Traffic Simulation Framework

Transcription

1 Traffic Simulation Framework Pawel Gora 11 October 2010 Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Mechanics University of Warsaw 1

2 Spis treści 1 Introduction Contents How to get TSF Contact Basic information Requirements TSF functionality Content of the project Input data for the simulator How to run the application Graphical user interface How to use the application Tool bar Button Play/Pause Button Stop Buttons Zoom In, Zoom Out Button Clean Information panels Panel Display Panel search Panel Statistics Panel Velocity Range Panel Grade scale Menu File Option New Option Read Option Save Option Exit Menu Edit Default Street Velocities Simulation Parameters Edit signals Adding traffic signals Removing traffic signals Modifying existing signals Monitored links Removing monitored links Adding monitored links Monitored regions

3 6.5.1 Removing monitored regions Adding monitored regions Edit Start Points Distribution (Destination Points Distribution) Menu View 28 8 Menu Run Generate routes Menu Help Format of data File structure.csv File cars.csv File congestion.csv File jams.csv File averagevelocity.csv Use cases Example Edition of simulation parameters Bibliography 34 3

4 1 Introduction This document describes functionality of the Traffic Simulation Framework - a complex tool for simulating and investigating vehicular traffic in cities. The program was developed at the University of Warsaw. It uses realistic maps of road networks in cities. Currently the user can use the tool to simulate traffic in Warsaw, but in the future it will be easy to simulate traffic on road network of any city. The main goal of the tool is to generate data related with vehicular traffic which can be used to investigate this complex phenomenon. By now, TSF was used as a source of data for the ICDM 2010 Contest: TomTom and TunedIT traffic prediction for GPS navigation and for the research over adaptive planning of vehicular traffic. The program was implemented in the C# language using.net Framework technology [NET]. The implementation uses existing models of simulation based on cellular automaton (Nagel-Schreckenberg model [NS], [SCH] Chowdhurry-Schadschneider model [CS], [SHA]) improved by some new ideas. Default simulation parameters were initialized based on data from real detections [GUS], [ZDM]. The project was partially supported by the research grant N N from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland. 1.1 Contents Chapter 2 contains principles of the TSF which are sufficient for using the tool. It will cover the following topics: functionality of the TSF description of all important files and directories included in the project hardware and software requirements input data necessary to run the application how to run the application usage of the tool graphical user interface Next chapters contains detailed description of all functionalities of the Traffic Simulation Framework. The chapter 3 describes functionality of buttons from the navigation panel Play/Pause. Stop, Zoom In, Zoom Out, Clean. The chapter 4 describes functionality of panels from the upper part of the map, chapters 5-9 describe how to use menu in the top of the main window, chapter 10 presents format of the data which are written out to external files. Usage of the simulator is summarized in the chapter 11. 4

5 1.2 How to get TSF The newest version of the TSF can be downloaded from the website: pawelg/traffic_simulator. 1.3 Contact If you have any questions or comments regarding TSF you can contact the author of the tool at 5

6 2 Basic information 2.1 Requirements Memory At least 512MB RAM is required Operating system Windows XP/Vista/7 - with installed.net Framework 3.5.NET Framework 2.2 TSF functionality Currently simulator provides the following functionality: Conducting realistic simulation of the vehicular traffic (simulating motion of about 10 5 cars in the real time). Writing data related with simulation to external files Choosing regions of map, from which data may be saved to files during the simulation Generating routes for the simulation Editing start/destination points distribution Editing position and configuration of road signals Editing parameters of simulation Viewing simulation from many perspectives, zooming, scrolling map Reading and saving edited data 2.3 Content of the project The project contains: Execution file traffic_simulator.exe which runs the main application Directory Resources with file warsaw.osm with description of the road network of Warsaw and file velocities.txt with velocities (average value and deviation) at all possible types of roads Directory Tiles with bitmaps Directory Documents which contains this document Directory Statistics with all files generated during the simulation 6

