PROCESSING SOFTWARE FOR MAGNETOTELLURIC TIME SERIES

Transcription

1 PROCMT User's guide OFFLINE PROCESSING SOFTWARE FOR MAGNETOTELLURIC TIME SERIES A. Ellighaus Rev. 2. Metroix GmbH Neue Kochehauerstr.5 D-3800 Brauschweig,Germay / Tel / Fax

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3 Copyright Notice The iformatio i this documet is subject of chage without otice ad does ot represet a commitmet o the part of METRONIX. No part of this maual may be reproduced or trasmitted i ay form or by ay meas, electroically or mechaically, icludig photocopyig ad recordig, for ay purpose without the expressed writte permissio of METRONIX.

4 Table of Cotets Table of Cotets Copyright Notice...3 Table of Cotets...4 Used Symbols ad Nomeclatura...6 Itroductio...8 Operatig the Program.... Istallatio System Requiremets Harddisk-Cache Program EMS-Memory Eviromet Variables User Iterface Mai Widow Meu System File Meu Display of Statio ad Chael Cofiguratio Presetatio meu Parameters of Data Aalysis Data Aalysis The DOS-Shell Termiatio of PROCMT Time Series Presetatio Scree Setup Presetatio Modes Widow- ad Scree Cofiguratio Widow Selectio ad Scalig / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

5 Table of Cotets.3.5. Special Fuctios Presetatio of Trasfer Fuctio Scree Setup Widow ad Scree Cofiguratio Widow Selectio ad Scalig Special Fuctios...52 Itroductio to Magetotellurics ad Measuremet Istrumets Itroductio ito Magetotellurics Equatios for PROCMT Bivariate Equatios Remote Referece Method Uivariate Equatios Presetatio of the Parameters Measuremet Systems GMS05 ad MMS03e...59 Chapter 3 Methods of Data Aalysis Aalysis of Time Series Trasformatio ito Frequecy Domai Computatio of the Cross ad Auto Spectra Stackig Algorithms ad Robust Methods Coherecy Scalig of the Spectral Matrices Short Itroductio ito the Robust methods (Outlier Problem) Selective Methods Stackig with Weights (Robust Methods)...78 Appedix A Trasfer Fuctios of GMS05 ad MMS03e...85 A.. Trasfer Fuctio of MMS03e...86 A.2. Trasfer Fuctio of GMS Literature / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

6 Symbols ad Nomeclature Used Symbols ad Nomeclatura Mathematical Symbols Symbol Nomeclature Examples Matrix bold, capital S Vektors bold, lower case a other Variables italics, capital or lower case g i, v, XY * Fuctios lower case, ormal max(...), coh(...) i Real part of a complex umber R{..} Imagiary part of a complex umber I{..} complex coj. values Y *, XY * Average value, with or without weight idirect computed chaels (predicted chaels) a, S Z, XZ * Iteratio-Idices S (j), v (0) 6 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

7 Symbols ad Nomeclature Covetios i Text All ames, foreig laguage expressios ad refereces to figures, tables ad other text parts are prited i Italics. Beside ames of persos also ames of programs, files, modules, procedures ad variables are marked correspodigly. All words which shall be poited out especially are prited i bold. This is also used for all key-descriptios, meu etries ad scree outputs. The wild cards * ad? are used i the same maer as i the DOS operatig system. The * stads for ay strig ad the? for ay character. This abbriviatio is used especially i coectio with file ames ad sometimes with the ames of modules, procedures ad variables. Dereferecig of meu etries or procedures is doe with the. File.Read RTS.Statio B refereces to the meu item Statio B which is to be foud uder meu item Read RTS which fially is to be foud uder the meu file. 7 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

8 Itroductio Itroductio The program PROCMT is a program system for off-lie processig of time series recorded with the Metroix MT-systems MMS03e or GMS05. The followig mai features are implemeted: Display of raw time series of up to 8 chaels Display of calibrated time series Markig of time segmets as bad (time series selectio) Display of spectra Defiitaio of ay equatios (ui- or bivariate) Remote Referece Computatio of cross ad auto spectra ad impedace tesor robust estimatio of cross ad auto spectra Display of apparet resistivity ad phase Program ca read calibratio files for fie calibratio Variable FFT-legth up to 4096 data poits Fully meu operated File hadler icluded Tred elimiatio optioal The program ca hadle a frequecy rage betwee (4096 sec) - ad 892 Hz. Due to the large badwidth a splittig ito differet frequecy bads is ecessary, which are measured idepedetly at the measuremet sites. These frequecy bads are computed by the program separately ad the results for the differet target frequecy lies are calculated. Fially, the results for the differet bads are combied. This results i oe file cotaiig the cross- ad auto spectra of all measured chaels (E ad H) ad of all target frequecies. The time series of the electric ad magetic field compoets are split ito fixed time segmets whose legth ca be determied by the user. Data aalysis is doe for each time segmet resultig i may matrices for each target frequecy (up to several hudred) cotaiig the cross ad auto spectra of all chaels. The umber 8 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

9 Itroductio of segmets ca be icreased as the program also allows a 50 % overlap of the segmets. Normally, the measuremets are affected by more or less strog distortios which may cause wrog results. For this reaso the secod step of data aalysis provides a statistical estimatio of a average spectral matrix. Several algorithms are implemeted ad ca be selected accordig to the requiremets ad the data quality. Furthero, PROCMT icludes optios to display the cofiguratios ad umerous possibilities to display the recorded electromagetic fields i time ad frequecy domai with or without calibratio. The display optio allows a selectio of suitable segmets for the data aalysis ad gives a first impressio of the data quality of the measuremets. Also the results of the apparet resistivity ad phase versus frequecy ca be displayed. This provides a quick impressio of the results of the differet aalysis methods. Either bivariate as well as uivariate equatio sets ca be selected (with or without referece statio). The followig sectios comprise a short summary of the differet chapters of this documetatio ad give a overview about the cotets of the documetatio. Chapter explaies the istallatio ad operatio of PROCMT i detail. Beside the istallatio ad the optimum cofiguratio of a give PC the differet screes ad meus are explaied. Chapter 2 describes the used measuremet methods ad systems as well as the geophysical equatios which defie the combiatio of the measured electromagetic fields. Especially, the splittig of the frequecy spectra ito the differet bads is explaied. I spite of the program allows the defiitio of ay equatio combiig the differet measuremet chaels, there exist some of special iterest which are also explaied here. Additioally, the remote referece mode is demostrated beside the ormal ui- or bivariate sigle site mode. The itetio of this chapter caot be the complete derivatio of the theory, moreeve the backgroud kowledge to uderstad the further chapters (esp. chapter 3) shall be give. Chapter 3 gives a mathematical descriptio of all algorithms ad computig methods used i this program. The first part shows the computatio of the spectral matrices which are calculated from the differet selected time segmets. The aalysis of the time segmets is performed idepedetly for each segmet. By this meas for each time segmet a differet spectral matrix is computed. It is the task 9 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

