To assign a name to a frame, add the name attribute to the frame tag. The syntax for this attribute is: <frame src= url name= name />

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1 Assigning a Name to a Frame To assign a name to a frame, add the name attribute to the frame tag. The syntax for this attribute is: <frame src= url name= name /> case is important in assigning names: information is considered a different name than INFORMATION 1

2 Setting the Frame Names the frame name 2

3 Specifying a Link Target You can use the target attribute to open a page in a specific frame. The syntax for this is: target= name When a page contains dozens of links that should all open in the same frame, HTML provides a way to specify a target frame for all the hyperlinks within a single page. 3

4 Specifying a Link Target the Web page will appear in the pages frame 4

5 Using Reserved Target Names Reserved target names are special names that can be used in place of a frame name as the target. They are useful in situations: where the name of the frame is unavailable when you want the page to appear in a new window when you want the page to replace the current browser window All reserved target names begin with the underscore character ( _ ) to distinguish them from other target names. Reserved target names are case-sensitive, they must be entered in lowercase. 5

6 Using Reserved Target Names 6

7 Using the _self target 7

8 Using the <noframes> Tag Use the <noframes> tag to allow your Web site to be viewable using browsers that do or do not support frames. When a browser that supports frames processes this code, it ignores everything within the <noframes> tags and concentrates solely on the code within the <frameset> tags. When a browser that doesn t support frames processes this code, it doesn t know what to do with the <frameset> and <noframes> tags, so it ignores them. When you use the <noframes> tag, you must include <body> tags, this way, both types of browsers are supported within a single HTML file. 8

9 The <noframes> Syntax The syntax for the <noframes> tag is: <html> <head> <title>title</title> </head> <frameset> frames <noframes> <body> page content </body> </noframes> </frameset> </html> 9

10 Frameless Version of a Web Site 10

11 Inserting the Noframes Code Web site will contain no frames 11

12 Working with Frame Borders There are additional attributes you can apply to the <frame> tag that allow you to change border size and appearance. For example: you can remove borders from your frames to free up more space for text and images you can change the color of the frame border so that it matches or complements the color scheme for your Web site 12

13 Setting the Border Color To change the color of a frame s border, use the bordercolor attribute. The attribute can be applied either to an entire set of frames, using the <frameset> tag, or to individual frames, using the <frame> tag. The syntax for this attribute is: bordercolor= color > 13

14 Setting the Border Color Applying the bordercolor attribute to the <frameset> tag affects all of the frames and nested frames within the set. If you apply the bordercolor attribute to a single <frame> tag, that particular color of the border changes in Internet Explorer, but in Netscape Navigator, all of the frame borders change. View the page using different browsers and browser versions. 14

15 Web Site with Brown Frame Border 15

16 Setting the Border Width Another way of modifying frame borders is to change their widths using the border attribute. The border attribute can be used only in the <frameset> tag, and not in individual <frame> tags. The syntax for the border attribute is: <frame frameborder= value > value is the width of the frame borders in pixels 16

17 Removing the Frame Borders Some Web designers prefer not to show frame borders in order to give the illusion of having a single Web page rather than three separate ones, while other Web designers believe that hiding frame borders can confuse users as they navigate the Web site. setting the width of the frame border to zero has the effect of removing the border 17

18 Web Site without Frame Borders 18

19 Creating Inline Frames Another way of using frames is to create a floating frame. An inline frame, or floating frame, is displayed as a separate box or window within a Web page. The frame can be placed within a Web page in much the same way as an inline image. 19

20 The Floating Frames Syntax The syntax for a floating frame is: <iframe src= url > alternate content </iframe> URL is the name and location of the file you want to display in the floating frame the alternate content is the content you want displayed in the browser that don t support inline frames in addition to these attributes, you can use some of the other attributes you used with fixed frames, such as the marginwidth, marginheight, and name attributes 20

21 Attributes of inline frames 21

22 Creating an inline frame HTML code to create an inline frame 22

23 Viewing a Floating Frame 23

24 Exercise Turn our table-based website into a frame based and decide on some advantages/disadvantages of frames/tables 24

25 Advantages to Using Frames Frames can give more flexibility in designing your Web presentation. You can place information in different Web pages, removing redundancy. Frames can make your site easier to manage. Frames allows you to update only a few files rather than the whole. Web designers advocate creating both framed and nonframed versions for a Web site and giving users the option of which one to use. 25

26 Disadvantages to Using Frames The browser has to load multiple HTML files before a user can view the contents of the site increasing the waiting time for potential customers. Some older browsers cannot display frames. Some users simply do not like using frames. Some web authors feel that frames are too constricting, limiting flexibility in designing the layout of a Web page. There is concern that frames can use up valuable screen space. The frame-definitions source code is removed from the user. Can be more awkward to print 26

Objectives. Tutorial 8 Designing ga Web Site with Frames. Introducing Frames. Objectives. Disadvantages to Using Frames. Planning Your Frames

Objectives. Tutorial 8 Designing ga Web Site with Frames. Introducing Frames. Objectives. Disadvantages to Using Frames. Planning Your Frames Objectives Tutorial 8 Designing ga Web Site with Frames Explore the uses of frames in a Web site Create a frameset consisting of rows and columns of frames Display a document within a frame Format the