7 Directories Signals, Traffic, Streets, Regions, Start_distribution, Destination_distribution which are default directories for files with description of: traffic signals, routes of vehicles, links monitored during the simulation, regions monitored during the simulation, distribution of starting points, distribution of destination points. Those directories contain default files read during start of the application: signals.txt, traffic.txt, streets.txt, regions.txt, start_distribution.txt, destination_distribution.txt. All those files are necessary for a correct activity of the program. 2.4 Input data for the simulator We can divide input data read by the simulator into 2 groups: Essential data Optional data Essential data are data related with a map. They are bitmaps which represent the map and files with description of the map. Data are read only during start of the application and can t be modified later. Optional data are also read during start of the application (as default data), but can be also read later (optionally from different files), modified (except routes - the user can only generate new routes) and written to file. Optional data can be divided into 6 categories: Routes Configuration of traffic signals Distribution of start point Distribution of destination points Links from road network which can be monitored during the simulation (data from this links are written out to files during the simulation) Map regions monitored during the simulation (data from this regions are written out to files during the simulation) 2.5 How to run the application Application can be run by running the executable file traffic_simulator.exe in the main directory of the project. 7

8 Rysunek 1: The main window of the application 2.6 Graphical user interface TSF can be controlled by user friendly GUI. The main window of the application is presented on the picture 1. The main window includes map of the city of Warsaw which covers most of that window. Borders of the map contain buttons to scroll the map. The upper part of the map contains buttons Display, Search, Statistics, Velocity Range, Grade Scale which serve to display additional panels in the upper part of the map (picture 2). Those panels are described in details in 4. Rysunek 2: Buttons for displaying windows with additional information The upper part of the main window contains menu bar with options: File, Edit, View, Run, Help (picture 3). Their functionality is described in details in chapters 5-8. Rysunek 3: Menu bar Below menu bar the user can find a tool bar with 5 buttons (picture 4). Their functions are described in details in the chapter 3. 8

9 2.7 How to use the application During start the application reads all data required to its correct activity, so the user can run the application using a button Play from the tool bar (the user just has to confirm default parameters to run the application) just after the start. Format of outputted data is described in details in chapter 10. Traffic Simulation Framework has much more expanded functionality and gives great capabilities in choosing simulation parameters. The next part of the document explains in details further options of the simulator. 9

10 3 Tool bar Rysunek 4: Tool bar Tool bar contains the following buttons: Play/Pause Stop Zoom In Zoom out Clean 3.1 Button Play/Pause It is a button to start/pause/continue the simulation. If the simulation isn t started, pressing button will open the window Simulation parameters (picture 5) in which the user can edit parameters. Parameters have default values that can be set in the window Edit- >Simulation Parameters (details in chapter 6.2). Rysunek 5: Window Simulation Parameters 10

11 Parameters have the following semantics: Initial number of cars: Number of cars that start the simulation, Additional cars: Number of cars that start the simulation after every Time gap seconds, Time gap: Number of steps after which Additional cars start simulation, Step: Number of milliseconds which responds to 1 step of simulation, Refreshing frequency: number of steps of simulation after which map is being refreshed, Limit: Duration of the simulation (number of steps), Jam avoiding: percentage of drivers that have information about jams and optimize their route in order to find the best route, Crossroad penalty: indicates reduction (in percentage) of a car s speed passing crossroad, Turning penalty: indicates reduction (in percentage) of a car s speed when the car is turning left or right on the crossroad, Accelerate: increase of car s velocity (in km h ), Structure: checkbox which indicates if the program should produce file structure.txt, Combobox: the user can choose type of the output. Possible options: ICDM- Traffic, ICDM-Jams, ICDM-GPS. Pressing button Ok confirms simulation parameters and starts the simulation. The simulation may be paused/continued by pressing button Play/Pause. 3.2 Button Stop The button stops the simulation. 3.3 Buttons Zoom In, Zoom Out Buttons Zoom In and Zoom Out change size of the map. 3.4 Button Clean removes all drawed objects from the map and closes all opened win- The button dows. 11

12 4 Information panels The upper part of the map contains 5 buttons to display and hide panels with additional information. Those buttons are: Display Search Statistics Velocity Range Grade scale 4.1 Panel Display Rysunek 6: Panel Display This panel contains checkboxes to set which objects are displayed on the map. Nodes - displaying all nodes of the road network (green points) Signals - displaying all road signals with their current state - synchronization. Positions of traffic lights are marked dark green, every edge incident to position of traffic light is marked light green or red which determines state of the traffic signal at the exit of the street. For example, picture 7 presents traffic lights at Plac Narutowicza. There is a green light at the entry of Filtrowa street and red light at the entry of Grójecka street. The program reads default configuration of traffic signals from the file signals.txt from a directory Signals. Configuration of traffic signals can be edited by choosing option Edit->Signals from menu bar. Procedure of edition of traffic signals is described in details in section