10 Itroductio of the algorithms described i the secod part to compute a optimum, average spectral matrix for each target frequecy from the may, sigle, raw-spectral matrices (it ca be up to several hudreds) usig statistical aalysis methods. Differet methods are show here which attempt to reach this aim. Appedix A gives a detailled mathematical descriptio of the trasfer fuctios of the MMS03E ad the GMS05 system. The data formats are explaied i the Metroix maual "File Formats of the GMS05". 0 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

11 Chapter Operatig the Program Chapter Operatig the Program / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

12 Chapter Operatig the Program. Istallatio The istallatio of the program is very simple: it is sufficiet to copy the files PROCMT.EXE ad PROCMT.FRQ ito ay directory of your choice. Whe you are i the directory where these two files are istalled you ca start the program by typig PROCMT. However, there are some requiremets to the system which shall be described ow. Furthero, the user ca adapt the program by usig some eviromet variables (DOS-Eviromet) accordig to his requiremets... System Requiremets The program PROCMT has bee developed ad compiled usig the JPI Modula Compiler Topspeed 3. uder MSDOS 5.0 or higher. The program rus o all AT-compatible computers with 386-processor or higher with miimum MByte of RAM. Due to the very high amout of umerical calculatios a 387 coprocessor or better a 486DX or a Petium processor is required. A bigger memory with 4 Mbyte or more is highly recommeded. The programm rus with a so called DOSexteder ad profits from the gai of memory. Eough space for the temporary files ad the result-files has to be provided o the harddisk. The required harddisk capacity depeds o the amout of data to be aalysed. The free harddisk capacity should ot be smaller tha 5 MByte. The maximum space required is about 0 Mbyte - ot icluded the ecessary space to keep the time series files...2 Harddisk-Cache Program Whe the program is ruig it will extesively access to data which is stored as temporary files o the harddisk. Therefore, it is highly recommed to istall a so called Cache-program. Such a program (SMARTDRV.EXE) belogs to the DOS system V5.0 or higher - therefore the istallatio should ot be a problem. Please refer to the DOS maual. Of course aother comparable cache program of a third party distributer could fulfill the same requiremets. Agai, it should be metioed that the program accesses several 0,000 times to the harddisk. A cache program icreases the speed eormously (more tha four times) ad reduces the physical harddisk accesses by a multiple. 2 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

13 Chapter Operatig the Program..3 EMS-Memory The program rus with a DOS-exteder i the so called Protected-Mode. It therefore requires Expaded Memory. A istalled driver, for istace EMM386.EXE, which is icluded i the DOS should be removed or istalled with the RAM optio. It ca be a lie ito your CONFIG.SYS file like: DEVICE=C:\DOS\EMM386.EXE RAM or a similar statemet i order to provide some EMS-memory. Please refer to your DOS maual for further iformatio...4 Eviromet Variables The program flow, especially the access to the files, is maily cotrolled by a umber of eviromet variables (Eviromet). These variables are set with the SET-commad of the MSDOS-operatig system. The best way is to set these variables durig the system iitializatio i the AUTOEXEC.BAT file or i a special batch file which also starts the PROCMT program. The followig chapters give a explaatio of all these eviromet variables...4. PROCMTDIR The program searches i this directory for iitializig files especially for the file PROCMT.FRQ. I case this variable is ot foud i the eviromet, the program searches i the actual directory from where PROCMT is called. Note: It is importat to set this variable i case PROCMT shall be started from aother directory. Otherwise the file with the target frequecies (PROCMT.FRQ) will ot be foud by the program ad the executio is iterrupted with a error message. 3 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

14 Chapter Operatig the Program..4.2 RTSDIR Defies the directory where PROCMT searches for files cotaiig time series after havig started the program. If aother directory is selected i order to read a time series file, this directory will be used by the program i the future automatically as log as the program is ot termiated or aother search path has bee selected. If RTSDIR is ot defied i the eviromet, the program will start searchig for time series files i the directory where you started PROCMT SPMDIR Defies the directory i which the files cotaiig the cross ad auto spectra (*.SPM or *.EDI format files) shall be writte. I case this variable is ot defied the start directory of PROCMT will be selected to store the files SPMTMPDIR I this directory the spectra which have bee computed from the time series are stored. These files exist oly temporarily durig program rutime. I case this variable is ot foud the program will look for the MSDOS stadard variable for temporary files (TEMP resp. TMP). I case this variable is also ot defied the start directory of PROCMT will be selected to store these files. Note: The program will access these temporary files up to several 0,000 times durig the program ru. Due to this reaso a harddisk cache program (f.i. SMARTDRV) should be istalled or the directory SPMTMPDIR is set to a RAM-disk PMTTMPDIR PROCMT uses this directory to write other iterim results of the cross ad auto spectra. Also these files exist oly temporarily. If PMTTMPDIR is ot foud i the eviromet, the program will ot search for the stadard directory for temporary files, but use the start directory of PROCMT. This is ecessary as the temporary files with the cross spectra ca become very big (up to 20 MByte) which may exceed the space for temporary files i some systems - especially whe the stadard directory for temporary files is o a RAM-disk. 4 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

15 Chapter Operatig the Program Note : The program accesses these temporary files very ofte. It is therefore recommeded to use a cache program for the directory PMTTMPDIR, too PMTCOLOR This eviromet variable ca be used i order to chage the preadjusted colours (grey/blue i text mode ad gray/cya i graphic mode) suitable for a moochrome black ad white display. This may be especially ecessary whe a moochrome or greyscale LC-display is used (laptop-computer) as the differet colours caot be distiguished very well o these displays. Five possible adjustmets exist: COLOR MONO Colour display (grey/blue resp. grey/cya) Black letters o bright backgroud MONOINV White letters o dark backgroud LCD MONOINV adjustmet i text mode ad MONO adjustmet i graphics mode GMS05 Special adjustmet whe PROCMT is used with GMS05 The special LCD-adjustmet causes that text ad graphics beig displayed black o a bright backgroud. I the stadard case (Colour-display) the variable PMTCOLOR should be set to COLOR or it ca be omitted completely as the colour display is selected automatically if PMTCOLOR is ot foud i the eviromet. 5 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

16 Chapter Operatig the Program.2 User Iterface.2. Mai Widow Figure.: Mai widow of PROCMT with meu bar The upper part of the scree shows the meu bar. The meu will be described i detail later. The rest of the scree represets the mai widow i which the most importat iformatio about the measuremet data is displayed. Additioal iformatio about the statio ad chael cofiguratio ca be see via the Cofiguratio meu. I the upper third of the mai widow the most importat iformatio about the time series, which has bee read-i is displayed. The user ca see the fileame of the time series file (without extesio) ad the type of measuremet system (MMS03e or GMS05). It follows the ame of the recordig site, the umber of the chaels coected ad fially iformatio about the measured bads. The four lies cotet the local site RTS file with calibratio file ad the RTS ad CAL file of the referece site (for remote referece). 6 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

