Chapter 6. Using Frames in a Web Site

Transcription

1 Chapter 6 Using Frames in a Web Site

2 Chapter Objectives Define terms related to frames Describe the steps used to design a frame structure Plan and lay out a frameset Create a frame definition file that defines three frames Use the <frameset> tag Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 2

3 Chapter Objectives Use the <frame> tag Change frame scrolling options Name a frame content target Identify Web pages to display at startup Set frame rows and columns Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 3

4 Chapter Objectives Create a navigation menu page with text links Create a home page Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 4

5 Creating a Frame Definition File A frame definition file defines the layout of the frames in a Web site and specifies the Web page contents of each frame A frameset is used to define the layout of the frames that are displayed Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 5

6 Creating a Frame Definition File Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 6

7 Frame Tag Attributes Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 7

8 Entering Initial HTML Tags to Define the Web Page Structure Open a new file in Notepad and enter the HTML code shown in Table 6 3. Press ENTER at the end of each line of code. If you make an error as you are typing, use the BACKSPACE key to delete all the characters back to and including the incorrect characters, and then continue typing Compare what you typed to Figure If you notice errors, use your mouse pointer or ARROW keys to move the insertion point to the right of each error and use the BACKSPACE key to correct the error. Position the insertion point on the blank line two lines below the </head> tag and two lines above the </html> tag (line 11) Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 8

9 Entering Initial HTML Tags to Define the Web Page Structure Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 9

10 Defining Columns and Rows in the Frameset If necessary, click line 11 Type <frameset cols= 22%,78% > to define the two columns and then press the ENTER key twice Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 10

11 Defining Columns and Rows in the Frameset Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 11

12 Specifying Attributes of the Menu Frame If necessary, click line 13 Type <frame src= menu.html title= menu name= menu frameborder= 0 /> and then press the ENTER key to insert the HTML code for the menu frame Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 12

13 Specifying Attributes of the Menu Frame Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 13

14 Specifying Attributes of the Main Frame If necessary, click line 14 Type <frame src= home.html title= win-main name= win-main frameborder= 0 /> and then press the ENTER key twice to insert the HTML code for the main frame Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 14

15 Specifying Attributes of the Main Frame Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 15

16 Ending the Framesets If necessary, click line 16 Type </frameset> as the tag and then press the ENTER key Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 16

17 Ending the Framesets Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 17

18 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File With a USB flash drive connected to one of the computer s USB ports, click File on the Notepad menu bar and then click Save As. Type framedef.html in the File name text box (do not press ENTER) If Computer is not displayed in the Favorite Links section, drag the top or bottom edge of the Save As dialog box until Computer is displayed Click Computer in the Favorite Links section to display a list of available drives If necessary, scroll until UDISK 2.0 (G:) appears in the list of available drives. If necessary, open the Chapter06\ChapterFiles folder Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 18

19 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File Click the Save button in the Save As dialog box to save the file on the USB flash drive with the file name framedef.html Validate the Web page Click framedef.html Notepad on the taskbar and print the HTML file Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 19

20 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 20

21 Starting a New Notepad Document and Entering Initial HTML Tags Click File on the Notepad menu bar and then click New Enter the HTML code in Table 6 4 to enter the initial tags Position the insertion point on line 12 Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 21

22 Starting a New Notepad Document and Entering Initial HTML Tags Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 22

23 Adding Links with Targets to the Menu Page Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 23

24 Adding Links with Targets to the Menu Page If necessary, click line 12 Enter the HTML code shown in Table 6 5, and then press the ENTER key twice after the last line Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 24

25 Adding Links with Targets to the Menu Page Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 25

26 Adding an Link If necessary, click line 33 Type <p><em><font size= -1 > questions and comments to as the code and press the ENTER key Type <a href= mailto: to complete the link Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 26

27 Adding an Link Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 27

28 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File Save the file in the Chapter06\ChapterFiles folder on your USB drive with the file name menu.html Validate the Web page Print the HTML file Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 28

29 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 29

30 Copying and Pasting the HTML Code to a New File Click menu.html Notepad on the taskbar, if necessary Click immediately to the left of the < in the <!DOCTYPE html tag on line 1 Drag through the <body> tag on line 10 to highlight lines 1 through 10 Press CTRL+C to copy the selected lines to the Clipboard Click File on the Notepad menu bar and then click New Press CTRL+V to paste the contents from the Clipboard into a new file Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 30

31 Copying and Pasting the HTML Code to a New File Press the ENTER key three times Type </body> and then press the ENTER key Type </html> and then press the ENTER key Change the title on line 8 to say Home page (rather than Menu) Click line 12 to position the insertion point Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 31

