Conservation Voltage Reduction with AMI

Transcription

1 Conservation Voltage Reduction with AMI Ilya Roytelman, Ph.D. Principal Engineer Distribution Systems Applications Engineering Conference June 10, 2013

2 Trade Secret This document and attachments contain confidential and proprietary information of Open Access Technology International, Inc. This information is not to be used, disseminated, distributed, or otherwise transferred without the expressed written permission of Open Access Technology International, Inc. Proprietary Notice All OATI products and services listed are trademarks and service marks of Open Access Technology International, Inc. All rights reserved. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 2

3 The Company OATI was founded in 1995 and is the pioneer of the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) model in the energy industry as well as the leading provider of hosted energy services Single-Minded Focus on Energy Subject Matter Expertise Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 3

4 Industry Leader More Than 1200 Power Industry Customers Next Generation Technology Proven Performance Culture of Security Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 4

5 OATI Data Center Technology Physical and Cyber Security Leadership NERC CIP/NIST IR 7268/NIST SP webcares PKI Technology webtrust/weq-012 Active/Active Architecture Communication Services Wireless Applications Disaster Resilience Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 5

6 OATI End-to-End Solutions Overview 2013 OATI, Inc. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 6

7 Smart Energy Capabilities Demand Response Distribution Grid Management Variable Generation Management Economic Optimization Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 7

8 Conservation Voltage Reduction Load/Loss reduction through changing utilization voltage Voltage decrease 1% - Power/Demand 1%; Energy 0.5% Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 8

9 Conservation Voltage Reduction with AMI Leveraging Transformer Load Tap Changers (LTCs), Step Voltage Regulators, switchable capacitors with Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) measurements Utility Operations Center Lowering of average voltages results in power/energy savings Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 9

10 Voltage Regulators and Capacitors LTCs Transformer substations, three phase, gang operated Step Voltage Regulator (LTC autotransformer) - feeders, three phase, operated per phase Voltage Regulators Local Controllers moving LTCs Switchable capacitors per feeder voltage drop decrease Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 10

11 ANSI Voltage Regulating Range Range A - minimum service voltage minimum utilization voltage maximum utilization voltage Range B - minimum service voltage minimum utilization voltage maximum utilization voltage % p.u. Volts +5.0% +2.5% Normal -2.5% -5.0% -8.0% -11.0% Range A Service Voltage Utilization Voltage ANSI C Standard Range B Service Voltage Utilization Voltage Range A: Normal Operation Range B: Out of Normal Operation 114 V 110 V 126 V 110 V 107 V 127 V Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 11

12 CVR Benefits* CVR provides peak load and annual energy reduction of approximately 0.5% - 4% depending on the specific feeder Complete CVR deployment on 100% distribution feeders nationally provides 3% reduction in annual consumption Deployed on high value distribution feeders, 40% of all feeders, the annual energy consumption is reduced by 2.4% * Evaluation of Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) on a National Level, Pacific Northwest National laboratory report prepared for U.S. Department of Energy, 2010, 107 pp. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 12

13 CVR Required Steps Establishing topological relation between V and Q regulating devices (LTCs and CAPs) Establishing topological relation between AMI measured Service Delivery Points and Voltage Regulating devices Establishing reading process of real-time measurements (both SCADA and AMI) Determining CAP s statuses supporting close to unity power factor Calculating CVR Voltage Regulation steps Checking solution feasibility Dispatching desired Voltage Regulator set points and CAP s statuses to the field devices Verifying executed solution through the change in real-time measurements Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 13

14 CVR Availability Estimated Demand Reduction For each remotely controlled LTC ΔP = (V normal VCVR) * (P load * (ΔP/ΔV)) where ΔP/ΔV = ( ) - depends on load type, approximately 2013 OATI, Inc. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 14

15 CVR Performance Achieved Demand Reduction Difference between adjusted baseline, and actual consumption from the measurements (as any Demand Response (DR)) 2013 OATI, Inc. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 15

16 RTU and AMI Measurements RTU/IED measurements (SCADA, DNP3) Voltages at the LTC regulated buses Voltage Regulator set points/taps positions Active/Reactive Power at Feeder Head Switchable capacitor statuses (maybe) AMI Measurements (MDM) Service Delivery Point Voltages (five minutes interval) Consumed energy (fifteen minutes interval) Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 16

17 CVR Regulation Model Service Delivery Point->Distr. Transformer->LTC device Down stream LTC/Capacitor -> Upstream LTC Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 17

18 CVR High Level Architectural Approach CVR OATI webdistribute MDM SCADA AMI Sensus AMI 2013 OATI, Inc. Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 18

19 CVR LTC/SVR Controls Voltage Regulator V reg V V Test L Customer Meters L aggregated Tap Changers & Regulators AMI / MDM Sensus AMI Voltage Measurement - Voltage Measurements - Tap Positions Tap Change Instruction / Schedules Sensus FlexNet RNI or SCADA 2013 OATI, Inc. Load / Voltage Tables OATI webdistribute CVR Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 19

20 Regulating and Switching Rules Regulating Voltage Moving LTC positions directly (blocking Voltage Regulator) Changing set point of the Local Regulator, which moves LTC device taps Desired voltage set point: V set point = V set point ΔVreg ΔVreg is higher than the regulator bandwidth (1.5 LTC steps) and smaller than (VAMI service min V service ANSI min) Switching Capacitors Time between two consecutive switching Max number of switching in 24 hours Leading close to unity Power Factor Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 20

21 Closed Loop Requirements No oscillation between the same feeder LTCs No violations on the intermediate steps if a few control actions are executed consequently Re-runs automatically if any control action failed (SCADA, communication, local devices); failed devises are excluded from the re-run execution Verification of the implemented control actions through real-time measurements Delay in the transitional system conditions (change of the measured values exceeds allowed speed of change) Heart beat functionality for local controllers (controller is automatically switched to default setting if CVR does not send any command during time above threshold) Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 21

22 Conclusion Practical application Type of DR which does not require customer involvement Economical and reliability benefits Peak Load Reduction Feeder load management Variable generation balancing System balancing Cost effective tool Proprietary and confidential. Do not copy or distribute without permission from OATI Open Access Technology International, Inc. 22

23 Thank You Ilya Roytelman, Ph.D