Design of High capacity, reliable, efficient Long distance communication network. using DWDM

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Design of High capacity, reliable, efficient Long distance communication network. using DWDM"

Nora Diana Whitehead
5 years ago
Views:

1 Design of High capacity, reliable, efficient Long distance communication network using DWDM V.Ranjani 1, R.Rajeshwari 2, R.Ranjitha 3, P.Nalini 4 1. B.E Student, 2. B.E Student 3. B.E Student, 4. Assistant Professor Electronics and Communication Engineering, GKM College of Engineering and Technology, India Abstract-This article covers the concept of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing as one of the best suited technique for long distance communication. It also covers about the components along with the design of long distance network and analyse the parameters such as Power transmitted, Optical signal to noise ratio, Noise power, Bit error rate and some other DWDM parameters. This technique multiplexes optical signal in the wavelength range of 1550nm. The exact wavelength range of DWDM is 1530nm to 1565nm. This range of wavelength is called as C-band. By implementing this technique the throughput is increased by using minimum number of medium. By this article, the design of network for long distance communication with high data rate with future forecasting as well as to satisfy the needs of present customers need for data are satisfied. Index Terms- Dense Wavelength division Multiplexing, Optical signal to noise ratio, noise power, bit error rate. I. INTRODUCTION Fibre optic technology is the promising technique which allows information to be transmitted in the form of light or optical signals in the core medium by the concept of total internal reflection. Over a decade, this technology has tremendous development in the transmission of optical signals in efficient manner. Technique like multiplexing allows number of optical signals to be transmitted in a single fibre. Different types of multiplexing techniques have been developed based on the requirement of signal transmission. Multiplexing is the technique of combining signals from multiple sources and producing single output. This combination of signal can be based on time, frequency, code or wavelength which depends upon the application. The advanced technique which is introduced is the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). It is the technique which combines different wavelength signals and allow it to pass in a single fibre. It can be classified into three as Broad WDM, Dense WDM, and Coarse WDM. Of which the Dense WDM as the important property for long distance transmission. It belongs to the C- band with the wavelength range of 1530nm to 1565nm. From the prospective of both technical and economic view, the major advantage of the DWDM technique is that it provides unlimited transmission technology. By this technique the current investment in the cable can be used for transmission instead of laying new cables thus it is minimizing the medium. The emergence of the DWDM technique is the most recent phenomenon in the optical fibre communication. The fibre optic technology was proved in the Nineteenth century, but their applications in industry, medical came into force in late Twentieth century. After establishing the visibility of 688

light in fibre optics, there came the concept of optical source. For a optical source to be effective it must emit optical signal for long distance and it must be narrow.

The optical signal has information carrying- capacity of order of 10,000 times than the RF signals.

2 light in fibre optics, there came the concept of optical source. For a optical source to be effective it must emit optical signal for long distance and it must be narrow. For this purpose the LED (Light Emitting Diode), and LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) are used. The optical signal has information carrying- capacity of order of 10,000 times than the RF signals. So such signals will have more efficiency than the normal copper cable like, low loss, security, light weight, long distance communication. The evolution of the DWDM technique has an advantage of increasing number of wavelength in a single fibre cable by decreasing the spacing of the channel. The Fig: 1 shows the evolution of the system with increased advantage over years. By such evolution, now the system gets more flexible for configuration and allows to use components such as Add- Drop and management capabilities. Fig 2: Wavelength region with windows specification II. DWDM SYSTEM FUNCTION Here, we discuss about the DWDM system function. Fig 3: DWDM System This figure shows the working of DWDM technique, where different wavelengths from multiple transmitters are multiplexed or combined by the multiplexer and transmitted through the optical fibre. At the receiver the combined signals are separated by the use of demultiplexer. Fig 1: Evolution of DWDM By late 1990s, DWDM systems were emerged with the capability of accommodating about 64 to160 parallel channels with 50 or 25 GHz channel spacing. After that research on fibre optics were based on the concept of having low attenuation loss. For this they grouped the wavelength n terms of region called windows. There are four windows, among which the C- band lies in the Third window. III. DWDM COMPONENTS The components of DWDM system includes the Optical Terminal Multiplexer (OTM) Optical Amplifier Unit (OAU) Optical Add Drop Multiplexer (OADM) Optical Cross Connect (OXC) 689

These are the important components of DWDM system. Further we use some measuring devices like Power meter, WDM analyser, BER analyser, Spectrum analyser.

The spectrum analyser is used to plot the magnitude of amplitude and the frequency of the known and unknown signal. The bit error rate of the signal is measured using BER analyser. V.