13 Rysunek 7: Example of configuration of traffic signals at the crossroad of streets Grójecka and Filtrowa Start areas/destination areas - displaying distribution of start/destination points on a map. Map is divided into = 1600 regions (squares). Every square has value of parameter rank from the set {0,1,2,3,4}. This parameter is proportional to chances for draw a node from this region as a start/destination point of generated route (see details in section 6.6). Framing of the region has a color which corresponds to value rank for this region. Default distributions of start/destination points are read from files start_default.txt and destination_default.txt from directories Start_distribution and Destination_distribution during start of the application. Distributions can be edited by choosing Edit->Start points distribution (or Destination points distribution) from the menu bar. Cars - displays positions of cars on the map. Every car has color which responds to its velocity and the relation is conform with scale in Velocity range. This option is enabled during start of the application and all cars on the map have color red (because their velocity is 0 km h ). Cars are read from file traffic.txt in directory Traffic. New routes can be read from another file by choosing File->Read- >Routes from menu bar. It is also possible to create new routes by choosing Run->Generate routes from the menu bar (see details in chapter 8.1). Average velocities - after choosing this option all edges of road network are coloured. Their color is conformed with a scale in the panel Velocity range (see details in chapter 6.1). Monitored links - the simulator posses a set of edges which are monitored during simulation (it means that data from those edges are written out during simulation). Those edges are coloured blue as in the picture 8. Set of this edges can be edited by choosing Edit->Monitored links from menu bar. This edition is described in details in the chapter 6.4. During start of the simulator monitored links are read from the file streets.txt in directory Streets. Monitored regions - displays monitored regions on the map (example in the picture 9). Monitored regions are rectangulars with a property that every edge in that region is a monitored link (data from this edge are written out during 13

14 Rysunek 8: Exemplary monitored links on a map simulation). By default monitored regions are read from file regions.txt in directory Regions during start of the application. Edition of monitored regions can be done by choosing Edit->Monitored regions from menu bar and is described in details in 6.5. Rysunek 9: Exemplary monitored regions 4.2 Panel search TSF enables also searching for a particular street by typing the name of the street and pressing the Search button. Results of searching are presented on the picture

15 Rysunek 10: Panel search Rysunek 11: Results of searching for a street 4.3 Panel Statistics This panel contains some statistics about simulation: Average velocity - current average velocity of all cars (in km h ) No of cars - number of cars that take part in the simulation Time[sec] - time (in sec) from beginning of the simulation Steps - number of steps from beginning of the simulation 4.4 Panel Velocity Range In this panel the user can see scale of colors which respond to velocities. By default scale takes into account velocities in range km h, but it is possible to modify this range. Color of cars during simulation responds to their current velocity. 15

16 Rysunek 12: Panel Simulation Statistics Rysunek 13: Panel Velocity Range 4.5 Panel Grade scale In this panel the user can see scale of values of attribute rank for particular regions of map. 16

17 Rysunek 14: Panel Grade Scale 5 Menu File Choosing menu File the user can create new simulation (New), read (Read) and write (Save) optional data of simulation and quit (Exit) the program. 5.1 Option New Choosing option File->New opens new window in which user can create new simulation (picture 15) and read data for this simulation. The user can also choose input files for the simulation. Rysunek 15: Window New Simulation Pressing button Ok confirms the choice, reads data and initialize new simulation. 5.2 Option Read Choosing option Read from menu File the user can read optional data. For example, choosing File->Read->Signals will read configuration of traffic signals from a file. 17

18 Rysunek 16: Window for reading optional data 5.3 Option Save Choosing option Save from menu File will save concrete data to a file. For example, choosing File->Save->Routes we have opportunity to save current situation on the road (current positions of cars and routes they have to cover). This configuration can be later read for a purpose of another simulation. Rysunek 17: Saving optional data to a file 5.4 Option Exit Program will quit, all windows will be closed (simulation is not saved automatically). 18

19 6 Menu Edit Options from menu Edit serve to edit optional data (except routes - it is possible to generate new routes, it is impossible to edit existing routes) and additional parameters of simulation. 6.1 Default Street Velocities Choosing Edit->Default Street Velocities from menu opens new window (picture 18) in which the user can edit average velocities and deviations from this values: Trunk Road Primary Road Secondary Road Residential Road Rysunek 18: Defaul Street Velocities window Enabling option Display displays all roads of the chosen type on the map. Color of the name of a road type corresponds with a color of roads of that type on the map. Average velocity and standard deviation serves for proper selection of maximal velocity of a car (on a given road). Of course final velocity is usually less because of presence of other cars. This velocity is measured in km h. Every driver has its own parameter that corresponds to his aggresiveness. This parameter impacts on maximal velocity of a car (on an empty road) - greater value of the parameter - greater default velocity of a car. 19

