EE362G Smart Grids: Austin Energy Smart Grids Part 1

Transcription

1 EE362G Smart Grids: Austin Energy Smart Grids Part 1 Dan Smith VP, Electric Service Delivery, Austin Energy Reza Ebrahimian Director, T&D Planning, Austin Energy Ross Baldick, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Spring 2019

2 Presentation Outline Note: Grid Modernization is the process of implementing Smart Grid About Austin Energy Grid Modernization and Safety What is Driving Grid Modernization What is Grid Modernization Austin Energy s Power Delivery System What is Austin Energy s Strategy What Austin Energy is Doing to Modernize the Grid Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) History of AMI at Austin Energy Grid Automation Copyright

3 About Austin Energy 8th largest community-owned electric utility Reports to the City Manager who executes the policy and direction of the City Council 437 square miles of service area covering City of Austin and beyond Vertically-integrated in a deregulated whole-sale energy only market Annual budget $1.5B System peak load o 2755 MW (summer) o 2377 MW (winter) 480,000+ meters (65,000+ C&I) Employees 3

4 4 Austin Energy s Mission, Vision, Focus Mission: To safely deliver clean, affordable, reliable energy and excellent customer service Vision: Drive customer value in energy services with innovative technology and environmental leadership Customer Driven. Community Focused. 4

5 How Does Grid Modernization Affect Safety?

6 Grid Modernization Impacts Safety By Remote communication and control of T&D assets Means reduced truck rolls Reduced exposure Copyright

7 Grid Modernization Impacts Safety By Making Network Vaults Safer for Employees to Work in Copyright

8 Grid Modernization Impacts Safety By Remotely Inspecting our Infrastructure Copyright

9 What s Driving Grid Modernization?

10 The World is Changing Copyright

11 Back to the Future 38% of all vehicles are electric vehicles in 1917! We will not stop until every car on the road is electric Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla Motors Copyright

12 California and New York California Governor Brown signs 50% renewable portfolio standard into law Copyright

13 Current Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) US Map RPS is a regulation that requires the increase in production of energy from renewable energy sources. Copyright

14 Do You Recognize This Picture? Copyright

15 Silver Lining of a Post Fukushima Grid Copyright

16 What About Us? Copyright

17 What Exactly Is Grid Modernization?

18 Structure of the Grid Generation Power Plant Substation Transmission System Distribution System Customer

19 AE s Power Delivery System Today ERCOT Market 623 miles of Transmission Lines 2 Community Solar Farms 480,000 Customers ~ 72,000 MWs generation 4,834 MWs Austin Energy owned and contracted generation 75 Substations 4,938 miles Overhead Distribution Lines 6,652 miles Underground Distribution Lines 80,000 Distribution Transformers 180,000 Distribution Poles 2 Energy Storage Systems (Shines Project) 30 MW Local Solar 10,000 Solar Generating Customers 380,122 homes 926,426 people 596 schools, hospitals 23 police, fire stations 56,879 of businesses Copyright

20 Grid Modernization Evolution Intelligent 2-Way Flow Power/Info DER, DR, Customer Choice/Convenience (Today) Intelligent Interoper able Safe Safe Affordabl e Affordable Resilient Katrina & Sandy (2005, 2012) Harvey & Irma? (2017) Resilient US Electric Grid Accessibl e Accessible Federal Power Acts ( s) Secure 9/11 & NERC CIP (2001, 2007) Secure US Electric Grid Reliabl e Reliable Blackouts (1965, 1996, 2003) Efficient Conservations Acts (1975, 1987, 1992) Efficient Clean Clean Oil Embargo & EPA (1970s) Copyright

21 1 9 AE Grid Modernization Strategic Goal Goal: Innovative two-way grid utilizing customer and company infrastructure to deliver superior reliability and customer experience at the lowest reasonable cost. Measure: Achieve top decile T & D reliability indices (SATLPI, SAIDI, SAIFI, CAIDI) and above average JD Power customer satisfaction index for residential and commercial customers Current State: Top quartile reliability indices; Bottom quartile customer satisfaction index Opportunities/Challenges: Resources (personnel/knowledge/funding), Analytics, Solution Selection Copyright