3 These are the important components of DWDM system. Further we use some measuring devices like Power meter, WDM analyser, BER analyser, Spectrum analyser. The power meter is used to calculate the average power of the optical signal. The signal power, noise power, optical signal to noise ratio are measured using WDM analyser. The spectrum analyser is used to plot the magnitude of amplitude and the frequency of the known and unknown signal. The bit error rate of the signal is measured using BER analyser. V. DESIGN Here, the design of the long distance communication with 30 lambda system is discussed. It contains three sections Optical Terminal Multiplexer in Chennai, Optical Add Drop Multiplexer in Bangalore, Optical Terminal Multiplexer in Hyderabad. IV. IMPLEMENTATION Now, the aim of this article is to design a long distance network with high data rate. For this the survey is taken for the three regions such as Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad. The first step is to find the population of these regions (we consider a small area in all these three places) like Tambaram in Chennai, Madiwala in Bangalore, Uppal in Hyderabad. The statistics of the population are noted in all these areas and it is forecasted for next three years. Then assume about 30% of them are concerned with a particular service provider. Then plan for the services which are demanded by these population. The services may be data, voice plus data, video, voice plus video. By giving priority of percentage to these services the data rate required by these three areas are calculated and consider about 10% traffic. With all these calculation and statistics, we now have data for future needs. Thus this calculation leads to the design of 30 Lambda system. The implementation is simulated in a software named Optisim developed by Optiwave. It is a tool which allows us to plan, test and design the optical network designs. Fig 4: Optical Terminal Multiplexer (Chennai) Fig 5: Optical Add Drop Multiplexer (Bangalore) 690

4 Fig 9: Power after First fibre (Leaving Chennai) Fig: 6 Optical Terminal Multiplexer (Hyderabad) Fig 10: Power from Optical Add Drop Multiplexer(Bangalore) VI. RESULT ANALYSIS The result of the above design gives the measurement of power, optical signal to noise ratio, noise power. Fig 7: Power transmitted at the OTM (Chennai) Fig 11: Spectrum analyser at OADM (Bangalore) Fig 8: Spectrum analyser at OTM (Chennai) Fig 12: BER at OADM 691

Fig 13: Power at OTM (Hyderabad) Fig 15: BER at OTM(Hyderabad, signal received from Chennai) VII.

Fig 14: Spectrum analyser at OTM (Hyderabad) It allows multiplication of bandwidth.

It allows multiple logical topologies in a single fibre medium.

It uses a single medium with multiple channels to transmit data at high speed.

It is flexible and provides client satisfaction. It is protocol independent. VIII.

5 Fig 13: Power at OTM (Hyderabad) Fig 15: BER at OTM(Hyderabad, signal received from Chennai) VII. ADVANTAGES OF DWDM TECHNIQUE Here, we discuss the advantages of DWDM system. Fig 14: Spectrum analyser at OTM (Hyderabad) It allows multiplication of bandwidth. It has the provision of conserving switched bandwidth. It allows multiple logical topologies in a single fibre medium. It can be used for long distance communication. It uses a single medium with multiple channels to transmit data at high speed. Capable to manage the next generation demand on data rate. It is flexible and provides client satisfaction. It is protocol independent. VIII. CONCLUSION Fig 14: BER at OTM (Hyderabad, for signal sent from Bangalore) DWDM technique being the most recent trend in today s optical fibre communication. It is the backbone of future data needs and supports long distance communication. In this article, the design of 30 Lambda system with effective transmission of power is discussed along with the analysis of Bit 692

6 error rate. We have achieved the BER of about 7*10^-2 and OSNR of 23. By the use of different amplifiers and modulators the characteristics of the system can be varied and different applications can be served. IX. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors would like to thank our guides Vetrivel and P.Nalini for their constant guidance and encouragement in preparation of this article. REFERENCES [1] DWDM pluggable transceiver multisource agreement (MSA) website. [online]. Available: [2] Statistical Confidence levels for estimating error probability, Maxim Engineering Journal, vol.37, [3]. John M. Senior and M. Yousif Jamro, Optical Fiber Communications: Principle and Practice, Pearson Education Ltd., 2013 [4]. I. P. Kaminow, et al, A Wideband All-Optical WDM Network, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.14, No. 5, June 1996, pp ) [5]. Yan Sun, Atul K. Srivastava, Jianhui Zhou, James W. Sulhof, Optical Fiber Amplifiers for WDM Optical Networks, Bell Labs Technical Journal (January March 1999). 693

Name of Course : E1-E2 CFA. Chapter 15. Topic : DWDM

Name of Course : E1-E2 CFA. Chapter 15. Topic : DWDM Name of Course : E1-E2 CFA Chapter 15 Topic : DWDM Date of Creation : 28.03.2011 DWDM 1.0 Introduction The emergence of DWDM is one of the most recent and important phenomena in the development of fiber