Delivering MPEG-4 Based Audio-Visual Services

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1 Delivering MPEG-4 Based Audio-Visual Services

2 MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SERIES Recently Published Titles: Consulting Editor Borko Furht Florida Atlantic University DELIVERING MPEG-4 BASED AUDIO-VISUAL SERVICES by Hari Kalva ISBN: CODING AND MODULATION FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION by Gordon Drury, Garegin Markarian, Keith Pickavance ISBN: CELLULAR AUTOMATA TRANSFORMS: Theory and Applications in Multimedia Compression, Encryption, and Modeling, by Olu Lafe ISBN: COMPUTED SYNCHRONIZATION FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS, by Charles B. Owen and Fillia Makedon ISBN: STILL IMAGE COMPRESSION ON PARALLEL COMPUTER ARCHITECTURES, bysavitri Bevinakoppa ISBN: INTERACTIVE VIDEO-ON-DEMAND SYSTEMS: Resource Management and Scheduling Strategies, by T. P. Jimmy To and Babak Hamidzadeh ISBN: MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS FOR THE 21st CENTURY: Visions of World Experts, by Borko Furht ISBN: INTELLIGENT IMAGE DATABASES: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval, by Yihong Gong ISBN: BUFFERING TECHNIQUES FOR DELIVERY OF COMPRESSED VIDEO IN VIDEO-ON-DEMAND SYSTEMS, by Wu-chi Feng ISBN: HUMAN FACE RECOGNITION USING THIRD-ORDER SYNTHETIC NEURAL NETWORKS, by Okechukwu A. Uwechue, and Abhijit S. Pandya ISBN: MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION SYSTEMS, by Marios C. Angelides and Schahram Dustdar ISBN: MOTION ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS FOR VIDEO COMPRESSION, by Borko Furht, Joshua Greenberg and Raymond Westwater ISBN: VIDEO DATA COMPRESSION FOR MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING, edited by Hua Harry Li, Shan Sun, Haluk Derin ISBN:

3 Delivering MPEG-4 Based Audio-Visual Services by Hari Kalva KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS New York / Boston / Dordrecht / London / Moscow

4 ebook ISBN: Print ISBN: Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow All rights reserved No part of this ebook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electroni mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Visit Kluwer Online at: and Kluwer's ebookstore at:

5 To my parents Sujata and Srinivasa Reddy

6 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS... xi 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION MPEG In Brief Components of a Multimedia System OVERVIEW OF THE BOOK Video-On-Demand Systems Object-Based Audio- Visual Services Scheduling Object-Based Presentations Scheduling Interactive Presentations VIDEO-ON-DEMAND INTRODUCTION System Operation and Application Services STREAM SERVICE AND THE DISTRIBUTED VIDEO PUMP Stream Service for Web Clients STANDARDIZATION AND INTEROPERABILITY Information Flows and Reference Points Interoperability CONCLUDING REMARKS... 24

7 viii Contents 3 OBJECT BASED AUDIO VISUAL SERVICES INTRODUCTION COMPONENTS OF OBJECT-BASED PRESENTATIONS The Notion of an Object Scene Composition TERMINAL AND BITSTREAM DESIGN FOR OBJECT-BASED AUDIO- VISUAL PRESENTATIONS Bitstream Architecture SUPPORTING USER INTERACTION IN OBJECT-BASED PRESENTATIONS MPEG-4 User Interaction Model Command Descriptor Framework STORAGE FORMAT FOR OBJECT-BASED AUDIO-VISUAL PRESENTATIONS Requirements for New Generation Multimedia Formats IIF A Format For MPEG-4 Media OVERVIEW OF MPEG-4 SYSTEMS DELIVERING OBJECT-BASED PRESENTATIONS CONCLUDING REMARKS SCHEDULING OBJECT-BASED AUDIO-VISUAL PRESENTATIONS INTRODUCTION SCHEDULING AUDIO-VISUAL OBJECTS System Model and Assumptions Notation Problem Formulation Complexity of Audio- Visual Object Scheduling CHARACTERIZING OBJECT-BASED AUDIO-VISUAL PRESENTATIONS STARTUP DELAY AND TERMINAL BUFFER Residual Data Volume SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS Algorithm FullSched The GapSched Algorithm The IncSched Algorithm Algorithm MinC Algorithm BestSched... 75

8 Contents ix 6. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS Startup Delay and Capacity Computation Buffer and Capacity Computation CONCLUDING REMARKS SCHEDULING INTERACTIVE AUDIO-VISUAL PRESENTATIONS INTRODUCTION EVENT SPECIFICATION THE MINC-I ALGORITHM DYNAMIC SCHEDULING AND RESOURCE RE-NEGOTIATION ALGORITHM ADJUSTSCHEDULE CONTENT CREATION CONCLUDING REMARKS REFERENCES INDEX

9 Acknowledgements First I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Ph.D. advisor Prof. Alexandros Eleftheriadis for his support and direction. He provided not only technical and professional support but more importantly the moral support and friendship, without which I could not have possibly succeeded. I would like to thank Prof. Dimitris Anastassiou and Prof. Shih-Fu Chang for giving me an opportunity to work in the ADVENT project and encouraging me to pursue my PhD. I would also like to thank Prof. Borko Furht, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, my M.S. advisor, for his support and encouragement. I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge all the people who have helped me in many ways over the years. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my family for their support and understanding: Amma, Nanna, Munni, Ram, Timin, and Miny. Special thanks to Naoko for her patience and support.

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