32 Copying and Pasting the HTML Code to a New File Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 32

33 Creating the Home Page If necessary, click line 12 Enter the HTML code shown in Table 6 6, pressing the ENTER key after each line Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 33

34 Creating the Home Page Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 34

35 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File Save the file in the Chapter06\ChapterFiles folder of your USB drive as home.html Validate the Web page Print the HTML file Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 35

36 Saving, Validating, and Printing the HTML File Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 36

37 Viewing and Printing the Frame Definition File Using a Browser Start your browser Type G:\Chapter06\ChapterFiles\ framedef.html in the Address box and then press the ENTER key to view the two Web pages defined in the frame definition file and verify that the correct pages are displayed at startup Click the drop-down arrow on the Print icon on the Command bar, and then click Print Click the Options tab in the Print dialog box Click As laid out on screen to select it, and then click the Print button to print the frames as laid out on screen Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 37

38 Viewing and Printing the Frame Definition File Using a Browser Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 38

39 Testing and Printing the Links Click the Necklaces link on the navigation menu and ensure that the Necklaces page shows in the main frame Click the drop-down arrow on the Print icon on the Command bar and click Print. Click the Options tab in the Print dialog box, click As laid out on screen, and then click the Print button to print a copy of the necklace.html Web page as laid out in the browser Click the Bracelets link on the navigation menu and ensure that the Bracelets page shows in the main frame. If you want a copy of the Web page as shown in the browser, print the Web page using the As laid out on screen option Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 39

40 Testing and Printing the Links Click the Watches link on the navigation menu and ensure that the Watches page shows in the main frame. If you want a copy of the Web page as shown in the browser, print the Web page using the As laid out on screen option Click the Orders link on the navigation menu to ensure that the order form appears in the main frame. If you want a copy of the Web page as shown in the browser, print the Web page using the As laid out on screen option Click the Home link on the navigation menu by clicking the Jana s Jewels logo Click the link and verify that the New Message window shows janasjewels@isp.com as the address. Click the Close button to close the New Message window and quit the program Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 40

41 Testing and Printing the Links Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 41

42 Quitting Notepad and a Browser Click the Close button on the browser title bar Click the Close button on the Notepad window title bar Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 42

43 Chapter Summary Define terms related to frames Describe the steps used to design a frame structure Plan and lay out a frameset Create a frame definition file that defines three frames Use the <frameset> tag Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 43

44 Chapter Summary Use the <frame> tag Change frame scrolling options Name a frame content target Identify Web pages to display at startup Set frame rows and columns Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 44

45 Chapter Summary Create a navigation menu page with text links Create a home page Chapter 6: Using Frames in a Web Site 45

46 Chapter 6 Notes for Quizzes. A frameset is used to define the layout of the frames that are displayed. The <frameset> attribute call cols indicates the number of columns. The default value for printing a Web page with frames is printing only the selected frame. If you use an asterisk, the browser determines how much space is necessary for the frame based on the information you include in the attribute. When the frame width is defined in pixels, the size of the frame stays fixed when the browser window is resized. There must be a </frameset> tag to close every <frameset> tag. The sizes of the margins of a window are specified as a certain number of pixels. Scroll bars allow a user to scroll through a Web page when the page exceeds the size of the frame area. With frames, a Home page is one part of a frame structure. You should include a text link with every graphic link.

47 Chapter 6 Notes for Quizzes. A frame is a rectangular area of a Web page in which a separate Web page can be displayed. In the analysis phase of the Web Development Life Cycle, you should analyze what content to include on the Web page. The start <noframes> and end </noframes> tags are used to specify alternative text. The frame tag attribute called src indicates the Web page or other file to be displayed in the frame. Within the <frameset> tag you specify the number of columns and rows in the display area with the cols and rows attributes. The frameborder attribute defines the border that separates frames. If the border is turned off, the browser automatically inserts five pixels of space to separate the frames. It helps to write code, save it, and then view it in a browser to see the effect. You do use the <body> tags when creating a Web page. The title win-main is unique naming convention not only used when naming frames.

48 Chapter 6 Notes for Quizzes. HTML tags define the overall structure of the Web page A frameset is used to define the layout of the frames displayed. The attribute Frameborder turns frame borders on or off The attribute marginheight adjusts the margins above and below a document within a frame. The home page displays at startup in the main target frame. The purpose of the Web site is determined in the planning phase of the Web Development Life Cycle. If any links do not work correctly, return to notepad to modify the HTML code. One common way of providing an easy way for your visitors to return to the home page is to make the logo a link back to the home page Using a percentage when specifying a frame column or row size has an advantage in that the sizes of the row and column will change when the browser window is resized The noresize attribute can be used to prevent web site visitors from resizing the frame.

49 Chapter 6 Complete Using Frames in a Web Site