Detailed Contents. Part I: The C# Student Survival Guide

Transcription

1 Preface To The Second Edition Welcome To The Second Edition... xxxv Improvements To This Edition... xxxv Where To Send Comments And Suggestions... xxxvi Acknowledgments... xxxvi Preface To The First Edition Welcome And Thank You!... xxxvii Target Audience... xxxvii Approach(es)... xxxvii Pedagogy I Mean, How This Book s Arranged... xxxviii Learning Objectives...xxxviii Introduction...xxxviii Content...xxxviii Quick Reviews...xxxviii Summary... xxxix Skill-Building Exercises... xxxix Suggested Projects... xxxix Self-Test Questions... xxxix References... xxxix Notes... xxxix Typographical Formats... xxxix This Is An Example Of A First Level Subheading... xxxix This Is An Example Of A Second Level Subheading... xxxix Source Code Formatting...xl SupportSite Website...xl Problem Reporting...xl About The Author...xl Acknowledgments...xl Part I: The C# Student Survival Guide 1 An Approach to the Art of Programing Introduction... 4 The Difficulties You Will Encounter Learning C#... 4 Required Skills... 4 The Planets Will Come Into Alignment...5 How This Chapter Will Help You...5 Personality Traits Found In Great Programmers...5 Creative...5 C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved i

2 Tenacious...5 Resilient...6 Methodical...6 Meticulous...6 Honest...6 Proactive...6 Humble...6 Be a Generalist and a Just-in-Time Specialist...6 Project Management...7 Three Software Development Roles...7 Analyst...7 Architect...7 Programmer...8 A Project-Approach Strategy...8 You Have Been Handed A Project Now What?...8 Strategy Areas of Concern...8 Think Abstractly...10 The Strategy In A Nutshell...10 Applicability To The Real World The Art Of Programming Don t Start At The Computer Inspiration Strikes At The Weirdest Time Own Your Own Computer You Either Have Time and No Money, or Money and No Time The Family Computer Is Not Going To Cut It! Set The Mood Location, Location, Location Concept Of The Flow The Stages of Flow...13 Be Extreme...13 The Programming Cycle...14 The Programming Cycle Summarized...14 A Helpful Trick: Stubbing...15 Fix The First Compiler Error First...15 Managing Project Complexity...15 Conceptual Complexity...15 Managing Conceptual Complexity The Unified Modeling Language (UML) Physical Complexity Managing Physical Complexity The Relationship Between Physical and Conceptual Complexity Maximize Cohesion Minimize Coupling The Engineer s Notebook Summary...18 Skill-Building Exercises...19 Suggested Projects...19 Self-Test Questions...19 References...20 Notes Small Victories: Creating C# Projects Introduction Creating Projects With Microsoft C#.NET Command-Line Tools ii 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

3 Downloading And Installing The.NET Framework...23 Downloading And Installing Notepad Configuring Your Development Environment Environment Variables Creating A Project Folder Setting Folder Options Creating A Shortcut To The Command Console And Setting Its Properties Testing The Configuration...31 Creating The Source File...31 Compiling The Source File...32 Executing The Application...33 Quick Review Creating Projects With Microsoft Visual C# Express Download and Install Visual C# Express...36 Quick Tour Of Visual C# Express...36 Select Project Type...36 Saving The Project...38 Build The Project...38 Locating The Project Executable File Execute The Project...41 Where To Go For More Information About Visual C# Express...41 DreamSpark...42 Quick Review...42 Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References...44 Notes Project Walkthrough Introduction The Project-Approach Strategy Summarized Development Cycle Project Specification Analyzing The Project Specification...49 Application Requirements Strategy Area...50 Problem-Domain Strategy Area...50 Language-Features Strategy Area...53 Design Strategy Area...55 Development Cycle: First Iteration Plan (First Iteration)...56 Code (First Iteration)...57 Test (First Iteration)...57 Integrate/Test (First Iteration)...57 Development Cycle: Second Iteration Plan (Second Iteration)...58 Code (Second Iteration)...58 Test (Second Iteration)...59 Integrate/Test (Second Iteration)...59 Development Cycle: Third Iteration Plan (Third Iteration)...60 Code (Third Iteration) C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved iii

