GROCERY PRICE SHARING AND COMPARISON APPLICATION (SMART GROCERY) NUR NUSRAH BINTI OTHMAN

Transcription

1 GROCERY PRICE SHARING AND COMPARISON APPLICATION (SMART GROCERY) NUR NUSRAH BINTI OTHMAN BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE (INTERNET COMPUTING) UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN 2017

2 GROCERY PRICE SHARING AND COMPARISON APPLICATION (SMART GROCERY) NUR NUSRAH BINTI OTHMAN Bachelor of Computer Science (Internet Computing) Faculty of Informatics and Computing Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia MAY 2017

3 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations and citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin or other institutions. Name :... Date :... i

4 CONFIRMATION This is to confirm that: The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my supervison. Name :... Date :... ii

5 ABSTRACT Groceries is a various household supply. Usually, people will go to a supermarket or nearby grocery store to buying grocery. Nowadays, grocery items price was increasing. So, people need to be smart in compare price in the different store to get the best price and greatest saving. Grocery Price Sharing and Comparison Mobile Application (Smart Grocery) is an application that enable a user to share grocery price in the grocery store. So, other users can discover all nearby grocery store that is convenient to them. This application will help the user to determine grocery price more economical by comparing the price. This application also enable a user to choose lower grocery prices. This project will be built as a mobile based development and will be developed using Android Studio. iii

6 ABSTRAK Barangan runcit merupakan barangan keperluan dirumah. Biasanya, pengguna akan ke pasaraya-pasaraya atau kedai runcit yang berdekatan untuk membeli barangan runcit. Saban hari, kita disajikan di dada akhbar berkenaaan dengan harga barangan runcit yang semakin naik. Pengguna-pengguna di Malaysia sangat sensitif terhadap harga barangan ini. Mereka inginkan simpanan yang terbaik apabila membeli barangan runcit tetapi tidak tahu tempat untuk membeli. Pengguna perlulah bijak membandingkan harga barangan di pasaraya-pasaraya. Smart Grocery adalah satu aplikasi di mana pengguna boleh berkongsi harga barangan runcit di setiap lokasi yang mereka kunjungi. Ini memudahkan pengguna yang lain untuk mencari dan membandingkan harga barangan runcit yang dikongsi. Seterusnya, mereka boleh memilih harga barangan runcit yang lebih murah di pasaraya yang terpilih. Projek ini akan dibangunkan sebagai aplikasi mobil yang menggunakan perisian Android Studio. iv

7 CONTENTS DECLARATION CONFIRMATION ABSTRACT ABSTRAK CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES PAGE i ii iii iv v vii viii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Problem statement Objectives Scopes Limitation of Works 1.6 Expected Result CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction Review of Research Paper Review of Existing Application Operational Definition Summary 8 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction Project Development Methodology Planning Analysis Design Implementation and Testing Maintenance 11 v

8 3.3 Gantt Chart Requirement Analysis Software Requirement Hardware Requirement System Design Framework Design Process Model Data Model Database Design Interface Design Algorithms Summary 36 REFERENCES 37 vi

9 LIST OF TABLES TABLE TITLE PAGE 2.1 Comparison between three existing application Example of feedback Result of items 35 vii

10 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE PAGE 2.1 Bayesian Average Formula Waterfall Model Gantt Chart Framework Design Flowchart of Login Flowchart of Register Flowchart of Manage Item Flowchart of Search Item Flowchart of Manage Feedback Context Diagram Data Flow Diagram Level DFD Level 1 : Manage Account DFD Level 1: Manage Grocery DFD Level 1: Search item DFD Level 1: Manage feedback Entity Relationship Diagram User table Share table Items table Item Category table Store table Location table Store Container table Feedback table Login UI Register UI Home UI Search Result UI Item Category UI Item Information UI Add Item UI Add Store UI My Account UI Update Profile UI My Share Item UI Update Item UI Update Stote UI Delete Item UI Bayesian Average Generate Result 36 viii

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14 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Half of smartphone owners using a smartphone while shopping. According to How smartphone are Changing the Retail Shopping Experience, 66% of compare price of the product is the top reason for using a smartphone while shopping besides 58% of find the nearest store location.(brant Cruz,Jeff Mckenna, 2011). There are few mobile application are used for comparing price. This application will discussed in Chapter 2. Shopping for grocery can be stressful but it is the one thing most everyone will need to do. Malaysian consumers are very sensitive about price when purchasing any item. According to Important Determinant of Consumers Retail Selection Decision in Malaysia, in Malaysia market, there are many types of grocery retailer such as foreign hypermarket, local hypermarket, and traditional grocery outlet.(che Aniza Che Wel,Siti Rahayu Hussin,Nor Asiah Omar, Sallehuddin Mohd Nor,2012) Consumers have more choice in choosing the place where they can do a purchase for grocery item. Grocery Price Sharing and Comparison Application is a project based Android OS application which enable the user to share the grocery item price. A user can be the informer and also informed. As an informer, they can manage a grocery information such as price, category, item brand, description, discount, store name and store location. The informed can search grocery item and compare it with another similar item in the different store. The aim of this project is to easier the user to share grocery items and also the user can make a comparison for grocery item in the different grocery store. 1

15 1.2 Problem Statement Nowadays, the consumer needs to be smart when purchasing for grocery items. Statistic showed that grocery price varies in the different grocery store. The brands and weight for items are the same, but their price differences. Therefore, a consumer needs to make a comparison to get the best price and the best deals. There also a problem when a consumer wants to find the lowest price in every grocery store, a consumer need to spend their time and energy to find and compare the cheapest grocery items. Besides, a consumer does not know where store they should purchase to have the greatest saving. The solution for this problem is to develop a mobile application that able to track the cheapest price of grocery. 1.3 Objectives The objectives of development this mobile application are:- 1. To propose a mobile application that help users to search and find the cheapest grocery goods. 2. To develop and implement a mobile application that easy users to compare price and discover grocery store that most convenient. 3. To test and evaluate the effectiveness and how the application function from a user perspective. 2

16 1.4 Scopes The scope of this application is divided into two: User Scope Informer i) Manage grocery details Informed i) Search grocery details ii) Compare grocery price iii) View grocery information. iv) Manage feedback System scope I. Registration system The users must register to create new account. After register, user can log in to enter this application II. Searching and comparing grocery The user can search grocery information by entering keyword. The result showed and the user can compare price with other similar item. III. Manage grocery The user can share grocery details such as price, category, and brand. The user also needs to provide store information such as store name and location. Besides, the user also can update item. For example, if the price of item changes, the user can update it by modifying the price of the item. IV. Feedback This application allows the user to give a rating to each grocery goods. 3

17 1.5 Limitation Of Works 1. This mobile application does not provide a function for online purchasing. This application only provides modules for user sharing. The user also can search and view items. 2. This mobile application was proposed is only limit to sharing and compare groceries price only. 1.6 Expected Result 1. This application will develop using android platform. This application will be develop using Android Studio. 2. This application will help a consumers to search and find the cheapest groceries. 4

18 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction This chapter discusses on a literature review for the Grocery Price Sharing and Comparison Application (Smart Grocery) and Bayesian Average Algorithm. A literature review is a list of separate reviews of articles and books (Miss Harvey, 2010). There are few research have been reviewed to get some overview about existing application, and related technique involved. Bayesian Average is used to calculate feedback from users and then will generate a result from feedback. 2.2 Review of Existed Research Papers There are few research papers that related to added value in this application. One of them is Bayesian Personalized Ranking from Implicit Feedback by Steffen Rendle, Christoph Freudenthaler, Zeno Gantner and Lars Schmidt-Thieme from University of Hildesheim, Germany. This research focuses on item recommendation and predicting a personalized ranking on a set of items such as products, movies, and websites. The recommendation is important in information systems. Such as in online shopping websites like Amazon, if the user might be interested in any product, Amazon will provide each personalized customer recommendations of products. This research present Bayesian Personalized Ranking for the item prediction task of personalized ranking to provide a ranked list of items to users. 5

19 Another research paper is Ranking Products by Bayesian Estimates by Jonathan Bhaskar and Pratik Goswami. This research paper focusing on the problem of user rating on Web applications such as product review on Amazon, or the hotel ranking on Trip Advisor. Stated in this paper, the rating is divided into two types: popularity and rating. Popularity is the ranking based on the number of reviews and the number of times the particular product is visited. This ranking common to see a very low rated product with a lot of ratings that ranked higher than a product. For example Popularity on Amazon. Another type of ranking is rating. Rating is based on average rating of the products. The main purpose of this research paper is to compare some of the ways to combine both types into one single ranking. There are two challenges in doing this. Firstly, there is no easy way to do this. So, the most popular way is using Bayesian Average which requires an understanding of Bayesian probability. Moreover, the quality of the product is very subjective, hence, a hard task to do is guessing what type of ranking system works best. 2.3 Review of Existed Mobile Application There are three existing application will be reviewed in this chapter. These applications are Smart Shopper Malaysia, My Smart Price and Shop Savvy. Smart Shopper is an application that display product from different retailers like AEON, Giant, Econsave, Tesco and so on. My Smart Price is an application from India. This application compares price in 100s shopping sites including Amazon, Snapdeal, Myntra, Jabong, ebay and many more. This application is categorized as price comparing software. Shop Savvy is a mobile application that use a barcode scanner to scan products. This application also can compare price, find an online and local store that providing those product, and watch for price drops. Smart Shopper MySmartPrice ShopSavvy Registration / / x Sharing Product x x x Rating Feature x / / Search Feature / / / Table 2.1 : Comparison between three existing application 6

20 2.4 Operational Definition The explanation of the term for this application as below: Mobile Application This application is developed as a mobile application. Nowadays, a mobile application or apps is the most popular usage and becoming very popular. A mobile application can define as a type of application software run on mobile devices such as a smartphone or tablet computer. A definition of smartphone is a mobile phone with an operating system like ios, Android, Windows Phone, Palm or Blackberry that offer internet connection and allow the user to install an application. (David G. Taylor Michael Levin, 2014). One of the advantages using a mobile application is the highly accessible. It make this Smart Grocery apps can be accessed from anywhere by anytime Bayesian Average Algorithm In this application. the Bayesian Average is used to calculate the feedback of items. The Bayesian Average Algorithm is usually used in most rating system to determine a ranking of products. For example, it is applied by Amazon, Youtube, and itunes. The algorithm is a calculation of an object ranking based on the credibility of the ratings it receives. According to Bayesian Average Rating, Bayesian Average Rating is an excellent way to sort items with up-votes and down-votes.(evan Miller,2012)). Figure 2.1 shows the formula of Bayesian Average. 7

21 Figure 2.1: Bayesian Average Formula 2.5 Summary This chapter discusses the review of research papers. The research papers had been compared to complete this chapter. In this chapter, studies is made on the algorithm used in developing this application. Aside from algorithm, studies on the mobile application also been carried out to know more. 8

22 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction There are many system development methodologies and vary regarding progression that is followed by the phase of the SDLC. To implement the SDLC, a methodology is a formalized approach to do. Waterfall Development is the model choose to develop this mobile application. SDLC Model is a framework that described the activities performed at each stage at software development project. 3.2 Project Development Methodology The methodology that used in developing this application is Waterfall Model. The Waterfall Model is the first SDLC approach that was used for software development. Any phase in the development process will begin if the previous phase is complete. Once the work produced in one phase is approved, the phase ends and the next phase begins. Advantages of Waterfall Model is identifying requirements long before programming begin. Another advantage of Waterfall is limiting changes to the requirements as the project proceeds. Furthermore, Waterfall Model is easy to use and easy to understand. 9

23 Figure 3.1: Waterfall Model Planning phase Based on this model, the first thing to be planned is brainstorming the idea and discuss about title of the project with supervisor. While proposing the title of the project, an abstract about the proposed project also being attached together. In this phase, Gantt chart is also constructed to carry out all plan activities accordingly as scheduled Analysis Phase In this phase, all requirement of the application is being collected. Problem statement, objective and scope of the project are defined. Through observation, all the detailed information is being collected. During this phase, to know well about the 10

24 added value for this application, the literature review about current research paper also made Design Phase After identifying the requirements of the project, the design for the application, database and interface based on requirement analysis. The design phase pictures an overall view of the application. There are a few diagram that are necessary in design such as Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram, Entity Relationship Diagram and also User Interface. The design of the database is needed to avoid data redundancy Implementation and Testing This phase is also known as development, construction or coding. After the design is fully completed, start to create a coding for the database and interface design. In this phase, an application will develop using Android Studio, MySQL, and XamppServer. After implementation is complete, an application is tested. Any faults and errors will find here. It will perform all the testing activities to make sure if it work as expected and an application meets the requirements Maintenance System maintenance is a final phase in Waterfall Model. In this phase, it will make sure that the application is up and running in the respective environment. 11

25 3.3 Gantt Chart Figure 3.2 Gantt Chart 12

26 3.4 Requirement Analysis Software Requirement Software have been selected to be used for this project are: Android Studio Xampp Microsoft Office Google Chrome Hardware Requirement Hardware requirement for this project are: Laptop Printer Android Phone Hard disk 13

27 3.5 System Design Framework Design The framework for this apps is generally being defined as below: Figure 3.3 Framework Design Process Model Login Figure 3.4 Flowchart of login 14

28 Register Figure 3.5 Flowchart of Register Manage item Figure 3.6 Flowchart of Manage item 15

29 Search item Figure 3.7 Flowchart of Search item Manage Feedback Figure 3.8 Flowchart of Manage Feedback 16

30 3.5.3 Data Model Context Diagram Context Diagram shows the overall business process in just one process and shows the data flows to and from external entities. There have one external entity which is the user. The user required to register and login into this application before they can access the application. User is able to manage grocery details. User also can search, view the grocery details and also give feedback for grocery item. Figure 3.9: Context Diagram Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) start with the information in the requirements definition. There are four symbols are used on DFD Level 0 (processes, data flows, data stores and external entities). 17

31 Figure 3.10 DFD Level 0 This level defines the process that can be done by the user. There have four processes in DFD Level 0. User can manage account. User details will be stored in user data store. User then can manage item. The grocery details then be saved to item data store. User is also enables to search item. User will request searching of item and system then will process the searched data and display requested item. The last process that can be done by user is manage feedback. 18

32 DFD Level 1 (Manage Account) Figure 3.11 DFD Level 1 : Manage Account This level defines the process of manage user account. User must first register before login. The login process is by inputting and password. The and password then be matching from User data store. User is also enables to manage the profile details. User can update user profile. The new update data will be stored in User data store. 19

33 DFD Level 1 (Manage Grocery) Figure 3.12 DFD Level 1: Manage Grocery This level defined the processes involved in manage grocery process. A user can add the item and new grocery details will be stored in Item data store. Besides, user also can add store details. Store details will be stored in Store data store. User is also enables to update and delete grocery details. 20

34 DFD Level 1 (Search item) Figure 3.13 DFD Level 1: Search item This level defined the processes involved in Search item process. User needs to input the keyword for search request. The system will then process the grocery details and will be display item details to the user. 21

35 DFD Level 1 (Manage Feedback) Figure 3.14 DFD Level 1: Manage feedback This level defined the processes involved in Manage Feedback process. User will be select the item for rate. User then will give feedback for selected item. The system will then calculate the feedback to generate the status feedback. The feedback status then will be stored in Feedback data store. 22

36 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) ERD is the common technique for drawing a data model to representing the data that are used and created. Below is an ERD for this application. It show that the ERD has six entities, which are user, share, item, store, store container and feedback. Figure 3.15 Entity Relationship Diagram 23

37 3.5.4 Database Design Table 1: user User table is store details about user details. It have four attributes (primary key), name, phone and password. Figure 3.16 User table Table 2: share Share table is to stored details about share item made by user. It have four attributes shareid, (foreign key from user table), itemid (foreign key from item table) and date. Figure 3.17 share table 24

38 Table 3: Items Items table is to store details about list of items shared by user. It have four attributes: itemid (primary key), brand, description and categoryid. Figure 3.18 items table Table 4: Item category Item category is to store details about category of item. It have two attributes : categoryid(primary key) and itemtype. Figure 3.19 item category table Table 5: store Store table is to store details about store. It have three attributes storeid (primary key) and name. 25

39 Figure 3.20 store table Table 6: location Location table is to store details about store location. It have three attributes locationid(primary key),storeid and location. Figure 3.21 location table Table 7: store container Store container table is to store details about item and store. It have five attributes: storecontainerid (primary key), itemid (foreign key from table item, storeid (foreign key from table store), price, discount, startdate and enddate. 26

40 Figure 3.22 store container table Table 8: feedback Feedback table is to store details about feedback that made by user. It have five attributes feedbackid (primary key), (foreign key from table user), itemid (foreign key from table item), value and status. Figure 3.23 feedback table 27

41 3.5.5 Interface Design Login UI The first thing to do before user using this application is login activity. User need to enter and password in order to login. Then user can press on to login button. Figure 3.24 Login UI Register UI User does not have an account need to register here. User needs to enter name, , phone number, password and password confirmation. Figure 3.25 Register UI 28

42 Home UI Home page is the first interface after user login. The category item list will display in home UI. By pressing on any category item in the list, users are able to see list of items. In search bar, user can type keyword to search item. Then, it will display the result in another UI. Figure 3.26 Home UI Search Result UI User can search item by typing the keyword. Then, the search result will displayed in this page. Figure 3.27 Search Result UI 29

43 Item category UI This interface will display all the items from the same category. For example beverage category. User can press on the item to display all information about the item. Figure 3.28 Item Category UI Item information UI This interface will display the information for selected item. Figure 3.29 Item Information UI 30

44 Add item UI This interface allow user to add item details. User need to upload image of item. Users also need to input item name, description, price and select category of items. In discount input field, user can enter discount if items have an offer. