Satellite Applications for Disaster Risk Reduction. 15 February 2012 Shinichi Mizumoto Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

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1 Satellite Applications for Disaster Risk Reduction 15 February 2012 Shinichi Mizumoto Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

2 Contents 1. An Overview of JAXA 2. Major Earth Observation Programs of JAXA 3. Satellite Utilization in the Great East Japan Earthquake in Regional Framework to Support Disaster Management - Sentinel Asia 2

3 Project Overview: 2 nd Mid-Term Plan (Apr. 08 Mar. 13) Contributions toward a Secure and Prosperous Society Earth Observation Satellites Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) DAICHI Global Change Observation Mission- Water(GCOM-W) SHIZUKU Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) IBUKI International Space Station(ISS) Expansion of Human Frontiers Communication &Navigation Satellites Wideband Internetworking Engineering Test & Demonstration Satellite (WINDS) KIZUNA Space Science 1st Quasi- Zenith Satellite MICHIBIKI Space Exploration H-transfer Vehicle (HTV) ISS/Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Kibo Solar Physics Satellite HINODE Development of Advanced Technologies SELenological and Asteroid Explorer Engineering Explorer HAYABUSA (SELENE) KAGUYA Space Transportation Aeronautics H-IIB Rocket Epsilon Rocket Research on Domestically made Passenger Aircraft Technology Research on Environmentally Friendly Clean Engine Technology 3 3

4 JAXA Organizational Structure Dr. Keiji Tachikawa President Vice-President Mr. Kiyoshi Higuchi Budget (FY2011) : Billion Yen Personnel : 1,550 Policy Coordination Admin. Management Technical Management Space Transportation Mission Directorate Space Applications Mission Directorate Human Space System & Utilization Mission Directorate Aerospace Research & Development Directorate Aviation Program Group Institute of Space & Astronautical Science Lunar & Planetary Exploration Program Group Tsukuba Chofu Sagamihara 4

5 Major Areas of JAXA s Earth Observation Program JAXA focuses on 4 areas out of 9 Societal Benefit Areas of GEOSS Implementation Plan. 1Disasters 2 Health 3 Energy 4Climate 5Water Disaster prevention and mitigation, monitoring floods, earthquakes, crustal deformation, forests, biomass, agriculture etc. ALOS series Greenhouse gases and carbon flux - GOSAT Climate change and water cycle precipitation, clouds, aerosols, SST, snow, ice, etc. - TRMM, AMSR-E, GCOM-W1, C1 6 Weather 7 Ecosystems 8 Agriculture 9 Biodiversity 5

6 ALOS Series ALOS Jan May 2011 PALSAR Weight : 4 t PRISM AVNIR-2 Weight : 2t ALOS-2 (SAR satellite) Launch in 2013 Weight : 2t ALOS-3 (Optical satellite) Launch in 2015(TBD) 6

7 Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) GOSAT enables global (with 56,000 points) and frequent (at every 3 days) monitoring CO2 and CH4 column density. (Launched in Jan 2009) TANSO-CAI (Cloud and Aerosol Imager) TANSO-FTS (Fourier Transform Spectrometer) Current Ground-based Observation Points (320pts) Provided by WMO WDCGG Increase of Observation Points using GOSAT (56,000pts) 7

8 Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) Main Mission Establish and demonstrate the global and long-term Earth observing system (contribute to GEOSS) Contribute to improvement of climate change prediction in concert with climate model research institutions Orbit GCOM-W Type : Sun-synchronous orbit Altitude : km (A-Train) Inclination : 98.2 degrees Local sun time : 13:30±15min GCOM-C Type : Sun-synchronous orbit Altitude : 798 km Inclination : 98.6 degrees Local sun time : 10:30±15min Satellite overview GCOM-W1 EMC Test Mission life Launch vehicle Instrument 5 years H2A launch vehicle AMSR 2 (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2) SGLI (Second Generation Global Imager) Launch JFY 2011 (GCOM-W1) JFY 2014 (GCOM-C1) GCOM-W1 in A-Train GCOM-W1 participates to A-Train, afternoon orbit constellation led by NASA. 8

9 Global Rainfall Map (GSMaP) Typhoon MORAKOT (09W): Aug. 5 10, 2009 (Big impact in Chinese Taipei) Global rainfall map merging TRMM, AMSR-E and other satellite information Available 4-hour after observation, hourly update 0.1-degree latitude/longitude grid 9 9

