining disk space)

24 Add Land Cover Data to a Map Demo

25 Browsing to Add Living Atlas Data From the Map View On the Map tab, click Add Data Click Data In the Add Data window in the pane at the left, click Living Atlas Optionally, search by name or type of service Select the service Click OK

26 Browsing to Add Living Atlas Data From the Catalog Pane Open the Catalog pane Click the Portal tab Click the Living Atlas icon Optionally, search by name or type of service Optionally, browse by category Select the service and drag it onto the map 4 5 6

27 Connecting to a Server to Add Living Atlas Data From the REST Services Directory - Copy the server URL - Not the service URL

28 Connecting to a Server to Add Living Atlas Data 7 From the REST Services Directory Copy the server URL - Not the service URL 4 From the Catalog Pane: Click Favorites - Click Add Item - Click New ArcGIS Server - Paste the URL - Right-slick the server name and click Add to Project - From the Project tab, open and browse the contents 5 6

29 Living Atlas Servers with Image Services Esri s GIS Servers with Image Services: - Landscape 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 0 and ( - Elevation ( - Earthobs2, EarthobsBeta (earthobs2.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services) - Oceans2 (oceans2.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services) Descriptions in the service REST URLs link to corresponding ArcGIS Online content items

30 Using Image Services in ArcGIS Pro

31 Working with Image Services You can save time, effort, and therefore expense - Sometimes you don t need to copy raster data from an image service to your local hard drive waste time, disk space, and resources - Sometimes you ll find it necessary Behind the scenes - Raster datasets, mosaic datasets, and image services are all inputs to raster layers - We commonly use raster layers in: - ArcGIS Online, ArcGIS Pro, and ArcGIS Desktop - We commonly use raster layers for: - Visualization - Analysis geoprocessing inputs and raster functions

32 Are Image Services, Raster Datasets, and Mosaic Datasets Equal? Raster Datasets Sort of, but mosaic datasets and image services also have important properties and they can have function templates - Mosaic properties - Some are described in the Layer Properties window - Some may be described on the Item Details page (use View Metadata in Pro) - You can also check the REST Services directory (link from Pro) - Function templates - Show up as Processing Templates in the Layer Properties window - Used to generate different layers on-the-fly equals? Mosaic Datasets equals? Image Services

33 Image Services in Pro and Desktop Image services come from mosaic datasets, thus: - The table for the layer in Pro or Desktop is the mosaic dataset footprints attribute table (not a raster attribute table) - Sometimes you will see a three band (RGB) image instead - Raster attribute tables will not be available from a mosaic dataset or image service: - Check to see if there is more than one processing template - Default processing template may expose the original pixel values - There may be no processing template that exposes the raster attributes A single raster dataset created from a mosaic dataset will have a raster attribute table Copy Raster

34 Add Terrain Data to a Map Demo

35 Analysis with Living Atlas Image Services Suitable Locations to Grow Grapes for Mountain Wines: Napa

36 When Working with Esri Elevation Data Called Terrain in ArcGIS Online Multi-resolution elevation layer Has a number of processing templates Pop-up on a map shows cell size of the services in meters based on the selected service Environments window shows cell size of the service in meters (based on finest data in the collection) You need to set cell size based on your needs Use recommended values in the layer s metadata or on the ArcGIS Online Item Details page modify relative to other datasets used in the analysis

37 Why Make Mountain Wines in the Napa Area? "Mountain wines are bigger, with more alcohol, more tannin. Valley floor wines are softer and a little rounder, more feminine. The world needs both " Small family estates dominate the Napa mountains, but some large companies have also taken an interest in hillside vineyards.

38 Factors Hillside vineyards often have more varied soils as well as varying altitudes and orientations toward the sun. At higher altitudes the daytime temperatures are cooler, which changes the ripening pattern. Once the land gently rises for several hundred feet up the base of the Mayacamas and Vaca mountain ranges from the valley floor, the hillsides turn steeper and rockier. These vineyards have rockier soils and better water drainage than those on a valley floor.

39 Modeling Viticulture Landscapes Modeling Viticulture Landscapes Topographic Suitability Soil Suitability Land Use Suitability Climate Suitability Common site suitability analysis approach - Create indicators from values Elevation Drainage Class (A-D) Land Cover Average Growing Season Temperature - Weight, if desired - Add the indicators together Slope Depth to Bedrock Fog Line - Obtain a final indicator For this analysis, all data are raster Many of the required data sets are in the ArcGIS Living Atlas Aspect ph (Fertility) Available Water Holding Capacity Jones, Gregory V Modeling Viticulture Landscapes, Geoscience Canada, 3(4).

40 Topographic Suitability Analysis Elevation Range: m Slope Range: 67 Topographic Suitability Range: -2 to 6 Aspect Range: Fog Line Elevation Slope m <300m 0 Aspect Fog Line m >=300m m m m

41 Analysis with Living Atlas Raster Data Demo

42 Related Sessions WORKSHOP Working with Esri Elevation Layers Image Processing Using Raster Functions Building Python Raster Functions Imagery in ArcGIS: What's New Using Living Atlas World Elevation PREVIOUSLY Managing Imagery using Mosaic Datasets and Image Services Using the Living Atlas for Environmental Science LOCATION SDCC Demo Theatre SDCC - Demo Theatre SDCC Demo Theatre SDCC - Room 32 A/B SDCC Room 6A SDCC Room 7B TIME Thu 7/2/208 0:00 AM - 0:45 AM Wed 7//208 2:30 PM - 3:5 PM Thu 7/2/208 0:00 PM - 0:45 AM Thu 7/2/208 2:30 PM - 3:30 PM Wed 7//208 2:30 PM 3:30 PM Thu 7/2/208 4:00 PM 5:00 PM

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