JPEG 2000 Wireless Image Transmission System using Encryption Domain Authentication

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1 JPEG 000 Wieless Image Tansmission System using Encyption Domain Authentication Ryo Ito*, Muneaki Matsuo*, Yuya Miyaoka*, Koji Inoue**, Shoma Eguchi**, Masayuki Kuosaki*, Hioshi Ochi*, Yoshimitsu Kuoki**, Akio Miyazaki*** * Depatment of Compute Science and Electonics, Kyushu Institute of Technology Kawazu Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan ** Depatment of Contol and Infomation Systems Eng., Kuume ational College of Technology Komoino Kuume, Fukuoka, Japan *** Depatment of Social Infomation System, Kyushu Sangyo Univesity Matsukadai -3-1 Fukuoka Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan *{ito, mnmatsuo, miyaoka}@dsp.cse.kyutech.ac.jp, {kuosaki,ochi}@cse.kyutech.ac.jp **{s4606ki, s4608se}@std.kuume-nct.ac.jp, kuoki@kuume-nct.ac.jp ***miyazaki@is.kyusan-u.ac.jp Abstact In this pape, we popose a wieless high esolution video tansmission system with encyption and authentication. The poposed system is implemented by JPEG 000 coding. We implement JPEG 000 code by GPU in CUDA which is an integated development envionment fo GPU, o by JPEG 000 codec LSI. Moeove, the authentication system can check the use infomation in encypted domain using Paillie encyption. Theefoe, this system is moe secue than conventional systems. We show that the poposed system can achieve 4K size coding by.34fps with CUDA, and HD size coding by 9.98 fps with LSI codec. In addition, we demonstate that the authentication using Paillie encyption is successful. Keywods JPEG 000, Paillie encyption, GPGPU, Image tansmission, Digital cinema I. ITRODUCTIO In ecent yeas, fame size of the TV that is popula in each household ( pixels) is the mainsteam full HD. Howeve, thee is a gowing demand fo high-definition that exceeds the quality of full HD video in applications including movies and medical. Digital cinema is an application of digital technology fo stoage, distibution and pojection of motion pictues [1]. This technology is also expected to be used in home theates in the nea futue and pomise much bette image quality than high definition (HD) televisions. In addition, the size of 4K ( pixel) TV that has a esolution that is moe than fou times the full HD which has been commecially available, expected to spead. When using a pojecto to view high definition television (HDTV) content as well as digital cinema, wieless technology has become necessay because of the complexity of wiing. Wieless tansmission systems fo HD content ae being eseached and developed such as home theate system, Wieless HD (WiHD) [, 3], UWB(Ulta wide band)[4, 5] and wieless home digital inteface (WHDI) [6]. Additionally, 4K video has vaiety of benefits including emote medical diagnosis using a high-definition video. In case that uncompessed 4K size image is tansmitted, the thoughput needed is ove 6Gbps. Recently, since wieless LA technology is developing apidly, next geneation wieless LA standad IEEE 80.11ac can achieve a maximum of 6.9Gbps in physical laye. Howeve, 4K size image is needed to be compessed fo tansmission to account fo potocol ovehead in uppe laye. In addition, content secuity fo potecting copyight becomes impotant. Commonly-used authentication system has isk because the authentication identifie is checked afte decyption. If the decypted data is sniffed, the wietappe can get content data pefectly. JPEG 000 coding is appopiate compession technology fo wieless tansmission [7]. JPEG 000 is successo standad of JPEG, and used fo digital cinema. The image deteioation fo high compession ate is pevented moe than JPEG. Additionally, ate contol is easy, and eo esilience can be used. In this epot, we popose wieless tansmission system platfom fo JPEG 000 with authentication using encyption domain. The poposed system can achieve eal time pocessing and secue tansmission fo high-definition image. Figue 1. The poposed image tansmission system ISB Januay 7 ~ 30, 013 ICACT013