17 Chapter Operatig the Program The status iformatio about the bad requires some further explaatio: M C There is o data i this bad available Data available, calibratio with theoretical trasfer fuctio of the measuremet system (model fuctio) Data available, calibratio with a calibratio fuctio which has bee gaied with the measuremet system (calibratio files oly exist with the GMS05) Furthero, it ca be see, which bads have bee activated for the time series aalysis. Those bads are redered white. Bads with black status sigs are available but ot disabled for data processig. NOTE: Normally, i the documetatio of the MMS03e the bads are umbered..4. I order to keep the umberig cosistet (same umbers for the MMS03e ad the GMS05), here bad 2 correspods to the origial bad, bad 2 correspods to bad 3 of the MMS03e ad so o. The MMS03e is ot capable to record bad data (frequecy rage 256 Hz Hz) - this ca oly be doe with the GMS05. I the secod part of the mai widow the recordig times for all bads are displayed. The times displayed here show the begiig ad the ed of the period of time durig which data has bee recorded. If a referece statio is loaded these times must ot ecessarily fit with the origial recordig times. The true times ca be see uder the meu item Cofiguratio.Measuremet times. The measuremet period is set to a multiple of the measuremet time of oe sectio of the time series. If, for example, a time widow of 49.6 sec was foud out ad the sectio size has bee set to 2048 poits, the time widow will be set to a multiple of 2 sec (this is the duratio of a recordig of 2048 poits i bad 3; ref. table 2.) ad results i a total of 48 sec. Note: If two statios are read which have o time series recorded at the same time the o measuremet times are displayed o the mai widow. Behid the measuremet times the umber of sectios of time series which fit ito this time widow are displayed. Succeedig to that, you will fid the umber of the selected time sectios ad the umber of the sectios aalysed. It follows the selected sectio legth ad fially the label ov i case overlappig time sectios have bee selected or ts if data is recorded i time slice mode. The meaig of the overlap ad the differet iformatios to the sectios is explaied later. 7 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

18 Chapter Operatig the Program Note: The GMS05 ormally records bad (256 Hz to 892 Hz) ad bad 2 (8Hz to 256 Hz) data i a time slice mode (see GMS05 maual). I this case the lies with the measuremet times are marked with ts at the ed. The displayed ed times for time slice recordig may ot be correct. It is also ot allowed to icrease the time series legth (see chapter.2.4.3) beyod 024 poits ad it is ot possible to use overlappig time series (see chapter.2.4.2). O the lower right corer of the mai widow the adjusted factors for the selective stackig (see selectio with adaptive coherecy threshold) ad the relative width of the Parze-widow are displayed The legth of the sectios is chose i the meu Parameters ad the factors i the meu Aalysis. Further explaatio is give i the correspodig sectios of these chapters. O the lower left corer of the mai widow the actual time ad date is displayed. This display is ot refreshed all the time. Oly whe a output is doe i this widow or a meu item is selected, time ad date will be refreshed..2.2 Meu System The meu cotrol is achieved by selectio of a meu item usig the cursor keys (,,, ) ad pressig the ENTER-key or just by typig the bold letters. These hot keys are oly valid for the meu item beig actually active (frame with double lie). Iitially the mai meu is activated. Whe typig for istace F the file meu will be opeed ad is ow activated. I the followig sectios the sigle meus ad submeus will be described i their fuctio ad mode of operatio. Two meu items of the Presetatio meu are a exceptio here, i.e. the presetatio of time series (Time Series) ad the presetatio of the trasfer fuctios which have bee selected by eterig the equatios (Equatio). Both meu items switch to the graphics mode ad have a user iterface of their ow. Therefore, they are ot described i subchapters, but have ow chapters (see.3 The Presetatio of the Time Series ad.4 The Presetatio of the Trasfer Fuctios). 8 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

19 Chapter Operatig the Program.2.3 File Meu The meu item File compreheds all fuctios to read ad write files. All iputs of fileames are doe by a selectio of files i the iput widow. As the file iput widow is used for most of the fuctios of the File meu, it follows a descriptio of this widow at first. After that all etries i the File meu are described File selectio Widow The title of the widow displays which kid of files shall be read i. Below that you ca see the actual path ame ad the files which shall be displayed. If the etry behid Name is for istace *.SPM oly files with the correspodig extesio will be displayed. If there is a *.* as i the picture prited below, all files will be displayed. Usig the cursor keys ad the keys Home, Ed, PgUp, PgD, a file ca be selected which will be read by pressig the ENTER key. Whe typig ESC you ca leave the widow without readig a file. The iput path ca be chaged by selectio of the two dots ("[..]" stads for the previous directory) or by selectio of a path ame (ame is eclosed i brackets). Figure.2: File selectio widow (file selector) With the TAB-key the user ca switch from the file selectio to the drive selectio table. The drives are selected usig the same keys as used with the file selectio. Whe pressig ENTER the iput path will be set to the correspodig drive. 9 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

20 Chapter Operatig the Program Note: The file selectio widow oly operates properly whe the system variable Lastdrive is set to the last drive istalled i the system; otherwise also drives will be displayed which are ot available at all. A secod problem may occur i coectio with disk drives. I case such a floppy drive is selected ad o or a disk is damaged the program will hag. Therefore it is recommeded to use PROCMT with harddrives (or etwork drives) oly Read Time Series files With the meu item Read Files a submeu is opeed allowig to read the time series ad calibratio files. After selectio of the fileame, iformatio about the status ad the cofiguratio of the correspodig statio will be displayed. Further iformatio is available i the Cofiguratio meu (see chapter.2.4). The meu item Clear all allows to remove the files. Please ote that the statio is removed from the PC s memory ot o the harddisk - the file itself is ot modified at all. If a file is read i, deletio of the previous statio may be omitted. It is sufficiet just to read the ew file - the old file will be overwritte the. Note: I ay case data access to a file is oly a readig oe. The origial files always keep umodified. A accidetly deletio of a file is impossible by this meas Readig of Calibratio Files Readig ad removig of CAL files ito resp. from memory is pricipially doe i the same maer as readig of RTS-files. However, a time series file has to be read before. Oly the it is possible to check whether the CAL-file fits with the read time series file. I case a time series file is deleted or overwritte, the correspodig CAL-file will also be removed from memory. I case the calibratio file is ot compatible with the statio file, i.e. the cofiguratio data of both files do ot fit to eachother, a error message is displayed. A message will also be show i case it is tried to use a Cal-file i coectio with MMS03E data. 20 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

