Air-Side Economizer Cycles Applied to the Rejection of Data Center Heat

Transcription

1 Air-Side Economizer Cycles Applied to the Rejection of Data Center Heat B. Keith Dunnavant, P.E. Manager, Data Center Cooling Solutions Munters Corporation

2 Founded in 1955 Manufacturing & Sales Locations in 30 countries A Global leader in Air Treatment

3 Products Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Systems Indirect & Direct Evaporative Cooling Mist Elimination Systems Desiccant & Mechanical Dehumidification Data Center Heat Rejection Systems VOC Abatement

4 Direct Air-side Economizer MERV 13 filter MERV 8 Pre-filter - M Fan O/A R/A Relief Supply Air Plenum (Cold-Aisle) q ITE Server Racks

5 HUMIDITY RATIO - POUNDS MOISTURE PER POUND DRY AIR.025 A global leader in energy efficient air treatment solutions dhinfo@munters.com PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 728 FEET Barometric Pressure Inches HG Prepared By: Name: Keith Dunnavant.023 Company: Munters Tel: keith.dunnavant@munters.com Date: 4/25/ WET BULB TEMPERATURE - F.018 Just Right % Too Humid F dp Weather Data Location: CHARLOTTE_DOUGLAS_INTL_ARPT, NORTH_CAROLINA, USA 55 90% Weather Hours 11 to 1 22 to to to to to to to to % 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 55 Recommended 10% RELATIVE HUMIDITY 14.0 VOLUME- CU.FT. PER LB. DRY AIR 15% 6% 4% 2% % RELATIVE HUMIDITY F dp Too Dry Chart by: HANDS DOWN SOFTWARE, DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - F 64.4F db Too Hot 80.6F db

6 Use Direct Evaporative Cooling to Expand ASE Envelope 1. Cool Hot, Dry Air 2. Humidify in Winter 1 2 DIRECT EVAPORATIVE COOLING A CONSTANT WET BULB PROCESS 2 HUMIDIFIES AND COOLS 1

7 HUMIDITY RATIO - POUNDS MOISTURE PER POUND DRY AIR A global leader in energy efficient air treatment solutions dhinfo@munters.com PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 67 FEET Prepared By:.028 Name: Keith Dunnavant Company: Munters.027 Tel: keith.dunnavant@munters.com.026 Date: 1/22/2012 1/25/ Barometric Pressure Inches HG With Warm Return Air WET BULB TEMPERATURE - F Mix Cold Dry Outdoor Air Humidify with Direct Evaporative Media 85 85/ % / Weather Data Location: VANCOUVER, BRITISH_COLUMBIA, CANADA % / /50% % 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 60 Recommended 13.5 S/A Mix Class A1 10% RELATIVE HUMIDITY 14.0 VOLUME- CU.FT. PER LB. DRY AIR Return Air 15% 6% 4% 2% % RELATIVE HUMIDITY Chart by: HANDS DOWN SOFTWARE, DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - F

8 14.0 VOLUME- CU.FT. PER LB. DRY AIR HUMIDITY RATIO - POUNDS MOISTURE PER POUND DRY AIR.025 A global leader in energy efficient air treatment solutions dhinfo@munters.com PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 23 FEET Barometric Pressure Inches HG Prepared By: Name: Keith Dunnavant.023 Company: Munters Tel: keith.dunnavant@munters.com Date: 4/25/ WET BULB TEMPERATURE - F % Weather Data Location: SACRAMENTO_METROPOLITAN_AP, CALIFORNIA, USA Weather Hours 27 to 1 54 to to to to to to to to % 80% 70% 55 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 60 Recommended 10% RELATIVE HUMIDITY % Cool Hot Dry Air F cools to 75F 8% RELATIVE HUMIDITY 6% 4% 2% Chart by: HANDS DOWN SOFTWARE, DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - F

9 Direct Evaporative Cooling

10 Mixing Box Wet Bulb Economizer Requires: Modulating O/A Dampers Pressure Controls Humidity Controls MERV Filters Does Not: O/A Reduce Cooling Load At WB Design VFD Controlled Relief Fans (Pressure Control) Return Damper MERV 8 + MERV 13 Filters Modulating Face & Bypass Dampers Supply Fans Cooling Coil R/A Direct Evaporative Cooling S/A

11 Direct Air-Side Economizer Takes advantage of cooler ambient conditions Outdoor air is delivered DIRECTLY into the data hall Requires Good Air Filtration Requires Relief fans or barometric relief Requires a good means of mixing O/A with R/A Requires a means of humidification for winter use Requires a means of accurately regulating the humidification Cannot be used during high ambient dew point conditions

12 Indirect Air Side Economizer Polymer Tube Heat Exchanger 75F 95F

13 Indirect Air-Side Economizer with Polymer Tube Heat Exchanger Condenser Coil 3 Operating Modes 1) Winter Dry HX 2) Summer Wet HX (IEC) 3) Summer Extreme IEC + DX 96.5F 76.6F 95F 100F db / 70F wb 75F

14 Indirect Air-Side Economizer Uses an air-to-air heat exchanger to reject heat from the data hall to a scavenger outdoor airstream Outdoor air IS NOT delivered DIRECTLY into the data hall Filtration may be eliminated from some units Room pressure is not impacted Room absolute humidity levels are not impacted CAN be used with great benefit during high ambient dew point And wet bulb conditions