22 AE Grid Modernization Strategy Austin Energy Strategic Goals Grid Modernization Advanced Metering Infrastructure Grid Automation Distributed Energy Resource Integration Asset Management Copyright

23 Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

24 History of AMI at Austin Energy AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) definition: an older technology (emerged in 80 s and 90 s) to collect basic meter reading data 1-Way AMR 1-Way AMR 2-Way AMI 2-Way Simple AMI 2-Way Advanced AMI Copyright

25 A Head End System is hardware and software that receives the stream of meter data brought back to the utility through the AMI. Head End Systems may perform a limited amount of data validation before either making the data available for other systems to request or pushing the data out to other systems. AMI in 2013 Copyright

26 AMI in Copyright

27 AMI Data Flood Daily Reads = 1/day Alarms/Events/Flags = 4 Daily Reads = 1/day Interval Reads = 96/Day Alarms/Events/Flags = 137/600 Copyright

28 Commercial & Residential Meter Upgrades Commercial Meter Replacement Project 48,000 GE and Elster meters to be exchanged Planned completion FY % complete Installation contractor Residential Meter Replacement Project 245,000 residential meters to be exchanged Planned completion FY % complete Revenue Measurement and Control Copyright

29 Leverage/Optimize Advanced Metering Infrastructure Head End System Upgrade Remote Connect/Disconnect ADMS Integrations Instantaneous voltage underway Automated outage/restoration events to MDMS>ADMS On Demand voltage requests from ADMS Other Initiatives Thermostat and Home Energy Management System (HEMS) ZigBee integration proof of concept Proposed pilot of IP based metering communication protocol Copyright

30 Meter Data Management System Upgrade Phase II Upgrade Upgrade to Version 4.0 Planned completion Q1 FY 2020 Integration testing and reporting All business unit needs (metering, rates, billing, field operations, CC&B vendor transition) ADMS Integrations Automated outage/restoration events to ADMS On Demand Voltage requests from ADMS Monthly and Annual load profile data for all AMI reporting meters to support load flow estimates in ADMS Totalized and Fractional Metering Using MDMS Virtual Metering Engine Copyright

31 Grid Automation

32 Grid Modernization Today s Distribution System

33 Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS) Platform ADMS is a comprehensive network management solution with monitoring, analysis, control, optimization, planning and training tools sharing a common infrastructure, data model, and user experience SCADA OMS DMS EMS DERMS Alarming, Tagging, Trending, Monitoring & Control Incident, fault, customer call, switching, and crew mgmt and reporting Network automation, FLISR, VVO, Energy Losses, Relay Protection Transmission & Generation, AGC, Economic dispatch, Unit commitment Distributed Energy Resource Management, Load & power forecasting Common Infrastructure, Data Model, Security, History, User Interface Copyright

34 Grid Automation- ADMS Copyright

35 Grid Automation Roadmap Copyright

36 Customer Outage Communication Copyright

37 Mobile Workforce Accessibility Copyright

38 SG Communications Network (SGCN)

39 SG Communications Network (SGCN) The key to achieving SG is to successful build up a Smart Grid Communications Network (SGCN) that can support all identified SG functionalities Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Demand Response (DR), Electric Vehicles (EVs), Wide-Area Situational Awareness (WASA), Distributed Energy Resources and Storage, Distribution Grid Management, etc. Copyright

40 SCADA AE Network Current State Application forced to conform to rigid legacy network architecture Inefficient hardware utilization Risk of a major failure is very high due to aging equipment. Severity. Entire sites have been impacted by failure of a single network device. Occurrence. High occurrence rate of impact. Detection. Very low ability to detect a failure or identify a root cause quickly. Risk of undetectable security breach is very high. Zero trust is implemented through firewalls. Most firewall rules are not managed by the Change Management process. Human error rate is very high with firewall changes. Inconsistent Network management. No VLAN naming standards Copyright

41 Technical Benefits of New Network The existing AE network infrastructure needs to be modernized to allow for the following technical benefits: Reduce Network Operational Complexity Improve Network Reliability/Availability Improve Network Security Improve Network Scalability Improve Network Programmability Improve Network Integration Copyright