20 The parameter is chosen randomly from distribution N(0, 1) (and is constant to the end of the simulation) in the moment of creating object driver and is used to compute default maximal velocity of a driver. Suppose that driver has aggresiveness p (chosen randomly from N(0, 1)) and is located on a road of type t. For this type of road we have default average velocity avg and deviation dev. Then the maximal velocity of the driver is computed as follows: v = avg + p dev Of course, this value has some reasonable upper and lower limits. This maximal velocity is not neccesary velocity of a car (because there are many other factors that have impact on the velocity), but is a velocity that the driver tends to. 6.2 Simulation Parameters Choosing Edit->Simulation parameters from menu opens a window that enables editing simulation parameters (picture 19). This settings should be confirmed later during start of the simulation. Semantics of those parameters is described in details in the chapter 3.1. Rysunek 19: Simulation Parameters Window 6.3 Edit signals Choosing Edit->Signals from menu enables editing current configuration of traffic signals and opens a window (picture 20) which enables reading (Read) and saving current configuration to external file (Save). 20

21 Rysunek 20: Edit Signals Window Rysunek 21: The main window of the application with marked state of traffic signals Traffic signals are located at some crossroads (in nodes of road network). Crossroads usually contains many traffic signals. Position of a traffic signal is determined by a pair of nodes: (crossroad; node from which we enter the crossroad) - directed edge of a graph. Traffic signal on the map is visible as half of the edge that leads to the signal. Color of that edge (green or red) corresponds with current state of signalization. Picture 22 presents exemplary situation on the crossroad. Traffic signals can be edited by clicking on the map. The user is able to: Add a new traffic signal Remove existing traffic signal Modify existing traffic signal In each moment it is possible to save those signals using window Edit signals Adding traffic signals To add a new traffic signal on a map the user has to click left mouse button on selected crossroad, on which there is no signals yet. The program finds nearest crossroad and 21

22 Rysunek 22: Exemplary signalization on crossroads of streets Koszykowa and Chałubińskiego distinguish it on a map with incident streets which are marked blue as on the picture 23. Rysunek 23: Adding traffic signal at crossroad of streets Karowa i Krakowskie Przedmieście At exemplary part of map appears 3 possible locations for traffic signals at the crossroad of streets Krakowskie Przedmieście and Karowa. It means that program is in the mode of edition traffic signals and takes into account only those 3 positions (only those positions are active. The user can choose signal by pressing the left mouse button (the program finds the nearest position from active positions). The user can remove signal by pressing right mouse button (the program finds the nearest position). For example, picture 24 illustrates situation after clicking at the end of the edge which represents entry to the crossroad from south. Currently we have only 2 traffic signals to edit left: traffic signal at the entry from Karowa street and Krakowskie Przedmieście street. Pressing left mouse button opens a window for edition of traffic signal (picture 25). In that window the user can define 4 parameters for edited traffic signal: Red : Length of a red light (in seconds) Green: Length of a green light (in seconds) 22

23 Rysunek 24: Configuration of traffic signals at crossroads of streets Karowa and Krakowskie Przedmieście Rysunek 25: Window for edition of traffic signals Initial: Time for switching lights Green: Parameter which indicates color of the light at the beginning of the simulation Default values of those parameters are presented in the picture 25. At the beginning given traffic signal will be in the green phase for 10 seconds. Next, it will change its state to red phase and will be in that phase for 62 seconds, next it will change its state to green phase and will remain in that phase for 58 seconds. Total length of the cycle is 120 seconds. Picture 26 presents situation on the crossroad after confirming those values (pressing button Ok). Now, we have only 1 crossroad entry left. Pressing left mouse button opens window in which the user can uncheck option Green. As a result signalization will be at the beginning in the state of red light, as in the picture: And now we have just finished adding the crossroad to the current configuration Removing traffic signals Clicking right mouse button on the crossroad will remove all traffic signals from that crossroad. 23

24 Rysunek 26: Situation on the crossroad after partial configuration of the signal Rysunek 27: Situation on the crossroad after full configuration of traffic lights Modifying existing signals To edit existing traffic signal the user has to click left mouse button at the end of edge that represents that signal. It will open window in which the user can edit parameters of that signal in the same way as during adding traffic signal. 6.4 Monitored links Choosing Edit->Monitored links from menu bar will open window Monitored links with names of current monitored links (edges of a graph). It is illustrated in the picture 28. It is possible to read another set of monitored links from file by pressing button Read. It is also possible to save to file current set of monitored links by pressing Save. Marking chosen edges will cause that they appear on the map (picture 29). 24