15 HUMIDITY RATIO - POUNDS MOISTURE PER POUND DRY AIR Indirect Air-Side vs. Direct Air-Side Economizer.025 A global leader in energy efficient air treatment solutions dhinfo@munters.com PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 728 FEET Barometric Pressure Inches HG Just Right Prepared By: Name: Keith Dunnavant.023 Company: Munters Tel: keith.dunnavant@munters.com Date: 4/25/ WET BULB TEMPERATURE - F Indirect Evaporative.018 Heat Exchanger Provides % of Total Cooling % Too Humid F dp Weather Data Location: CHARLOTTE_DOUGLAS_INTL_ARPT, NORTH_CAROLINA, USA 55 90% Weather Hours 11 to 1 22 to to to to to to to to % 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 55 Recommended 10% RELATIVE HUMIDITY 14.0 VOLUME- CU.FT. PER LB. DRY AIR 15% Indirect Evaporative.005 Heat Exchanger Provides % of Total Cooling.003 8% RELATIVE HUMIDITY 6% 4% 2% F dp Too Dry Chart by: HANDS DOWN SOFTWARE, DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - F 64.4F db Too Hot 80.6F db

16 3 Primary Functions Required by the Data-Center Air Management System Heat Rejection Particulate Removal (Filtration) Ventilate & Control Pressure & Humidity

17 Data Center Heat Rejection Total Air Management Design Schematic integrating IASE

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19 Make-up Air & Humidity Control Module Integrated with a Heat Rejection Unit

20 Polymer Tube HX module Flexible Polymer Tubes 8 feet length 75-80% approach to outdoor scavenger air wb 50-55% dry heat recovery

21 Close-up of tube face and water-tight seal

22 Water distribution nozzle

23 Bottom of Heat Exchanger Water Sprays on

24 Control/Electrical panels

25 Compressor vestibule

26 Aluminum mesh Scavenger air filter

27 Supply air isolation damper with walk on grating installed above

28 Benefits of IASE Cooling Systems Lowest life-cycle cost option for cooling data-centers in most climates Filters may be eliminated from 75% of the Cooling Units resulting in reduced maintenance and fan power Reduced risk from Outdoor Air Pollutants entering the data-center Dry heat exchange during cooler ambient conditions eliminates freeze concerns Recirculation air cooling does not impact space humidity. Reduced water consumption compared to data-centers cooled with conventional water-side economizer systems Rapid Restart following Power Loss No relief fans or space pressure controls required

29 Percentage Bin Hours Predicted Annual Hrs Mech. Cooling Active 1437 % Annual Hrs IEC Rejects 100% of load 83.6% Estimated system SEER 41.4 Annual COP = 12.1 / PUEc = 1.08 Percentage of cooling provided by Mechanical vs IEC 100% 90% 80% Mech. Cooling IEC Cooling Bin Hours % 60% 50% % 30% 20% 10% 0% Ambient WB Performance of IASE operating in Newark, NJ 95F hot-aisle cooling to 75F Cold-aisle

30 HUMIDITY RATIO - POUNDS MOISTURE PER POUND DRY AIR.025 A global leader in energy efficient air treatment solutions dhinfo@munters.com PSYCHROMETRIC CHART 1148 FEET Prepared By: Name: Keith Dunnavant Company: Munters Tel: keith.dunnavant@munters.com Date: 2/20/ WET BULB TEMPERATURE - F Barometric Pressure Inches HG.019 IEC Provides 80% Of total cooling When Ambient WB Is < 75F % eather Data Location: OANOKE_REGIONAL_AP, VIRGINIA, USA Weather Hours 12 to 1 24 to to to to to to to to F % 60 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Recommended Class A % RELATIVE HUMIDITY 14.0 DX 14.5 VOLUME- CU.FT. PER LB. DRY AIR IEC 95F 15% 6% 4% 2% % RELATIVE HUMIDITY Chart by: HANDS DOWN SOFTWARE, DRY BULB TEMPERATURE - F

31 Rooftop View of Polymer Tube IASE Units on Australian Data Center

32 Polymer Tube IASE Units Operating in Wenatchee, WA

33 Units Seismic Certified to Ip=1.5 42,000 CFM Operating in Alhambra, CA

34 IASE Designs using Indirect Evaporative Cooling Meet Current and Future Load Requirements Elevation = 1,175 ft (Roanoke, VA Now 150kW with 20F dt DB ( F) WB ( F) ACFM 1 (R/A) , , ,362 4 (S/A) ,941 5 (O/A) , ,610 7 (E/A) ,135 *Includes estimated supply fan heat tons DX COP = 4.7 Future 253kW with 35F dt DB ( F) WB ( F) ACFM 1 (R/A) , , ,692 4 (S/A) ,298 5 (O/A) , ,865 7 (E/A) ,355 95F db / 80F wb Outdoor air 18 tons DX COP = 7.9

35 25,000 CFM Standard Rooftop Unit (DX sized for extreme WB)

36 25,000 CFM Standard Rooftop Unit With MUA Humidity Control

37 25,000 CFM Standard Rooftop Unit with 100% DX

38 25,000 CFM Standard Perimeter Mount Unit

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41 Thank You Thank you!