NANO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING and MECHANICS. Ken P. Chong PhD, PE, Hon. M.ASCE, F.AAM Interim Division Director Civil & Mechanical Systems Division

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1 NANO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING and MECHANICS by Ken P. Chong PhD, PE, Hon. M.ASCE, F.AAM Interim Division Director Civil & Mechanical Division Director of Mechanics & Materials Polar and Antarctic Programs ($7.6) $350M FY2005 Request ($5.7B) and 05 Increases Staff Offices Biological Sciences National Science Board Director Computer and Information Science and Engineering Education and Human Resources ($13.0M) $600M ($13.4M) $618M ($-167.6M) $771M Office of the Inspector General Integrative Activities (MRI, STC) ($95.9) $240M SBIR/STTR ($0.5M) $104M Engineering Geosciences Mathematical and Physical Sciences Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences ($10.3M) $472M ($15.4M) $729M ($24.0M) $1,116M ($20.9M) $225M

2 NSF Engineering Directorate FY2005 Request Assistant Director John A. Brighton Deputy Assistant Director Michael Reischman ($10.3M) $471.8M Senior Advisor Mike Roco Bioengineering & Environmental BES Civil & Mechanical CMS ($-1.3M) $49.8M ($18.3M) $85.5M Chemical Chemical & Transport Transport CTS CTS ($-1.7M) ($0.5M) $68.9M) $67.2M Bruce Hamilton Ken Chong Richard Buckius SBIR/STTR* SBIR/STTR* ($0.5M) $104.1M Design, Manufacture & Industrial Innovation DMII Electrical & Communications ECS ($-1.9M) $72.7M Engineering Education & Centers EEC ($0.1M) $65.9M ($-3.3M) $130.7M Kesh Narayanan Warren DeVries Vasu Varadan *NSF-wide program now changed to Office of Industrial Innovation Gary Gabriele M. ROCO, ~2002

3 CONGRESS Coordinates NNI NNI SMIG/eng SMIG/eng Budget Budget COV COV Example for an agency NSF NSE NSE Group Group NIRT, NIRT, NSEC, NSEC, NER, NER, NSEE, NSEE, NNIN, NNIN, NCN, NCN, Nano Nano in in Core Core Academe Academe Industry Industry OLPA OLPA ProfOrg ProfOrg Internat. Internat. White House/ OSTP/ CT OMB OMB NSTC / NSET Nanoscale Science, Engineering and Technology Subcommittee NNCO NNCO PCAST PCAST Working Working Groups Groups Independent Agencies (8) (8) EPA, EPA, FDA, FDA, NASA, NASA, NIH, NIH, NIOSH, NRC, NRC, NSF, NSF, ITIC ITIC Academe Academe Industry Industry States States Public Public Media Media International International organizations organizations Departments (9) (9) DOC DOC // NIST, NIST, DOD, DOD, DOE, DOE, DOJ, DOJ, DOS, DOS, DOT, DOT, DOTreas, DHS, DHS, USDA USDA National Initiative Coordination First NNI strategic plan ( ): R&D funding by Agency Fiscal year (all in million $) 2000 Actual Enact/Actual Enact/Actual Enact/Actual Req./Actual Req/Est. NSF / / / / /338 DOD / / / / /257 DOE / / / / /210 HHS / /59 65 /78 70 /108 89/145 NASA 5 20 /22 35 /35 33 /36 31 /47 35/45 NIST 8 10 / /77 66 /64 62 /77 53/75 EPA - /5.8 5 /6 5 /5 5 /5 5/5 Homeland Security (TSA) - 2 /2 2 /1 2 /1 1/1 Department of Agriculture - / /0 1 /1 10 /2 5/3 Department of Justice - / /1 1.4 /1 1.4 /2 1/2 Congressional ads-ons at DOD TOTAL / / / / / % +50% +35% +16% + 13% - Industry, state and local organizations: about 1.5 times NNI budget in NSET departments / agencies, including: OSTP, NSTC, OMB, DOC, DOS, DOT, DOTreas, FDA, NRC, DHS, IC, NIOSH, USPTO; partnerships with others NNI budget: 65% to academia; 25% - R&D labs; 10% - industry (7% SBIR) MC Roco