25 Rysunek 28: Window for edition of monitored links Removing monitored links Edges can be removed from the set of monitored links in the window Monitored Links by pressing the button Remove Adding monitored links After opening window Monitored Links, nodes of the road network will be displayed on the map as small green points. Adding new directed edge to set of monitored links happens in few steps: 1. Click on the node which will be an end of the edge. It will be coloured black and its neighbours will be coloured brown as in the picture Click on one of neighbours of the given node. It will open window Add link which enables to add new edge (picture 31). 3. Add name to the new edge and click button Ok. New edge will be added to the set of monitored edges. 6.5 Monitored regions Selecting Edit->Monitored regions from the menu bar will open a window Monitored regions (picture 32). The window contains names of regions of the map which are currently selected as monitored regions. It is possible to remove existing regions and add new regions. At the beginning it will be of course regions read from file regions.txt. All edges of graph included in monitored regions are also in monitored links Removing monitored regions To remove selected regions from the set of monitored regions it is enough to mark them in the window Monitored Regions and press button Remove. 25

26 Rysunek 29: Monitored links Adding monitored regions To add a new region to the set of monitored regions it is enough to mark a rectangle on the map. Window addregion will appear to let the user set the name of the region 33. In each moment of edition of regions the user can save current state of base of monitored regions to file using button Save in the window Monitored Regions. 6.6 Edit Start Points Distribution (Destination Points Distribution) Choosing Edit->Start points distribution (or Destination points distribution) from menu bar the user has opportunity to edit distributions of starting/destination points of the simulation. The window Start (Destination) points distribution will appear (picture 34), where the user can read (by pressing button Read) or save (by pressing button Save) distributions. The map is divided into = 1600 squares and user can choose parameter Rank and click on the chosen square to set a proper value of Rank to this square. Map is divided into 1600 (40 40) squares. Every square has set value of parameter rank from 0 to 4. This value corresponds with probability of a starting (or destination) point from region limited by this square. For example value 0 means that we will not draw from this region and if region A has rank 1 and region B rank 3, then probability that points will be drawn from B is 3 times greater than for region A. Color of region corresponds with value of parameter rank for this region. This value can be set in the panel Grade Scale and the color of the region can be changed with changing the value of the parameter rank. Edition of values of parameter rank for regions can be done be clicking in a chosen region of marking rectangle on the map. 26

27 Rysunek 30: Marking new monitored link on the map Rysunek 31: Adding new link In that case, every region which is at least partially covered by a retangle will get the value rank which corresponds with currently set value rank in the panel Grade scale. Points in every region has the same probability of being drawn. Of course it is possible to read from file and save to file another distribution of start/destination points. 27

28 Rysunek 32: Adding new monitored region 7 Menu View Rysunek 33: Adding new region In the menu View the user choose information displayed on the map (option Attributes) and visible panels (option Panels). In case of the option Attributes a user can choose exactly the same information as in the panel Display. In case of the option Panels the user can choose which panels should be hide/visible. It is possible to choose panels Display, Search, Statistics, Velocity Range, Grade scale. The same activities (showing/hiding panels) can be realized by clicking proper buttons (with the same name) at the top of the map. 28

29 8 Menu Run Rysunek 34: Exemplary distribution of starting points Menu Run possess options: Start/Pause simulation, Stop simulation and Generate routes. The first 2 options have the same functionality as buttons Start/Pause and Stop in the tool bar of the application. 8.1 Generate routes Choosing Run->Generate routes from the menu bar will open a window Generate routes (picture 35). In that window the user can choose number of routes to be generated. This routes can be used in the current simulation and saved to external file. Default routes can be found in file routes.txt in directory Traffic. Rysunek 35: Window for generating new routes 29