4 Integrate/Test (Third Iteration)...63 A Bug In The Program...63 Development Cycle: Fourth Iteration Plan (Fourth Iteration)...65 Implementing State Transition Diagrams Implementing The PrintFloor() Method...67 Code (Fourth Iteration)...67 Putting It All Together Test (Fourth Iteration) Integrate/Test (Fourth Iteration) Development Cycle: Fifth Iteration Plan (Fifth Iteration) Code (Fifth Iteration)...73 Test (Fifth Iteration)...75 Putting It All Together...75 Integrate/Test (Fifth Iteration) Final Considerations Complete RobotRat.cs Source Code Listing...80 An Alternative Main() Method Implementation Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Computers, Programs, And Algorithms Introduction What Is A Computer? Computer vs. Computer System Computer System Processor Three Aspects of Processor Architecture...95 Feature Set Feature Set Implementation Feature Set Accessibility Memory Organization Memory Basics Memory Hierarchy Bits, Bytes, Words Alignment and Addressability What Is A Program? Two Views of a Program The Human Perspective The Computer Perspective The Processing Cycle Fetch Decode Execute Store Why A Program Crashes Algorithms Good vs. Bad Algorithms iv 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

5 Don t Reinvent The Wheel! Virtual Machines And The Common Language Infrastructure Virtual Machines The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) Four Parts Of The Common Language Infrastructure The Cross Platform Promise Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Navigating.NET Framework Documentation Introduction MSDN: The Definitive Source For API Information Discovering Information About Classes General Overview Page Class Member Documentation Getting Information On Other Class Members Quick Review Namespaces Used Heavily In This Book Navigating An Inheritance Hierarchy Quick Review Beware Obsolete APIs Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Part II: Language Fundamentals 6 Simple C# Programs Introduction What Is A C# Program? A Simple Console Application Definition Of Terms: Application, Assembly, Module, and Entry Point Structure Of A Simple Application Purpose Of The Main() Method Main() Method Signatures Quick Review Identifiers And Reserved Keywords Identifier Naming Rules Quick Review Types Value Type Variables vs. Reference Type Variables C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved v

6 Value Type Variables Reference Type Variables Maybe Some Pictures Will Help Mapping Predefined Types To System Structures Quick Review Statements, Expressions, and Operators Statement Types Operators And Their Use Operator Precedence and Associativity Forcing Operator Precedence and Associativity Order With Parentheses Operators and Operands Operator Usage Examples Primary Expression Operators Unary Expression Operators Multiplicative Expression Operators Additive Expression Operators Shift Expression Operators Relational, Type-Testing, and Equality Expression Operators Logical AND, OR, and XOR Expression Operators Conditional AND and OR Expression Operators Conditional (Ternary) Expression Operator Assignment Expression Operators Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Controlling The Flow Of Program Execution Introduction Selection Statements If Statement Handling Program Error Conditions Executing Code Blocks In If Statements Executing Consecutive If Statements If/Else Statement Chained If/Else Statements Switch Statement Implicit Case Fall-Through Nested Switch Statement Quick Review Iteration Statements While Statement Personality Of The While Statement Do/While Statement Personality Of The Do/While Statement For Statement How The For Statement Is Related To The While Statement Personality Of The For Statement Nesting Iteration Statements Mixing Selection And Iteration Statements: A Powerful Combination Quick Review vi 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

7 Break, Continue, And Goto Break Statement Continue Statement Goto Statement Quick Review Selection And Iteration Statement Selection Table Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Arrays Introduction What Is An Array? Specifying Array Types Quick Review Functionality Provided By C# Array Types Array-Type Inheritance Hierarchy Special Properties Of C# Arrays Quick Review Creating And Using Single-Dimensional Arrays Arrays Of Value Types How Value-Type Array Objects Are Arranged In Memory Finding An Array s Type, Rank, And Total Number of Elements Creating Single-Dimensional Arrays Using Array Literal Values Differences Between Arrays Of Value Types And Arrays Of Reference Types Single-dimensional Arrays In Action Message Array Calculating Averages Histogram: Letter Frequency Counter Quick Review Creating And Using Multidimensional Arrays Rectangular Arrays Initializing Rectangular Arrays With Array Literals Ragged Arrays Multidimensional Arrays In Action Weighted Grade Tool Quick Review The Main() Method s String Array Purpose And Use Of The Main() Method s String Array Manipulating Arrays With The System.Array Class Numeric Formatting Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved vii