21 Chapter Operatig the Program Note: It is possible that calibratio data is oly available for a part of the bads cotaied i the RTS-file. Oly those bads will be labelled with a C i the mai widow for which calibratio data is available. The other bads will be calibrated with the model fuctio (labelled with M). It is possible that the calibratio file is compatible to the time series file but does ot cotai iformatio about the recorded data. This might happe for example if the calibratio file is gaied with otches switched o, the time series i cotrast have bee recorded with otches switched off Combiatio of Time Series Files The fuctio Lik RTS allows to lik differet time series files. Up to 5 files ca be etered which will be combied to oe sigle file by this optio. For each bad oe file ca be read from the Lik RTS widow. Just selct oe bad ad press RETURN. The stadard file selectio widow will ope ad a RTS file ca be selected. It is ot ecessary to eter a file for all statios. I case a statio is missig the correspodig bad will be set to "ot measured". However, care has to be take that the etered files cotai valid data i the frequecy bad correspodig to the statio latter - otherwise a error message will be displayed. A file ca be attached to several bads. For example: the data of the bads,2,3 of file X ad the data of the bads 4 ad 5 of file Y shall be combied i file Z. This is achieved by readig file X ito the bad s, 2, 3 ad the file Y ito the statio 4 ad 5. After pressig L Key likig of the files will start. A message which asks the user to eter a ame for the ew data file will appear automatically. Just eter a ormal 8 letter file ame without extesio ad fiish the etry by pressig ENTER. As each time series file cotais oly oe sectio cotaiig the statio ad chael cofiguratio data, it is ecessary that all etered files have the same cofiguratio. 2 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

22 Chapter Operatig the Program I.e. all files must have idetical chael cofiguratios ad also the otch filter ad high-pass adjustmets must be idetical. Of course, it is impossible to lik files which have bee recorded with differet measuremet systems (MMS03e ad GMS05). All data which shall be liked must be recorded with the same type of istrumet. If the cofiguratio check has bee fialized successfully ad o error message has bee displayed, you will be asked to eter a ame for the ew file. The program will apped the extesio.rts automatically ad write the file ito the directory from which the last file has bee read. Also whe files are liked together the origial files will ot be modified. I case these files are ot used ay loger they have to be deleted i the DOS commad shell Readig of Spectral Files (*.SPM) The meu item Read SPM allows to read of spectral files (*.SPM format). The statio ad chael cofiguratios will be read from the file as far as possible (for istace o recordig times are cotaied i the file) ad displayed i the mai widow as well as uder the Presetatio meu. It is oly possible to read oe spectral file at the time which, however, may cotai data of up to 5 bads. A deletio of spectral files is ot provided. Whe readig a ew spectral file or a time series file, the old oe will be removed from memory automatically Readig of Spectral Files (*.EDI) The meu item Read EDI allows to read of spectral files (*.EDI format). The fuctio of this meu item is the same like Read SPM. Note: After data processig PROCMT stores the resultig cross ad auto power spectra i two differet file formats. The EDI ad SPM files cotai the same spectral data. Because the EDI files are i ASCII text format ad the SPM files are i biary format readig of SPM files is much faster the readig EDI files. Therefor it is recommeded to rather read the SPM format files. 22 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

23 Chapter Operatig the Program Save PROCMT cofiguratio With the meu item Save Cofig the parameter settigs ad selectio of time series widows ca be stored. The cofiguratio file will have the same ame like the first time series file with the file extesio *.CFG. This optio should be used after selectio of time series. Because the selectio of time series widows take some time a reprocessig ca be doe much faster whe the selectio is stored i a *.CFG file Read cofiguratio file (*.CFG) With the meu item Read Cofig a complete cofiguratio (time series file with parameter settigs ad time series selectio) which was stored before with Save Cofig meu cam be read..2.4 Display of Statio ad Chael Cofiguratio The Cofiguratio meu offers a couple of possibilities to obtai a more detailed overview about statio ad chael cofiguratio tha give i the mai widow Chael Cofiguratio Figure.3: Chael cofiguratio widow 23 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

24 Chapter Operatig the Program The meu item Chael Cofig. presets the chael cofiguratio of each statio read i. The widow provides the followig iformatio for each of the eight chaels for a selected statio: Label Pregai Postgai Distace Agle The chael ame: it ca be a electrical (E) or a magetical (H) sesor which is aliged i N/S (x), E/W (y) or vertical (z) directio. Therefore the chael ames Ex, Ey, Hx, Hy, Hz exist. The preamplificatio of the measuremet istrumet ca be selected separately for each of the chaels. At the MMS03e it ca be, 3, 0, 30, 00 or 300. At the GMS05 it ca be or 6 The postamplificatio (factor, 4, 6 or 64) is oly to be foud i coectio with the GMS05. It is set to whe the MMS03e was used. The probe distace shows the spacig betwee the two electric field probes of a E-dipol. The agle represets the deviatio of the sesor spread from the predefied mai directio (North) i degree. The Ex-chaels ormally poit to the North (0 ) ad the Eychaels to the East (90 ) Notch ad High-pass Cofiguratio The meu item Notch/High-pass idicates the cofiguratio of the otch filters ad of the high-pass i a separate widow (see below). The high-pass ca be switched ' o' or ' off'. If the otch filters are switched o, the correspodig otch frequecy will be displayed - if they are switched off a dash (-) is show. 24 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

25 Chapter Operatig the Program Figure.4: Widow to display the otch ad high-pass cofiguratio Note: It has to be cosidered that the otch frequecies of the MMS03e caot be read from time series files. Due to that reaso the frequecy 50 Hz is always assumed for otch, 50 Hz for otch 2 ad Hz for otch 3. These frequecies are also assumed whe calculatig the model fuctio Target Frequecies The meu item Frequecies opes a widow i which the selected target frequecies ca be displayed. Not all 60 possible frequecies must be used ecessarily - a part of them ca be show as ot used. After the idex umber follows the frequecy i Hertz or secods, tha the umber of the target lie, the radius as a umber of target lies (Fourier frequecies) ad fially the umber of the bad belogig to the frequecy. Figure.5: Widow to display ad edit the adjusted target frequecies 25 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

26 Chapter Operatig the Program With the cursor keys (, ) differet frequecies ca be chose i the widow. Whe pressig the key E the selected frequecy ca be edited ad replaced by ay other. Iput format is here the commo omeclature for floatig poit umbers ( [+ ].[E[+ ]][S] ). Normally, the iput is regarded as a frequecy i Hertz. However, it is also possible to eter values for periods i sec. just be addig a S as the last character after the float umber. Pressig of RETURN will delete the old frequecy ad sort the ew frequecy ito the list. Pressig ESC will abort the iput mode without modifyig the list. I case the etered frequecy is greater tha 892 Hz or smaller tha (/4096 sec) - this frequecy will be sorted at the begiig or the ed of the list ad set to ot used. By this meas frequecies ca be removed from the list. If a ew frequecy shall be added to the list without deletio of a used frequecy, it is sufficiet to select a "ot used" frequecy if available. The maximum umber of frequecies i this list is 60. Note: It is oly possible to eter the frequecies, all the other displayed parameters are computed automatically. It is recommeded rather to use a stadard DOS editor to chaged the frequecies i the file PROCMT.FRQ. The file format is described i the seperate Metroix maual "File Formats of GMS05". Ay chages of the frequecy list doe i PROCMT will chage also the frequecy file PROCMT.FRQ. 26 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

