Application Protocol Examples

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1 Application Protocol Examples Web browsing File transfer Remote login an remote esktop Domain Name System (name lookup) Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 50 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

2 Original En-To-En Paraigm irect transfer Internet Each computer runs server to accept incoming client to sen outgoing Incoming mail eposite in user s mailbox Outgoing mail place in queue User interface to rea or compose messages separate from transfer applications Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 51 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

3 Current Paraigm access protocol use server at ISP transfer protocol use Internet server at ISP access protocol use User s mailbox locate on separate computer (usually at an ISP) Mail transfer application eposits message in mailbox User interface application accesses remote mailbox A web browser may be use as an access mechanism Special-purpose applications also exist Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 52 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

4 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Stanar for transfer Follows a stream paraigm Uses textual control messages Only transfers text messages Terminates message with <CR> <LF>. <CR> <LF> Allows a sener to specify recipients names an checks each name Sens only one copy of a message to a computer, even if estine to multiple recipients on the computer Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 53 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

5 Example SMTP Session S: 220 somewhere.com Simple Mail Transfer Service Reay C: HELO example.eu S: 250 OK C: MAIL S: 250 OK C: RCPT S: 550 No such user here C: RCPT S: 250 OK C: DATA S: 354 Start mail input; en with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> C:...sens boy of mail message, which can contain C:...arbitrarily many lines of text C: <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> S: 250 OK C: QUIT S: 221 somewhere.com closing transmission channel Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 54 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

6 Mail Access Protocols Two stanar protocols Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3) Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP) Functionality Provie access to a user s mailbox Permit user to view heaers, ownloa, elete, or sen iniviual messages Client runs on user s personal computer Server runs on a computer that stores user s mailbox Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 55 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

7 RFC2822 Mail Message Format representation stanar Name erive from the Internet stanar in which it is efine Specifies message consists of text file Blank line separates heaer from boy Heaer lines have the form: Keywor: information Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 56 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

8 RFC2822 Mail Message Format (continue) Some keywors have efine meanings: From: To: Subject: Cc: Keywors starting with uppercase X have no effect Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 57 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

9 RFC2822 Mail Message Format (continue) Some keywors have efine meanings: From: To: Subject: Cc: Keywors starting with uppercase X have no effect Examples: X-Best-networking-Course: CS422 at Purue X-Spam-Check-Results: bulk spam 90% likely X-Worst-TV-Shows: any reality show Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 57 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

10 Multimeia Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 58 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

11 Multimeia Observe was stanarize when computers only ha character-oriente (textual) interfaces SMTP is limite to transferring plain text messages Users want to photos, spreasheets, messages with special fonts an color Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 58 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

12 Multimeia Observe was stanarize when computers only ha character-oriente (textual) interfaces SMTP is limite to transferring plain text messages Users want to photos, spreasheets, messages with special fonts an color Question: can SMTP be use to transfer such ? Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 58 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

13 Multimeia Observe was stanarize when computers only ha character-oriente (textual) interfaces SMTP is limite to transferring plain text messages Users want to photos, spreasheets, messages with special fonts an color Question: can SMTP be use to transfer such ? Answer: it is possible because one can encoe arbitrary binary items in plain text (think of a hex ump) Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 58 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

14 Sening Non-Text Stanar is MIME (Multimeia Internet Mail Extensions) Backwar compatible with RFC2822 mail an SMTP Sener Encoes arbitrary binary item in plain text As lines to heaer to specify MIME Places aitional heaers before each item in the message (incluing plain text items) Sener can specify content type an encoing Stanar inclues Base64 encoing Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 59 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

15 Examples Of Mime Heaers MIME heaer lines ae to other RFC2822 heaers MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: Multipart/Mixe; Bounary=xyz123 Each part of the message has a MIME heaer that starts with the separator an specifies content type an encoing Example --xyz123 Content-Type: image/jpeg blank line ens heaer Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 60 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

16 Application Protocol Examples Web browsing File transfer Remote login an remote esktop Domain Name System (name lookup) Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 61 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

17 File Transfer Stanar is the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Once accounte for the most packets on the Internet Interesting communication paraigm Client forms a control connection to sen requests Server forms ata connection for each file transferre Server closes ata connection after transfer complete Notes Using a separate connection allows arbitrary ata transfer For ata connections, the server becomes a client an the client becomes a server (important for NAT) Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 62 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

18 Illustration Of FTP Communication client server client forms a control connection client sens irectory request over the control connection server forms a ata connection server sens irectory listing over the ata connection server closes the ata connection client sens ownloa request over the control connection server forms a ata connection server sens a copy of the file over the ata connection server closes the ata connection client sens a QUIT comman over control connection client closes the control connection Computer Networks an Internets -- Moule 2 63 Spring, 2014 Copyright All rights reserve.

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