8 9 Toward Problem Abstraction: Creating New Data Types Introduction Abstraction: Amplify The Essential, Eliminate The Irrelevant Abstraction Is The Art Of Programming Where Problem Abstraction Fits Into The Development Cycle Creating Your Own Data Types Case-Study Project: Write A People Manager Program Quick Review The UML Class Diagram Quick Review Overview Of The Class Construct Eleven Categories Of Class Members Fields Constants The Difference Between const and readonly; Compile-Time vs. Runtime Constants Properties Methods Instance Constructors Static Constructors Events Operators Indexers Nested Type Declarations Finalizers Access Modifiers Public Private Protected Internal Protected Internal The Concepts Of Horizontal Access, Interface, and Encapsulation Quick Review Methods Method Naming: Use Action Words That Indicate The Method s Purpose Maximize Method Cohesion Structure Of A Method Definition Method Modifiers (optional) Return Type Or Void (optional) Method Name (mandatory) Parameter List (optional) Method Body (optional for abstract or external methods) Method Definition Examples Method Signatures Overloading Methods Constructor Methods Quick Review Building And Testing The Person Class Start By Creating The Source File And Class Definition Shell Defining Person Instance Fields Defining Person Properties And Constructor Method Adding Properties Adding A Constructor Method Testing The Person Class: A Miniature Test Plan Use The PeopleManagerApplication Class As A Test Driver Adding Features To The Person Class: Calculating Age viii 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

9 Adding Features To The Person Class: Convenience Properties Adding Features To The Person Class: Finishing Touches Quick Review Building and Testing The PeopleManager Class Defining The PeopleManager Class Shell Defining PeopleManager Fields Defining PeopleManager Constructor Methods Defining Additional PeopleManager Methods Testing The PeopleManager Class Adding Features To The PeopleManager Class Quick Review More About Methods Value Parameters And Reference Parameters Value Parameters: The Default Parameter Passing Mode Reference Parameters: Using The ref Parameter Modifier The out Parameter Modifier Parameter Arrays: Using The params Modifier Local Variable Scoping Anywhere An Object Of <type> Is Required, A Method That Returns <type> Can Be Used Quick Review Structures vs. Classes Value Semantics vs. Reference Semantics Ten Authorized Members vs. Eleven Default Variable Field Values Behavior During Assignment this Behaves Differently Inheritance Not Allowed Boxing And Unboxing When To Use Structures Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Compositional Design Introduction Managing Conceptual And Physical Complexity Compiling Multiple Source Files Simultaneously With csc Quick Review Dependency vs. Association Aggregation Simple vs. Composite Aggregation The Relationship Between Aggregation And Object Lifetime Quick Review Expressing Aggregation In A UML Class Diagram Simple Aggregation Expressed In UML Composite Aggregation Expressed In UML Aggregation Example Code Simple Aggregation Example Composite Aggregation Example C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved ix

10 Quick Review Sequence Diagrams Message Passing Magic Draw Quick Review The Engine Simulation: An Extended Example The Purpose Of The Engine Class Engine Class Attributes And Methods Engine Simulation Sequence Diagrams Running The Engine Simulation Program Quick Review Complete Engine Simulation Code Listing Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Inheritance and Interfaces Introduction Three Purposes Of Inheritance Implementing The is a Relationship The Relationship Between The Terms Type, Interface, and Class Meaning Of The Term Interface Meaning Of The Term Class Quick Review Expressing Generalization And Specialization In The UML A Simple Inheritance Example The UML Diagram BaseClass Source Code DerivedClass Source Code DriverApplication Program Quick Review Another Inheritance Example: Person - Student The Person - Student UML Class Diagram Person - Student Source Code Casting Use Casting Sparingly Quick Review Overriding Base Class Methods Quick Review Abstract Methods and Abstract Base Classes The Primary Purpose Of An Abstract Base Class Expressing Abstract Base Classes In UML Abstract Class Example Quick Review Interfaces The Purpose Of Interfaces Authorized Interface Members The Differences Between An Interface And An Abstract Class Expressing Interfaces In UML x 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