2 Figue. The achitectue of ADV1 Decode Figue 4. A pictue of the poposed system using ADV1 Figue 3. The achitectue of ADV1 Encode II. JPEG 000 IMAGE TRASMISSIO SYSTEM The poposed image tansmission platfom is shown in Figue 1. The est of the pape is oganized as follows: Section 3 and 4 descibe JPEG 000 codec implementations with codec LSI and CUDA. Section 5 states encyption and authentication algoithms. Section 6 shows the implementation esults of the poposed system. Finally, the pape is concluded with Section 7. This platfom is implemented based on "main" application with JPEG 000 codec and the authentication system. These functions ae povided as Dynamic Link Libay (DLL). III. IMPLEMETATIO OF JPEG 000 CODEC BY LSI We have implemented JPEG 000 codec DLL using "ADV1" JPEG000-compatible video LSI codec poduced by Analog Devides [8]. ADV1 can eal-time JPEG 000 encode/decode of HD esolution uncompessed video. ADV1 evaluation boad has Seial Digital Inteface (SDI) fo uncompessed image input/output. The achitectues of JPEG 000 encode and decode using ADV1 ae shown in Figue and 3, espectively. The poposed system contols ADV1 with DiectShow which is a multimedia famewok and API poduced by Micosoft [9]. DiectShow geneates pocesses fo JPEG 000 encoding/decoding with ADV1 independently fom "main" application and othe functions. Theefoe, this achitectue can pocess eal-time JPEG 000 coding with low latency. A pictue of the poposed system using ADV1 is shown in Figue 4. IV. IMPLEMETATIO OF JPEG 000 CODEC BY CUDA In this implementation, the goal is to playback the images at a fame ate of 30fps (fame pe sec.) 4K image size. Fo speeding up image of JPEG 000 codec 4K image size, implemented using CUDA(Compute Unified Device Achitectue). The block diagam of a JPEG 000 encode is shown in Figue 5. In the poposed codec with CUDA, the pocessing speed is impoved by using split tiles and paallel codeblocks. A. CUDA CUDA poduced by VIDIA is an envionment of geneal pupose computing on gaphics pocessing units (GPGPU) [10]. CUDA is paallel computing achitectue that enables damatic inceases in computing pefomance by hanessing the powe of the GPU. GPU cannot opeate alone. GPU can opeate on instuction fom the CPU. A CUDA achitectue ae shown in Figue 6. Inside the GPU, thee is a kind of memoy Shaed memoy and Registe, such as the Global memoy. Access time to the memoy space of each is diffeent fom the thead. ISB Januay 7 ~ 30, 013 ICACT013

3 Figue 5. JPEG 000 encode block diagam Figue 7. Split Tiles fo paallel pocessing Figue 8. Outline of homomophism Figue 6. CUDA Achitectue B. Split Tiles fo paallel coding In this pape, we show a JPEG 000 paallel pocessing algoithm using tile pocess. Afte split tiles, each image is encoded by JPEG 000. C. Paallel codeblocks In EBCOT each sub-band is patitioned into ectangula blocks (e.g., 64 64) called code-blocks, which fom the independent input to the coefficient bit modeling based on bitplane and aithmetic coding. Howeve, in JPEG 000, one side of code block is defined by a minimum of 4pixel. Each code block is independent of each othe, the code does not affect the othe blocks. Pocessed in paallel by each code block, we paallelize the coefficient bit modeling. V. ECRYPTIO AD AUTHETICATIO SYSTEM The encyption and an authentication system ae based on Paillie encyption [11]. Paillie encyption is one of the public key cyptosystems and consists of thee pats, geneation of key, encyption, and decyption. A. Additive Homomophism Outline of homomophism is shown in Figue 8. Homomophism consists following popeties. Elements A and B ae in set S, and an opeato is closed unde set S. Result that elements A and B ae calculated by opeato is expessed as A B. A set that elements A and B ae mapped by function f is denote by T, and the elements ae f (A) and f (B). An opeato is closed unde set T. Element f ( A B) that element A B is mapped by function f is equal to f ( A) f ( B) that elements f (A) and f (B) ae calculated by opeato. Additive homomophism has following elationship. f ( A) f ( B) f ( A B). (1) Equation (1) denotes that mapping A B can be gotten by multiplying mapping A and mapping B. B. Paillie Encyption 1) Geneation of Key The public key is denoted as and g, and the secet key is denoted as μ and λ. The function L is defined by x 1 L( x). () Fist, and λ ae expessed espectively with two geat pime numbes p and q as p q, lcm( p 1, q 1). (3) Hee, function lcm( x, y) deives lowest common multiple between x and y. ext, g is selected with following conditions. g Z, gcd( L( g mod ), ) 1, whee function gcd ( x, y) deives the geatest common diviso between x and y. Finally, μ is given by (4) 1 ( L( g mod )mod ). (5) ISB Januay 7 ~ 30, 013 ICACT013