27 Chapter Operatig the Program Recordig Times Figure.6: Widow to display the recordig times for all statios Via the meu item Measuremet times the user obtais iformatio about the recordig times of all bads. I cotrast to the mai widow, here the real recordig times are displayed. The item all: the start ad stop time of the time widow is displayed. Hereby the same coditios cocerig the sectio legth are valid as already discussed at the display i the mai widow (ref. Chapter.2.)..2.5 Presetatio meu The two most importat fuctios of the Presetatio meu, Time series ad Equatios will be explaied i separate chapters (.3 ad.4) because they ru i the graphics mode ad are much more complex i operatio tha the other meu items. The equatio iput o oe had is used to defie those trasfer fuctios which shall be displayed uder meu item Presetatio.Equatios ad o the other had to defie the equatios which shall be used to calculate the multiple coherecy which is required for some of the stackig algorithms. At first the iput of uivariate equatios is described ad tha the more complex oe of the bivariate equatios. Please refer to chapter 2 to get more iformatio about the geophysical equatios. 27 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

28 Chapter Operatig the Program.2.5. Uivariate Equatios Uivariate equatios have the form Z=aX, where Z ad X are ay two chaels. Later the trasfer fuctio a=z/x will be preseted versus the target frequecies (see Chapter.4). At the equatio iput beside the chaels Z ad X it is also decided whether the complex trasfer fuctio will be preseted as a plot of real ad imagiary part or as a plot of apparet resistivity ad phase. Figure.7: Iput widow for uivariate equatios The widow i which the uivariate equatios will be etered (Fig..8) cosists of four mai sectios. The upper part of the widow is a matrix showig the actual chael setup of all the 8 chaels of all 5 statios. A - meas that o chael has bee coected. All chaels which have a valid chael label ca be used for the equatio iput. The middle left part of the widow serves to display all etered equatios ad allows a selectio of the equatio which should be etered ext. The selectio is doe with help of the PgUp ad the PgD keys. The actual equatio will be redered resp. displayed iversely. Up to 32 equatios ca be defied. The display will always show a sectio of 8 equatios. A equatio labelled with a " " will be preseted as amplitude ad phase curve, a equatio ot labelled will be show as a plot of real ad imagiary part. The default is amplitude / phase presetatio. 28 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

29 Chapter Operatig the Program The middle right part of the widow serves to eter the actual equatio which has bee emphasized i the equatio list. The first iput sectio is used to eter the chael o the left side of the equatio, the secod iput sectio below is used to eter the right part of the equatio. The correspodig iput sectio is selected with the cursor keys ( ). The chael iput is doe with the keyboard by eterig the ame of the statio first (keys A, B, C, D or E) ad the the umber of the chael (keys...8). If the chael is occupied, beside the etered statio ad chael umber (for istace A4) also the chael label will be displayed (Ex, Ey, Hx, Hy or Hz). I case the selected chael was ot occupied a double questio mark (??) will be displayed as a error message. If both chaels have bee etered correctly the equatio will be show o the left side. I the lower part of the widow you will fid a "Help"-sectio idicatig all other possible key combiatios. I detail those are: Alt-D (delete) Alt-C (clear) Alt-M (default) Alt-P (presetatio) ESC oder RETURN Deletes the actual (emphasized) equatio. Deletes all equatios. Deletes all equatios ad defies the stadard MT equatios automatically (Ex=aHy ud Ey=aHx) for all statios. Toggles the display mode for the actual equatio betwee real/imagiary ad amplitude/phase display Termiates the equatio iput. Both keys have the same fuctio. Note: The iput widow for uivariate equatios allows the defiitio of all possible combiatios of two differet chaels as a equatio. It is ot checked whether the equatios make sese or ot. I ay case the result will be preseted uder the meu etry Presetatio.Equatio Bivariate Equatios Bivariate equatios have the form Z=aX+bY where Z, X ud Y represet ay three chaels. Later the estimate value of the trasfer fuctio 29 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

30 Chapter Operatig the Program a = ZX YY YX ZY XX YY XY YX respectively b = ZY XX XY ZX XX YY XY YX will be displayed over the target frequecies. Whe eterig the equatio, beside the chaels X,Y ad Z, it is also determied whether the complex trasfer fuctio a or b will be preseted (the correspodig letter will be displayed i capitals) ad whether it shall be preseted as real/imagiary or amplitude/phase plot. Figure.8: Iput widow for bivariate equatios Additioally, there is a possibility to defie equatios with a referece statio (remote referece). This requires the iput of two more chaels X r ad Y r. For the trasfer fuctios i this case it is a = r r r r r r r r ZX YY YX ZY XX YY XY YX respectively 30 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

31 Chapter Operatig the Program b = r r r r. r r r r ZY XX XY ZX XX YY XY YX The meaig of the iput widow correspods almost with that of the uivariate equatios (see previous sectio). I the followig descriptio oly the differeces betwee the uivariate ad bivariate iput widow will be metioed. Istead of two chaels you have to eter three resp. five chaels. The actual equatio is displayed o the left side if all chaels have bee etered correctly. As a additioal fuctio you have the possibility to defie a equatio with a referece statio Alt-R (remote referece) Switches from ormal (bivariate) mode to the remote referece mode. This requires two more chaels (ormally H-chaels of a secod statio). Equatios accordig to the remote referece method are marked o their right side by a rr. The trasfer fuctio will be displayed always as a amplitude/phase plot. Note: Ay possible bivariate equatios ca be etered with ay possible chael combiatio. No check is doe whether the equatios are meaigful or ot. However, the result will be calculated accordig to the above stadig formulas ad also be preseted..2.6 Parameters of Data Aalysis The meu Parameter comprises all possible setups to cotrol data aalysis. The setups met here will ifluece the first part of data aalysis ad the stackig algorithms are iflueced idirectly. A part of the setup (size of sectio ad overlap mode) also iflueces the display of the time series, especially for the selectio of time widows for data aalysis. The effects for the display ad selectio of time series widows are explaied i sectio.3 The display of time series. Note: All possible setups which ca be doe i the Parameter meu must be doe before (!) the display of time series if the default setup is ot used. After the selectio of time widows or after time series aalysis these setups may ot be chaged. Otherwise all iterim results (the widow selectio resp. the temporary spectral matrices) will be lost! 3 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