11 Expressing Realization In A UML Class Diagram An Interface Example Quick Review Controlling Horizontal And Vertical Access Quick Review Sealed Classes And Methods Quick Review Polymorphic Behavior Quick Review Inheritance Example: Employee Inheritance Example: Engine Simulation Engine Simulation UML Diagram Simulation Operational Description Compiling The Engine Simulation Code Complete Engine Simulation Code Listing Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Part III: GUI Programming & Custom Events 12 Windows Forms Programming Introduction The Form Class Form Class Inheritance Hierarchy A Simple Form Program Quick Review Application Messages, Message Pump, Events, And Event Loop Message Categories Messages In Action: Trapping Messages With IMessageFilter Final Thoughts On Messages Quick Review Screen And Window (Client) Coordinate System Quick Review Manipulating Form Properties Quick Review Adding Components To Windows: Button, TextBox, And Label Quick Review Registering Event Handlers With GUI Components Delegates And Events Quick Review Handling GUI Component Events In Separate Objects Quick Review Layout Managers FlowLayoutPanel TableLayoutPanel C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved xi

12 Quick Review Menus Quick Review A Little More About TextBoxes Quick Review The Rhythm Of Coding GUIs Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Custom Events Introduction C# Event Processing Model: An Overview Quick Review Custom Events Example: Minute Tick Custom Events Example: Automated Water Tank System Naming Conventions Final Thoughts On Extending The EventArgs Class Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Part IV: Intermediate Concepts 14 Collections Introduction Case Study: Building A Dynamic Array Evaluating DynamicArray The ArrayList Class To The Rescue A Quick Peek At Generics Quick Review Data Structure Performance Characteristics Array Performance Characteristics Linked List Performance Characteristics Hash Table Performance Characteristics Chained Hash Table vs. Open-Address Hash Table Red-Black Tree Performance Characteristics Stacks And Queues Quick Review Navigating The.NET Collections API System.Collections System.Collections.Generic xii 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

13 System.Collections.ObjectModel System.Collections.Specialized Mapping Non-Generic To Generic Collections Quick Review Using Non-Generic Collection Classes - Pre.NET Objects In Objects Out: Casting Extending ArrayList To Create A Strongly-Typed Collection Using Generic Collection Classes.NET 2.0 and Beyond List<T>: Look Ma, No More Casting! Implementing KeyedCollection<TKey, TItem> Quick Review Special Operations On Collections Sorting A List Implementing System.IComparable<T> Extending Comparer<T> Converting A Collection Into An Array Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Exceptions: Writing Fault-Tolerant Software Introduction What Is An Exception NET CLR Exception Handling Mechanism Unhandled Exceptions The Exception Information Table Quick Review Exception Class Hierarchy Application vs. Runtime Exceptions Runtime Exception Listing Determining What Exceptions A.NET Framework Method Throws Quick Review Exception Class Properties Quick Review Creating Exception Handlers: Using Try/Catch/Finally Blocks Using A Try/Catch Block First Line of Defense: Use Defensive Coding Using Multiple Catch Blocks Using A Finally Block Quick Review Creating Custom Exceptions Extending The Exception Class Manually Throwing An Exception With The throw Keyword Translating Low-Level Exceptions Into High-Level Exceptions Quick Review Documenting Exceptions Summary Skill-Building Exercises C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved xiii

14 Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Multithreaded Programming Introduction Multithreading Overview: The Tale Of Two Vacations Single-Threaded Vacation Multithreaded Vacation The Relationship Between A Process And Its Threads Vacation Gone Bad Quick Review Creating Managed Threads With The Thread Class Single-Threaded Vacation Example Multithreaded Vacation Example Thread States Creating And Starting Managed Threads ThreadStart Delegate ParameterizedThreadStart Delegate: Passing Arguments To Threads Blocking A Thread With Thread.Sleep() Blocking A Thread With Thread.Join() Foreground vs. Background Threads Quick Review Creating Threads With The BackgroundWorker Class Quick Review Thread Pools Quick Review Asynchronous Method Calls Obtaining Results From An Asynchronous Method Call Providing A CallBack Method To BeginInvoke() Quick Review When To Employ The Various Thread Types Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes File I/O Introduction Manipulating Directories And Files Files, Directories, And Paths Manipulating Directories And Files Verbatim String Literals Quick Review Serializing Objects To Disk Serializable Attribute Serializing Objects With BinaryFormatter Serializing Objects With XmlSerializer xiv 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