4 NanoScience Institute of the West; CA, OR, WA Northern CA Nano Initiative Girvan Institute California NanoSystem Institute (CNSI) Colorado Nano- Technology Initiative (CNTI) Arizona Biodesign Institute (AzBio) Sampling of Current Regional, State, & Local Initiatives in Center for Accelerating Applications at the Nanoscale Consortium: UNM & Nat. Labs Oklahoma Initiative Nanoscience Center Atomworks Texas Initiative Michigan Small Tech Association Nanotech Center Enterprise Florida Albany Nanotech USC NanoCenter Center at Ga Tech NanoBusiness Alliance Massachusetts Initiative Connecticut Initiative New Jersey Consortium Nanotech Inst Ben Franklin Tech Partnership; PA, NJ, DE, MD Inst for In Virginia (INanoVA U. Washington U. Minnesota Stan ford National Infrastructure Network (NNIN) U. Michigan Cornell Harvard Penn State Howard U.C. Santa Barbara U. New Mexico U. Texas-Austin NCState/TNLC Georgia Tech ~70M funding

5 Changing R&D focus in 2004 Growing area, from discovery to technological innovation Materials, including bulk, coating, dispersed systems Chemicals, including catalysts Pharmaceuticals Electronics Emerging areas in 2003 (support in FY 2004) Nanomedicine Energy conversion and storage Agriculture and food systems Molecular architectures Realistic multiphenomena/multiscale simulations Environmental implications Converging technologies from the nanoscale MC. Roco, 3/01/03 EDUCATION m QUANTUM MECHANICS [TB, DFT, HF ] 10-9 MOLECULAR DYN. [LJ ]; NANOMECHANICS; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; BIOPHYSICS 10-6 ELASTICITY; PLASTICITY; DISLOCATION MECHANICS OF MATERIALS 10-0 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS MULTI-SCALE ANALYSES & SIMULATIONS TB = TIGHT BINDING METHOD; DFT = DENSITY FTNAL THEORY; HF = HATREE-FOCK APPROX.; LJ = LENNARD JONES POTENTIAL NSF SUMMER INSTITUTE OF NANOMECHANICS & MAT LS, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY contact: PROF. W.K. LIU

6 DISCUSSIONS OF COMMON MODELING METHODS FIRST PRINCIPLE CALCULATIONS - TO SOLVE SCHRODINGER S EQ. AB INITIO, e.g. HATREE- FOCK APPROX., DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY, - COMPUTIONAL INTENSIVE, O(N 4 ) - UP TO ~ 3000 ATOMS MOLECULAR DYNAMICS [MD] - DETERMINISTIC, e.g. W/ LENNARD JONES POTENTIAL - MILLIONS TIMESTEPS OF INTEGRATION; TEDIOUS - UP TO ~ BILLION ATOMS FOR NANO-SECONDS COMBINED MD & CONTINUUM MECHANICS [CM], e.g. MAAD; LSU; BRIDGING SCALE; - PROMISING...

7 Gecko: nano-scale attachment (K. Autumn et al. 2002) G. Huber MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ASME, DEC. 2001

8 Chong, K. P., Research and Challenges in Nanomechanics 90-minute Webcast, ASME, Oct. 2002; archived in Boresi, A. P., and Chong, K. P., Elasticity in Engineering Mechanics, John Wiley, 2000 NSF SUMMER INSTITUTE ON NANO MECHANICS & MATERIALS Home.htm Defining the vision and implementation plan National Initiative 1999: 10-year vision Societal implications Reports Govt plan Brochure for public Worldwide benchmark Planning with feedback after each: 5 years, 1 year, 1 month; and various levels: national/nset, agency, program In preparation: Topical reports; new 2004:10 year vision MC. Roco, 10/09/03

9 Defining the vision for the second strategic plan (II) National Initiative : 10-year vision/plan Energy Agriculture and Food Reports Government Plan (annual) 2004: Societal Implications 2004 Survey manufacturing Other topical reports on Update 10 year vision, and develop strategic plan MC Roco, 3/16/05 DISCLAIMER The author would like to thank his colleagues and many members of the research communities for their comments and input during the writing of this presentation. Information on NSF initiatives, announcements and awards can be found in the NSF website: The opinions expressed in this article are the author s only, not necessarily those of the. Any commercial products identified are for llustrations only, do not imply any endorsement.