32 Chapter Operatig the Program.2.6. Selectio of the Active Bads All bads which cotai data will be activated for the data aalysis iitially. The meu item Toggle Bad allows a exclusio of sigle bads. Sometimes it may happe that the program deactivates bads (ot redered i the mai widow) i spite of valid data exists. This happes especially whe switchig from the sequetiel to the parallel mode or vize versa. Those bads must be reactivated maually agai. Activatig of bads without valid data is ot possible ayway Overlappig Widows of Time Series The overlap mode for the time series widows is activated o stadard. With help of the meu item Overlap this optio ca be toggled for each bad separately. It is recommeded to activate the overlap at least if oly a few data for a specific bad is available (i.g. bad 5). The activated optio "overlappig widows" is idicated i the mai widow behid the umber of blocks with the shortform ov. The umber of time widows chages depedig o this optio (double or half) ad is actualized i the mai widow correspodigly. Note: Overlap ca ot be activated for bad ad bad 2 whe they are recorded with the GMS05 i time slice mode. The time slice is idicated by the shortform st behid the umbert of blocks Legth of the Time Series Sectios The sectio size is preselected to 024 data poits for the bads..4 ad to 52 data poits for bad 5. Bigger sectios ormally lead to somewhat better results as the FFT resolutio is improved. I ay case the data processig is faster. Especially the amout of time required for stackig is reduced. As ormally oly a few data is available for bad 5, the preselected widow legth is oly 52 data poits. With help of the meu item Block size, differet widow sizes ca be selected (28, 256, 52, 024, 2048 or 4096). Note: The legth of time series sectios is limited to a maximum of 024 if time series are recorded i time slice mode with GMS05. The time slice mode is idicated by the shortform st behid the umbert of blocks. 32 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

33 Chapter Operatig the Program Width of the Parze-Widow The width of the Parze-widow is preselected to a large radius (L, large) for bads 3, 4, 5, medium for bad ad small radius (S, small) for bad 2. The size of the radius i bad ad bad 2 have bee selected smaller i order to reduce the effects of the electromagetic oise caused by the powerlies to the target frequecies. The meu item Radius allows to select the width of the Parzewidow as show below: S (small) small radius M (medium) medium radius L (large) large radius XL (extra large) extra large radius Note: Oly a relative ad ot a absolute radius is fixed. This meas that the exact size of the parze-widow results from the target frequecy ad the selected relative radius. The ratio of radial frequecy ad target frequecy of a bad is costat..2.7 Data Aalysis Via the meu etry Aalysis.Aalysis RTS the aalysis of the time series will be performed accordig to the algorithms preseted i chapter 3. (tred elimiatio, Haig-widow, Parze-widow, etc.). The adjustmets which have bee doe i the Parameters meu will be respected here. The progress of the data aalysis is idicated i the middle part of the mai widow uder Blocks Comp. Hereby the umber of aalysed time series sectios is displayed. Sectios which have bee rejected durig the presetatio of the time series will be couted also, but they are ot aalysed. Whe havig fiished the time series aalysis the umber of the aalysed sectios will be displayed uder Block. Comp. The iterim results (spectral matrices for all aalysed time series sectios ad all target frequecies) are stored i temporary files. This data is used by the stackig algorithms i order to compute a stacked matrix for each target frequecy 33 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

34 Chapter Operatig the Program accordig to the algorithms preseted i chapter 3.2. The differet methods to compute the spectral matrices are collected uder the meu etry Aalysis.Estimate SPM. Before startig the computatio it is ecessary to have defied the bivariate equatios (see chapter.2.6.2). This is required as most of the stackig algorithms use the multiple coherecy (see chapter 3.2.). The last meu etry Coh. Factor allows to modify the factors for the stackig algorithms with adaptive coherecy threshold. The factor determies the umber of sectios which will be respected durig the stackig - the sectios with the highest coherecy will be selected. The preadjusted coherecy threshold of 0.70 is a good compromise betwee a high degree of freedom ad the rejectio of outliers for most of the measuremets. For time series which have a high amout of oise a smaller facter (up to 0.) ca improve the result sigificatly..2.8 The DOS-Shell Whe selectig the meu item Services.DOS Shell the program will switch back to the operatig system commad lie without termiatig the PROCMT program. All usual DOS commads ad programs ca be performed here. By eterig EXIT you will retur to PROCMT..2.9 Termiatio of PROCMT The program is termiated with the meu item Exit or the key combiatio ALT-X. Before the termiatio of the program ad retur to DOS the security query has to be aswerded with y. 34 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

35 Chapter Operatig the Program.3 Time Series Presetatio Figure.9: Presetatio of the measuremet data as time series The presetatio of the time series maily serves two aims. First of all the data quality ca be checked. For this purpose a couple of differet display modes beside the stadard time series mode are available which allow to display spectra ad calibrated data as well as the compariso of the data with a referece statio. O the other had, sigle sectios of the time series which are obviously affected by oise ca be marked as bad ad excluded for the further processig..3. Scree Setup The scree ca be split ito five sectios: the title lie (first upper text lie) the status lie (secod upper text lie) 35 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

36 Chapter Operatig the Program the meu display (o the right side of the scree) the horizotal axis labels (o the lower border of the scree) the widow where the time series ad spectra are displayed icl. vertical axis labels o the left side At first the sigle compoets are described i more detail. It follows a overview about the fuctio ad cotrol of the display..3.. Title Row The title row shows beside the versio No. the actual date ad time as well as the kid of display mode. Date ad time will be always refreshed whe a part of the scree or the widow cotets is draw. The followig display modes exist: raw time series calibrated time series raw spectra calibrated spectra trasfer fuctio.3..2 Status Lie The status lie shows some iformatio related to the displayed data. First it is displayed whether the statio or the chael mode is activated. I the statio mode the statio idex (A..E) ad the file ame will be displayed additioally. Furthero, the selected bad, the umber of the actual display sectio as well as the umber of all display sectios is idicated. The umber of sectios ad the total umber of sectios for data aalysis follow i brackets (). I [] brackets the umber of sectios which have bee selected for data aalysis are show. A further explaatio about the differece betwee display sectios ad sectios for the data aalysis is give i chapter The Selectio of Time Series Sectios. I case the automatic scalig or the tred elimiatio is activated this will be idicated by a special idicator at the ed of the status lie (auto, tred). 36 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

37 Chapter Operatig the Program.3..3 Meu All available fuctios are listed o the right side of the scree. As the amout of available fuctios caot be listed i oe colum, the meu is subdivided ito three colums which ca be switched with the key M. The meu oly serves as a list of the available commads with a short descriptio of their fuctio. Figure.0: Display of the measuremet data as calibrated spectra The display always shows the fuctio beig presetly active. It may chage depedig o the activated presetatio mode. For example a scalig is ot possible if the spectra is displayed ad by this meas the automatical scalig or maual scalig optio is ot availabe i the meu Scalig ad Axis Labels The vertical axis labels show the upper ad lower widow border for each widow. The lowest row i the display will show the start ad stop time of the preseted 37 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