10 ALOS Imagery on 14 March 2011 Minami Sanriku Town Observed by AVNIR-2 on March 14 March 14 Feb 27 Water-covered area by Tsunami from Soma to Tagajo Collapse of Rokko-Ohashi bridge 10

11 THEOS Imagery (Right) and ALOS Pre-disaster Imagery (Left) 11

12 Detecting Crustal Deformation Huge crustal deformations were detected by differential InSAR. In the result we could found not only the deformation caused by main quake on 11 th Mar. but also the deformation caused by aftershocks. About 4 m ground surface shift around Oshika Peninsula. Epicenter on 11 th Apr. Epicenter on 11 th Mar. About 2-3 m ground surface shift caused by aftershock on 11 th April. 12

13 Satellite Communication via WINDS WINDS ( Kizuna ) TV conference among Morioka, Kamaishi & Ofunato City Information gathering through Internet by evacuees 13

14 Framework of Sentinel Asia Space Community APRSAF* Disaster Management Community Data Provision Promotion of Utilization Capacity Building * Asian-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum Sentinel Asia Joint Project Team (JPT) Join Project Team consists of total 78 organizations including 67 organizations of 24 countries/region and 11 international organizations as of December 2011 JAXA is the secretariat of JPT. ADRC** 29 Member Countries Utilization (User) ** Asian Disaster Reduction Center International Community UN / ESCAP UN / OOSA ASEAN AIT etc. 14 International Cooperation JPT meeting in Putrajaya, Malaysia in July 2011

15 Major Activities of Sentinel Asia Emergency Observation accept emergency observation request from JPT and ADRC members Working Groups Activities Wildfire, Flood, Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) and Tsunami WGs Capacity Building and Human Networking for the promotion of utilization 15

16 Sentinel Asia Constellation Contributing to Emergency Observations ISRO IRS GISTDA THEOS LISS-4: 5.8m Pan LISS-3: 23.5m Multi AWiFS: 56m Multi NARL Sentinel Asia Constellation PAN: 2m Multi: 15m JAXA ALOS PRISM: 2.5m Pan AVNIR-1: 10m Multi PALSAR: m L-Band KARI KOMPSAT-1 PAN: 2m MS: 8m FORMOSAT-2 EOC: 6.6m OSMI: 1km 16

17 Flow of Emergency Observation Disaster Occurrence Requesting Organization (RO) ADRC Members JPT Members Emergency Observation Request Emergency Observation Request ADRC Feedback Disaster Information IDC Analyzed Products Emergency Observation Request Data Provider Node (DPN) JAXA ISRO GISTDA KARI NARL Support JAXA Asia Branch (Bangkok) Support Disaster Management Agencies in Asia Sentinel Asia Step 2 System AIT, ADRC CRISP, CAIAG Data Analysis Node (DAN) LAPAN, SD/Sri Lanka MONRE, ICIMOD Sri Lanka MoDM, CEA NCRST, BPPT, MO, etc. Own Data 17

18 18 Flood in Thailand in 2011 Observed by IRS on 23 October Uttaradit Province North Province Northeast Province

19 Flood in Pakistan in

20 Inundation Map of the Flood in Pakistan Created by ICIMOD 20

21 Activities of Working Groups Wildfire WG -To contribute to the Asia-Pacific region with wildfire management -To contribution to REDD-plus -JST-JICA(*) project for wildfire and carbon management in a peatland in Kalimantan, Indonesia (*)JST: Japan Science and Technology Agency JICA: Japan International Cooperation Agency Flood WG -To contribute to the mitigation of flood disasters in Asia -Flood analysis using IFAS GLOF WG (Glacial Lake Outburst Flood) -Monitor and establish early warning system in the risk areas -Local awareness and knowledge transfer through capacity building Tsunami WG -Tsunami early warning system 21

22 Capacity Building and Human Networking The 7th Sentinel Asia System Operation Training by JAXA, hosted by ICIMOD in February- March 2011 The 6th Sentinel Asia System Operation Training by JAXA, hosted by GISTDA in July

23 Sentinel Asia Success Stories in the Philippines Creating Hazard Maps using ALOS Data LAHAR - Mt. Mayon (PHIVOLCS) Flood - Antique Province (MGB) Flood - Iloilo City (PAGASA) PCASTRD DOST OCD NDCC PHIVOLCS NAMRIA MGB PAGASA 23

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