15 Quick Review Working With Text Files Some Issues You Must Consider Saving Dog Data To A Text File Quick Review Working With Binary Data Quick Review Random Access File I/O Towards An Approach To The Adapter Project Start Small And Take Baby Steps Other Project Considerations Locking A Record For Updates And Deletes Monitor.Enter()/Monitor.Exit() vs. The lock Keyword Translating Low-Level Exceptions Into Higher-Level Exception Abstractions Where To Go From Here Complete DataFile Adapter Project Source Code Listing Quick Review Working With Log Files Quick Review Using FileDialogs Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Part V: Network & Database Programming 18 Network Programming Fundamentals Introduction What Is A Computer Network? Purpose Of A Network The Role Of Network Protocols Homogeneous Vs. Heterogeneous Networks The Unifying Network Protocols: TCP/IP What s So Special About The Internet? Quick Review Servers & Clients Server Hardware And Software Client Hardware And Software Quick Review Application Distribution Physical Distribution On One Computer Running Multiple Clients On The Same Computer Addressing The Local Machine Physical Distribution Across Multiple Computers Quick Review Multilayered Applications C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved xv

16 Logical Application Layers Physical Tier Distribution Quick Review Internet Networking Protocols: Nuts & Bolts The Internet Protocols: TCP, UDP, And IP The Application Layer Transport layer Network Layer Data Link And Physical Layers Putting It All Together What You Need To Know Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Networked Client -Server Applications Introduction Building Client-Server Applications With.NET Remoting The Three Required Components of A.NET Remoting Application A Simple.NET Remoting Application SingleCall vs. Singleton Accessing A Remote Object Via An Interface Using Configuration Files Passing Objects Between Client And Server Quick Review Client-Server Applications With TcpListener And TcpClient TCP/IP Client-Server Overview A Simple Client-Server Application Building A Multithreaded Server Listening On Multiple IP Addresses Sending Objects Between Client And Server Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Database Access & Multilayered Applications Introduction What You Are Going To Build Preliminaries Installing SQL Server Express Edition Installing Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio Express Installing Microsoft Enterprise Library A Simple Test Application xvi 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

17 Introduction To Relational Databases And SQL Terminology Structured Query Language (SQL) Data Definition Language (DDL) Creating The EmployeeTraining Database Creating A Database With A Script Creating Tables SQL Server Database Types Data Manipulation Language (DML) Using The Insert Command Using The Select Command Using The Update Command Using The Delete Command Quick Review Complex SQL Queries Creating A Related Table With A Foreign Key Inserting Test Data Into The tbl_employee_training Table Selecting Data From Multiple Tables Join Operations Testing The Cascade Delete Constraint Quick Review The Server Application Project Folder Organization Using Microsoft Build To Manage And Build the Project First Iteration Coding The EmployeeVO And EmployeeDAO Application Configuration File Creating Test Application Second Iteration Testing The Code - Second Iteration Reality Check Third Iteration The Client Application Third Iteration (continued) Fourth Iteration Fifth Iteration Sixth Iteration Compiling And Running The Modified EmployeeTrainingClient Project Where To Go From Here Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Part VI: Advanced Topics 21 Operator Overloading Introduction C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved xvii

18 Operator Overloading Overloadable Operators Quick Review Overloading Unary Operators , - Operators ! Operator true, false Operators , -- Operators Quick Review Overloading Binary Operators , - Operators *, / Operators &, Operators Quick Review Overloading Comparison Operators ==,!=, <, >, <=, >= Operators Quick Review Implicit And Explicit Cast Operators Implicit vs. Explicit Cast Overloaded Cast Operators Example Quick Review The Assignment Operators: Things You Get For Free Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Well-Behaved Objects Introduction Object Behavior Defined Fundamental Behavior Copy/Assignment Behavior Equality Behavior Comparison/Ordering Behavior Seven Object Usage Scenarios Fundamental Behavior Object Creation Constructors Default Constructor Private Constructors Overloaded Constructors Member Accessibility Horizontal Member Access Vertical Member Access Overriding Object.ToString() Static vs. Instance Members Serialization Custom Serialization Example Quick Review Copy/Assignment Behavior Value Object vs. Reference Object Assignment xviii 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