38 Chapter Operatig the Program recordig display widow i case the time series mode has bee selected. I the middle of this row you will fid the correspodig date. If iside of a display sectio the time oversteps 0.00h the displayed date will belog to the start time. The horizotal resolutio (i.e. umber of data poits) is ot idicated. Note: Whe chagig the umber of data poits i a widow, the umber of data poits of all widows will chage. I order to avoid cofusios betwee the slice of time series displayed i the widow ad the slice of time series used for the aalysis we will distiguish i futere betwee time series slice if the display i a widow is meat ad time series sectio if the data for the aalysis is meat. Note: As metioed before i time slice mode of the GMS05 oly sigle time slices of 024 poits ad o cotious time series are recorded. For that reaso the displayed times for bad ad bad 2 may ot be correct Presetatio Modes Presetatio of Time Series (Ctrl-T: raw time series) This mode shows the data as they have bee recorded (*.RTS bzw. *.03E) Presetatio of Calibrated Time Series (Ctrl-A: calibrated time series) I order to calibrate the data the time series first will be released from a possible mea deviatio from the x-axis (tred elimiatio). The it will be trasformed ito frequecy domai, divided by the theoretical or measured calibratio fuctio ad trasformed back to time domai. I frequecy domai some more data maipulatios are doe. So, for istace, oly the first half of the frequecy bad is take whe the data is trasformed back to time domai. 38 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

39 Chapter Operatig the Program The multiplicatio with a Haig-widow prior to the Fourier-trasformatio is ot performed i order to avoid a distortio of the time series at the widow s edges. This may produce oise i the higher frequecy rage after retrasformatio ito time domai caused by discotiuities o the edge of the time widow. The calibrated time series is released from these distortios as the high frequecy lies are ot used for the backtrasformatio. Aother maipulatio is doe with the bad 2 spectra. The amplitudes of the electromagetic oise caused by powerlies ormally exceed those of the atural sigal sigificatly. By this meas it is ofte ot possible to observe the atural sigal activity i the time series of this bad. Therefore, the frequecy lies of the 6 Hz, 50 Hz, 00 Hz ad 50 Hz icl. their direct eighbor lies are set to zero. Agai, it should be metioed that this is oly doe for the data display ad ot for the data processig Display of Spectra (Ctrl-W: raw spectra) First the time series are released from a systematic deviatio from the x-axis (tred-elimiatio) ad the multiplied with a Haig-widow. It follows the trasformatio ito frequecy domai (FFT). The trasformatio is always doe for sectios with 024 poits idepedetly from the horizotal resolutio of the displayed time series ad also idepedetly from the sectio size set i the meu Parameters Display of calibrated Spectra (Ctrl-S: calibrated spectra) This mode does ot differ much from that of the o calibrated spectra. The spectra are divided by the theoretical or measured calibratio fuctio. I this display mode it is mv 0dB = km Hz for electric field chaels 0dB = T for magetic field chaels 39 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

40 Chapter Operatig the Program Display of the Trasfer Fuctio (Ctrl-F: trasfer fuctio) Figure.: Display of the trasfer fuctio of the measuremet chaels Here ot the trasfer fuctio itself but its reciprocal is displayed. The trasfer fuctio is idetical for all time sectios of a bad Addig a Referece Statio (Ctrl-R: referece statio) The first statio (statio A) is cosidered as the referece statio. I each widow beside the time series or spectra of the selected statio (white lie), the data of the referece statio are preseted (yellow lie). Note: Oly colour screes allow a proper distictio of the two curves. LCD or moochrome displays provide the same colour for remote statio ad referece statio. 40 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

41 Chapter Operatig the Program.3.3. Widow- ad Scree Cofiguratio Chagig the Displayed Bad (Alt-..5: select bad) Allows to chage the displayed bad. Oly bads ca be selected for which data is available Statio Mode (S: statio mode) All chaels of oe statio are displayed. The key combiatios ALT-A to ALT-E select the statio which shall be displayed Chael Mode (C: chael mode) Oly oe chael of all statios is displayed. The key combiatios ALT-F to ALT-F8 select the chael that shall be displayed Selectio of a Statio (Alt-A..Alt-E: select statio) Allows to chage the displayed statio i statio mode. The keys have o meaig i chael mode. Oly those statios ca be selected which have bee selected with the meu item File.Read RTS i the mai program Selectio of a Chael (Alt-F..Alt-F8: select chael) Allows to chage the displayed chaels i the chael mode. The keys have o meaig i the statio mode. Oly chaels with valid data ca be preseted Zerolie (B: baselie o/off) Switches zerolie (dashed lie i the widow) o or off 4 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

42 Chapter Operatig the Program.3.4. Widow Selectio ad Scalig Ope resp. Close a Widow (F..F8: ope/close widow) Hereby the widow with the correspodig chael idex (..8) will be opeed or closed i statio mode. I the chael mode the widow with the correspodig statio will be opeed or closed (toggle fuctio). Widows for which o data is available caot be opeed Ope all Widows (O: ope all widows) Opes all widows Select a Widow (..8: select widow) The active widow is marked by a "*" o its left side. This is importat for two fuctios which refer to the active widow: The virtical scalig usig the cursor keys ud (see ext chapter). Chage of chael polarisatio Ctrl-P (see chapter.3.2.4) Vertical Scalig (, : icrease/decrease vertical scale) Values ca be defied maually for the borders of a widow which are symmetrical to the zero axis (same absolute value, differet sig). The cotets of the widow ad the border values displayed o the left side of the widow are adapted accordigly. Oly the active widow which is idicated by a * will be modified ad oly time series ca be scaled maually. The automatical scalig will be always activated for spectra Automatical Scalig (A: eable/disable autoscale) Activates resp. deactivates the automatical scalig (toggle fuctio). The limits of the widow are selected as small as possible whereby the curve is displayed 42 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

43 Chapter Operatig the Program completely beside some few outliers i the widow. All widows are scaled idepedetly from eachother. Whe the cotets of a widow chages, the limits of a widow will be rescaled automatically. If the automatic scalig is activated, the cursor keys (, )have o fuctio. I the spectra display the automatic scalig is always activated Tred-Elimiatio (T: eable/disable tred Elimiatio) Activates resp. deactivates the tred elimiatio. The average of the displayed widow is set to zero. This optio may used be more frequetly whe bad 4 or bad 5 data is displayed - the time series here ofte have a greater deviatio from the zero-axis. The automatical, ad the maual scalig as well, oly allow a symmetrical scalig (same distace betwee upper ad lower limit from the x- axis). By this meas such time series caot be displayed i high resolutio without tred elimiatio Horizotal Resolutio (+ / : ic./dec. horizotal scale) Modifies the horizotal resolutio. Usig the + key will decrease the umber of displayed data poits (zoom i); the - key will icrease it (zoom out). The max. resolutio correspods to the size of the adjusted legth of a time series sectio but will ot icrease 024 data poits. I case overlappig mode has bee adjusted, the max. resolutio will be half of the legth of a time series sectio selected i the mai scree. A horizotal scalig ca oly be doe if time series are displayed, the spectra will be always preseted i a resolutio of 52 frequecy lies per iterval Next/previous Time Series Slice (, : scroll oe block) The cursor keys ( ad ) will switch to the ext resp. previous sectio of the time series. The umber of the sectio displayed ad the total umber of all sectios will be show i the status display. 43 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