4 ) Encyption The plaintext witten in numbes is denoted as m. The ciphetext c is expessed with, g, and m by m c g mod, (6) whee is selected with conditions that Z. Z is intege set, and is the paamete to map ciphetext in andom ode fo encyption and decided by encyption side. The andom natue stengthens secuity. 3) Decyption The plaintext m can be decypted fom c. Hee, m is given by m L( c mod )mod. (7) C. Poposed System Authentication system is implemented by additive homomophism of Paillie encyption, and the identifie is embedded in video image with encyption [1]. (i) Authentication Identifie Embedding As authentication identifie, ID that is allocated fo each pojecto is added to moving pictue image data m in encyption pocessing. In case that m ID, In case that m ID, m ID c g mod. (8) m ID c g mod. (9) Figue 9. The impelemtation esults of the authentication system TABLE 1. THE IMPLEMATATIO RESULTS OF CUDA Encode Decode Resolution [pixel] 4096 x 160 (4K) Coding speed [FPS] TABLE. THE IMPLEMATATIO RESULTS OF ADV1 Encode Decode Resolution [pixel] 180 x 70 (HD) Coding speed [FPS] (ii) Authentication Identifie Removing The Encyption data is multiplied with a paamete d in pojecto fo decypting. Hee, d is given by d ID g mod. (10) This paamete can be geneated by pojecto that knows the ID. When encyption data is tansmitted to pojecto fom seve, the ID can emoved by c d ( g g g m ID m m ID ID mod mod mod. ) ( g ID mod ) (11) The encypt domain is the heade that has the most impotant data. Since opeation esults affect all images, the content is kept secet. VI. IMPLEMETATIO RESULTS The implementation esults of the poposed system with authentication ae shown in Table 1 and. Fom Table 1, the poposed system can tansmit 4K images by.34fps (Fame pe Second). In addition, fom Table, the poposed system achieves eal-time HD image tansmission (9.98fps) with ADV1 codec LSI. Figue 10. Figue 11. The decyption image with coect ID The decyption image with incoect ID ISB Januay 7 ~ 30, 013 ICACT013

5 We have also validated the encyption and authentication function of the poposed system. Figue 10 and 11 illustate a compaison of the decyption images with coect/incoect ID by the poposed system. Fom these figues, the poposed system can potect images against a thid paty. VII. COCLUSIO In this pape, we poposed JPEG 000 image tansmission system with the authentication system. The poposed system can pocess 4K images by.34fps, and HD images by 9.98fps with the encyption and authentication function. In futue wok, we will implement eal-time 4K image tansmission systems by impoving coding speed of CUDA. ACKOWLEDGMET This wok was patly suppoted by a gant of Regional Innovation Cluste Pogam by Ministy of Education, Cultue, Spots, Science and Technology (MEXT) and Gants-in-Aid fo Scientific Reseach (KAKEHI) Gant umbe 76079, REFERECES [1] Digital Cinema Initiatives, Digital cinema system specification, [Online] Available: Sep. 01. [] Wieless HD, WielessHD Specification, [Online] Available: May, 010. [3] J. M. Gilbet, C. H. Doan, S. Emami, and C. B. Shung, "4-Gbps uncompessed wieless HD A/V tansceive chipset," IEEE Mico, vol.8, issue, pp , Ma [4] R. Kishnamoothy, "High definition, any-whee: How ulta wideband makes wieless HDMI possible," in Poc. CCC 007, 007, pp [5] S. S. Lee, C. W. Kim, B. H. Pak, S. S. Choi, and K. R. Cho, "A wimedia UWB tansceive fo 4-HD channel steaming," IEEE Tans. Consume Electonics, vol. 53, no., pp , May 007. [6] AMIMO, High-Definition Wieless. AMIMO - WHDI Technology Oveview, [Online] Available: Sep. 01. [7] ISO/IEC, "Infomation technology - JPEG 000 image coding system - Pat1:Coe coding system," ISO/IEC , 000. [8] Analog Devices, ADV1: JPEG 000 VIDEO CODEC, [Online] Available: Sep. 01. [9] Micosoft, Micosoft Develope etwok: DiectShow, [Online] Available: Sep. 01. [10] VIDIA, Paallel Pogamming and Computing Platfom CUDA, [Online] Available: Sep. 01. [11] Muneaki Matsuo, Masayuki Kuosaki, Akio Miyazaki, and Hioshi Ochi, "Image Tansmission using Encyption Domain Authentication fo Mesh etwok," 011 Intenational Wokshop on Smat Info- Media Systems in Asia (SISA011), 011, pp [1] Pascal Paillie, "Public-Key Cyptosystems Based on Composite Degee Residuosity Classes," EUROCRYPT'99, 1999, pp ISB Januay 7 ~ 30, 013 ICACT013