19 Rule Of Thumb Favor The Class Construct For Complex Types Shallow Copy vs. Deep Copy Copy Constructors System.ICloneable vs. Object.MemberwiseClone() Quick Review Equality Behavior Reference Equality vs. Value Equality Rules For Overriding The Object.Equals() Method Overriding The Object.GetHashCode() Method Bloch s hash Code Generation Algorithm Ashmore s Hash Code Generation Algorithm Overriding Object.Equals() and Object.GetHashCode() Methods In The PersonVO Class Quick Review Comparison/Ordering Behavior Implementing System.IComparable<T> Rules For Implementing The CompareTo(T other) Method Extending The Comparer<T> Class Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Three Design Principles Introduction The Preferred Characteristics Of An Object-Oriented Architecture Easy To Understand: How does this thing work? Easy To Reason About: What are the effects of change? Easy To Extend: Where do I add functionality? The Liskov Substitution Principle & Design by Contract Reasoning About The Behavior Of Supertypes And Subtypes Relationship Between The LSP And DbC The Common Goal Of The LSP And DbC C# Support For The LSP And DbC Designing With The LSP/DbC In Mind Class Declarations Viewed As Behavior Specifications Quick Review Preconditions, Postconditions, And Class Invariants Class Invariant Precondition Postcondition An Example A Note On Using The Debug.Assert() Method To Enforce Pre- and Postconditions Using Incrementer As A Base Class Changing The Preconditions Of Derived Class Methods Changing The Postconditions Of Derived Class Methods Special Cases Of Preconditions And Postconditions Method Argument Types Method Return Types Three Rules Of The Substitution Principle Signature Rule C# For Artists 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved xix

20 Methods Rule Properties Rule Quick Review The Open-Closed Principle Achieving The Open-Closed Principle An OCP Example Quick Review The Dependency Inversion Principle Characteristics Of Bad Software Architecture Characteristics Of Good Software Architecture Selecting The Right Abstractions Takes Experience Quick Review Code Contracts Downloading And Installing Code Contracts Extensions Code Contracts Example Quick Review Terms and Definitions Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Inheritance, Composition, Interfaces, Polymorphism Introduction Inheritance Vs. Composition: The Great Debate What s The End Game? Flexible Application Architectures Modularity And Reliability Architectural Stability Via Managed Dependencies Knowing When To Accept A Design That s Good Enough Quick Review Inheritance-Based Design Three Good Reasons To Use Inheritance As A Means To Reason About Code Behavior To Gain A Measure Of Code Reuse To Facilitate Incremental Development Forms Of Inheritance: Meyer s Inheritance Taxonomy Coad s Inheritance Criteria Person - Employee Example Revisited Quick Review The Role Of Interfaces Reducing Or Limiting Intermodule Dependencies Modeling Dominant, Collateral, and Dynamic Roles Dominant Roles Collateral Roles Dynamic Roles Quick Review Applied Polymorphism Quick Review Composition-Based Design As A Force Multiplier Two Types Of Aggregation xx 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

21 Polymorphic Containment An Extended Example Quick Review Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Helpful Design Patterns Introduction Software Design Patterns And How They Came To Be What Exactly Is A Software Design Pattern? Origins Pattern Specification Applying Software Design Patterns Quick Review The Singleton Pattern Quick Review The Factory Pattern The Dynamic Factory Advantages Of The Dynamic Factory Pattern Quick Review The Model-View-Controller Pattern Quick Review The Command Pattern Quick Review A Comprehensive Pattern-Based Example Complete Code Listing Com.PulpFreePress.Exceptions Com.PulpFreePress.Common Com.PulpFreePress.Utils Com.PulpFreePress.Commands Com.PulpFreePress.Model Com.PulpFreePress.View Com.PulpFreePress.Controller MSBuild Project File Running The Application Summary Skill-Building Exercises Suggested Projects Self-Test Questions References Notes Appendix A: Helpful Checklists And Tables Project-Approach Strategy Check-off List Development Cycle Final Project Review Checklist xxi 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists

22 Appendix B: ASCII Table ASCII Table Appendix C: Identifier Naming: Writing Self-Commenting Code Identifier Naming: Writing Self-Commenting Code Benefits of Self-Commenting Code Coding Convention Type Names (Classes, Structures, Delegates, Enumerations) Constant Names Variable Names Method Names Property Names xxii 2015 Rick Miller and Pulp Free Press All Rights Reserved C# For Artists