44 Chapter Operatig the Program Jump Five Time Series Slices (PgUp, Pgd: scroll five blocks) This optio allows to jump to the ext or to the previous five sectio usig the PgUp ad PgD keys First Time Series Slice (Pos : select first block) Pressig the HOME key will display the first slice of a time series Last Time Series Slice (Ede: select last block) Pressig the END key will display the last slice of a time series Special Fuctios Chage of Meu Bar (M: chage meu) Pressig the M key will switch from the first to the secod, from the secod to the third or from the third to the first meu bar. This is ecessary as the high amout of fuctios implemeted i the display mode caot be explaied o oly oe meu bar Scree Hardcopy (Alt-H: hard copy) Copies the cotets of the display ito a file. The precise data format is give i the Metroix maual "File Formats". The file will be writte ito the directory which has bee defied with the PROCMTDIR eviromet variable. Up to 99 scree hardcopies are possible ad they are amed with PROCMTTS.H0 to PROCMTTS.H99. These files ca be prited o each priter which is compatible to the EPSON -ESC sequeces. Durig the creatio of the file o other commad ca be etered. 44 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

45 Chapter Operatig the Program Chage of Polarity (Ctrl-P: chage chael polarisatio) Allows to chage the polarity of a specific chael (which has bee activated by the * ). This optio is very useful i case a faulty field set up of the sesors has bee doe accidetly. The optio will oly be performed for the bad selected ad therefore must be repeated for all bads whe ecessary. The data to be modified ca have a legth of up to some MBytes ad the polarity chage may last a while durig which o other iteractios are possible. A correspodig Note o the upper left corer of the scree is give. Please ote that this optio will modify the file o the harddisk! Selectio of Time Series Sectios (space: select block) Pressig the SPACE-bar allows the selectio resp. rejectio of sigle sectios of time series. I case a sectio has bee rejected this will be idicated by a cross ad this sectio will ot be respected i data aalys. Pressig the SPACE-bar agai will delete the cross ad the time series sectio is selected agai. Special care has to be provided whe selectig the time series sectios. The max. possible horizotal scalig should be chose here. The size of the selected sectios is defied i the mai widow. By this meas it may happe, that whe markig a time widow as bad, also the previous or the ext widow is marked i case the sectio size is larger tha the widow size. This may happe if the sectio size is 2048 or 4096 data poits as oly max. 024 poits ca be displayed. If the overlap mode has bee selected, the marked sectios which overlap i the displayed widow will be excluded from the data processig. Note: The selectio of time series souds more complicated tha it really is. The simplest way is to follow this scheme: at first the max. possible horizotal scale is selected by pressig the - key several times. The oe observes all time series sectios ad marks those which seem to be disturbed. Whe havig reached the ed ad oe thiks that ot eough or too may have bee deselected oe ca just jump to the begiig ad select or deselect more sectios. The SPACE-bar operates as a toggle switch. 45 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

46 Chapter Operatig the Program Deselect All Blocks (Ctrl-B: deselect all blocks) All sectios are deselected for the data processig. This optio allows to proceed differetly at the data selectio. Istead of excludig sectios with strog oise you here will iclude those sectios which you wat to select for data processig by pressig the SPACE-bar Select All Blocks (Ctrl-N: select all blocks) By pressig Ctrl-N you select all blocks for the data processig. This optio will delete all deselectios which have bee doe previously Quit Display Mode (Alt-X, Esc: exit ) Quits the time series display. The graphic mode will be left ad the text mode (mai scree) will appear. 46 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

47 Chapter Operatig the Program.4 Presetatio of Trasfer Fuctio Figure.2: Presetatio of the trasfer fuctio The display of the trasfer fuctio allows a quick check of the results of the data aalysis. The trasfer fuctios will be calculated for the etered ui- resp. bivariate equatios (see sectio.2.6) ad the apparet resistivity ad phase will be preseted as amplitude ad phase resp. real ad imagiary part versus frequecy. Please refer to chapter 2.2 to the calculatio of error bars. 47 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

48 Chapter Operatig the Program.4. Scree Setup The scree ca be split ito 5 sectios: the title lie (first upper text lie) the status lie (secod upper text lie) the meu display (o the right side of the scree) the horizotal axis descriptio (o the lower edge of the scree) the widows i which the trasfer fuctios are displayed with their vertical axis labels The followig sectios describe the sigle compoets i more detail..4.. Title Lie Beside the versio umber, the title lie shows the actual date ad time. Date ad time are actualized whe a ew widow is draw Status Lie The status lie shows the kid of equatio (bivariate or uivariate) which is presetly preseted ad the ame of the data file (without path ame) Meu The meu shows all available fuctios with the keystrokes to ivoce them. Fuctios which are ot available i actual display mode will ot be idicated. For istace, the display mode "Display of two equatios i oe widow") is oly available with a horizotal widow cofiguratio. Correspodigly, the key ALT-T with the short descriptio of its fuctio oly appears i the meu bar whe horizotal widow mode has bee selected. 48 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

49 Chapter Operatig the Program.4..4 Scalig ad Labels of the Axis The lowest lie of the scree shows the horizotal widow-axis labelig. The widow is scaled logarithmically with a rage from.0e+4 Hz to.0e-4 Hz. The powers of te are idicated by vertical lies ad the grid which ca be deactivated resp. activated with the B-key (toggle fuctio). The vertical scalig is also logarithmically i case real ad imagiary part or the amplitude is displayed. If the phase is displayed the vertical scale will be a liear oe. The griddig has a distace of 0 the. The vertical scale of the active widow ca be chaged by the +/- ad the PgUp / PgD keys. The axis labels o the left side of the widow will be adapted Widow ad Scree Cofiguratio Chage Number of Widows (Alt-..Alt-8: umber of widows) Defiitio of the umber of widow pairs which are displayed o the scree (real ad imagiary part resp. amplitude ad phase, side by side). This defiitio is oly valid for horizotal widow setup Chage Widow Cofiguratio (Alt-W: widow cofiguratio) At the vertical widow setup, oly two widows will be displayed which are located amog oe aother. The upper oe displays the amplitude or the real part, the lower oe the imagiary part or the phase of a equatio. At the horizotal cofiguratio both widows are displayed side by side ad up to 8 equatios ca be displayed simultaeously. The key combiatio ALT-W toggles betwee the two possible widow cofiguratios. 49 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc

50 Chapter Operatig the Program Presetatio of two equatios (Alt-T: two equatios) I the vertical cofiguratio you ca select the display of oe equatio or two equatios per widow. Always two succeedig equatios will be displayed the. This mode may be of special iterest if you wat to preset both polarisatios of the apparet resistivity ad phase curve i oe display. The result of the first equatio appears i white colour with the boxes filled out. The result of the secod equatio is preseted i yellow ope boxes. If more tha two equatios are selected you may use the ad keys to select the ext. Figure.3: Presetatio of tipper fuctio Show Bivariate Equatios (Alt-B: bivariate equatios) Pressig the ALT-B key displays the bivariate equatios. 50 / Rev. 2. PMT2_E2.doc