42 Technical Requirements of New Network Network Operational Requirements Network Reliability/Availability Requirements Network Security Requirements Network Scalability Requirements Network Programmability Requirements Network Integration Requirements Copyright

43 Why Cisco ACI? Cisco ACI is a Software Defined Network (SDN) Spine-Leaf Architecture and it is the only solution that satisfies all our Technical/Business Requirements. We chose a spine-leaf network architecture for the following benefits: Industry recommended standard for next-generation physical datacenter infrastructures. It improves total bandwidth availability Simplifies network configuration and management It is highly scalable We chose Cisco because the cost of switching to another vendor was prohibitive. Even without implementing micro-segmentation, ACI in pure network-centric mode, automates the provisioning of the spine-leaf network with minimal configuration. Copyright

44 Why ACI Multi-Site? We chose Cisco ACI multi-site as our next-generation datacenter network platform because ACI Multi-site is the most highly Available Cisco ACI design and requires the Nexus 7000 series switch for seamless integration and automation of the ACI WAN interconnection. ACI Multi-site gives you the capability to extend segments across multiple sites without changing IP addresses. The Multi-Site infrastructure will not only be leveraged by the SCADA datacenter but it is positioned to be leveraged as the Core for the IT Datacenter whether or not ACI is deployed in the IT Datacenter. Copyright

45 Why Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI)? Copyright

46 SCADA ACI NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE Substations Substations Substations Substations Substations 40G DC CORE 100G 100G 100G 100G 100G DC CORE 40G 100G DC CORE 40G DC CORE 40G 40G 40G ACI SPINES ACI SPINES ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS ACI LEAFS FEX FEX FEX FEX FEX CONSOLES LEGACY SERVER S LEGACY SERVER S CONSOLES ACI APIC CLUSTER ACI APIC CLUSTER ACI MULTI-ZONE CLUSTER (MULTI-SITE CONTROLLER CLUSTER) ACI APIC CLUSTER FORTINET FW FORTINET FW FORTINET FW FORTINET FW SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH DC JUNGLEPAX DC JUNGLEPAX DC JUNGLEPAX SUBSTATION JUNGLEPAX Copyright

47 Wireless Communications

48 Wireless Communications A Little History Until late 2009, almost all of our critical operational telemetry was communicating over optical fiber paths that interconnected all substations and offices, but isn t available along every distribution feeder path. In August of 2009 Control Engineering installed the DC Systems Intelligent Communication Gateway (ICG) which provided the infrastructure needed to leverage our existing AMI wireless network (L+G GridStream) for communication with distribution automation assets scattered throughout the AE territory. This mesh radio system does not carry DNP polling traffic in the traditional way the ICG is needed to serve as a piece of middleware that provides limited DNP interoperability. Communication latency over the mesh radio system was excessive, resulting in a loss of confidence from an operational perspective. In 2016, Verizon presented a service called an LTE Access Point Name (APN) service. Copyright

49 Verizon LTE APN AE APN network was divided into 4 pools of addressed space: o 1 pool for SCADA system purposes; o 1 for ADMS purposes; o 1 for metering; o 1 for corporate network extension which is useful for corporate mobile data purposes (mobility for GIS, ADMS, etc.). In January of 2017 Complex Metering and Control Engineering began deploying equipment onto the AE Verizon Wireless network. Verizon APN is a private VPN type service where LTE network bandwidth is carved out for AE s exclusive and secure use. This is a high speed, IP based network that looks like an extension of AE s existing network structure for wireless communications anywhere within AE s territory. As an IP based network, devices can be very easily added to the Verizon network. Each end-point (recloser, cap bank, motor operated switch, line sensor) has an LTE modem and data plan with a defined number of gigabytes allocated at a monthly charge rate. Copyright

50 Homework Due March 7 What is the difference between Smart Grid and Grid Modernization? What are the drivers for Austin Energy s Grid Modernization? What is an ADMS? What are the most important characteristics of Smart Grid? Why SGCN is so important in implementation of Smart Grid Why did AE select Cisco ACI as its backbone network? Considering the increase in the AMI data flow from 2013 to 2018 at Austin Energy, calculate the percent increase in the needed communication bandwidth Do you have any suggestions for Austin Energy for Smart Grid implementation? Copyright