30 9 Menu Help Using menu Help the user can open this documentation. 30

31 10 Format of data The simulator can write out data related with simulation to 5 different files: structure.csv cars.csv averagevelocity.csv jams.csv congestion.csv 10.1 File structure.csv The file structure.csv contains structure of the road network and is independent on the simulation. The file is divided into 3 sections: Nodes Links Signals The section Nodes contains rows in the format: Node_id, Latitude, Longitude, where Node_id is the identificator of the node in the graph, Latitude and Longitude are coordinates of that node. The section Links contains rows in the format: Node1_id Node2_id Distance(km) Nr_of_cells Nr_of_lanes Avg_max_velocity, where Node1_id is identification of the beginning of the node, Node2_id is identification of the end of the node, Distance(km) is the length of the edge, Nr_of_cells is number of cells on a single lane, Nr_of_lanes is a number of lanes on that link, Avg_max_velocity is the maximal velocity on that link. The section Signals contains rows in the format: Node1_id Node2_id Initial_green(bool) Green_duration(sec) Red_duration(sec) Change(sec), where Node1_id is identifier of the beginning of the edge, Node2_id is identifier of the end of the edge, Initial_green indicates color of the signal at the beginning of simulation, Green_duration indicates duration (in seconds) of the green phase of the signal, Red_duration indicates duration (in seconds) of the red phase of the signal, Change indicates time (in seconds) to changing the phase. 31

32 10.2 File cars.csv Rows in the file cars.csv corresponds with indications of GPS devices installed in some cars. We assume that those devices send information about their location to the central server. Rows in the file have the format: Time ID_car Node1_ID Node2_ID Distance Velocity Latitude Longitude, where Time is a number of seconds from beginning of the simulation, ID_car is an identifier of a car, Node1_id is an identifier of beginning of the edge, Node2_id is an identifier of the end of the edge, Distance is a length of the edge, Velocity is a velocity of a car, Latitude and longitude are coordinates of a car File congestion.csv Rows in the file congestion.csv corresponds with congestion on a given edge and have the format: Time Node_1 Node_2 Nr_of_cars, where Time is number of minutes from beginning of the simulation, Node_1, Node_2 - identifiers of beginning and end of the edge, Nr_of_cars - number of cars that passed the edge in the given time period File jams.csv Rows in the file jams.csv are sequences of the format: Time Node1_Node2, where Time is time (in seconds) from beginning of the simulation, Node1, Node2 are identifiers of ends of the edge File averagevelocity.csv Rows in the file averagevelocity.csv have the format Time Name Node1_ID Node2_ID Velocity NrOfCars, where: Time - time (in seconds) from beginning of simulation Name - name of the edge (in format Node2_ID_Node1_ID) Node1_ID - identifier of beginning of the edge Node2_ID - identifier of the end of the edge Velocity - average velocity on the edge in the given time period NrOfCars - nr of cars that passed the edge in the given time period 32

33 11 Use cases During start of the application program reads all default data required to using the program, i.e. routes. Simulation can be started by pressing the button Play from the tool bar (3.1). It will open the window Simulation Parameters in which the user can confirm simulation parameters, i.e. number of cars that take part in the simulation, duration of a single step etc. Pressing the button OK starts new simulation with that parameters. All details are described in the chapter Example Suppose we want to run simulation, where at the beginning we have cars on the map, in every step 10 new cars start simulation, single step lasts 1 second (1000 miliseconds), simulation should finish after steps, map should be refreshed every 1 second. In addition, every car reduces its speed by 50% of nominal velocity during turning on the crossroad and by 25% during crossing the crossroad. The picture below shows how should be filled fields of the window Simulation Parameters. The user can also choose type of data that will be written out during simulation. Rysunek 36: Exemplary configuration of parameters 11.2 Edition of simulation parameters Before start of the simulation we can modify some options of the map and displaying data. The table below summarize the most important parameters which can be edited before start of the simulation and gives chapter of the current document which describes this edition. 33

34 Option Chapter Edition of configuration of signals 6.3 Edition of monitored links 6.4 Edition of monitored regions 6.5 Generating new routes 8.1 Edition of default velocities for drivers 6.1 Edition of distribution of start and destination points 6.6 Reading edited data 5 Edition of information on the map 4.1 Literatura Tablica 1: The most important edition parameters [NET] [NS] Nagel K., Schreckenberg M., A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic, Journal de Physique, [SCH] Schadschneider A., The Nagel-Schreckenberg model revisited, The European Physical Journal B, Volume 10, Issue 3, pp (1999). [CS] Chowdhurry D., Schadschneider A., Self-organization of traffic jams in cities: effects of stochastic dynamics and signal periods, Physical Review E (Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics), Volume 59, Issue 2, February 1999 [GUS] Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Rocznik statystyczny Polski 2008, [SHA] Schadschneider A., Statistical physics of traffic flow, Physica A285, 101 (2000) [ZDM] Zarząd Dróg Miejskich w Warszawie, 34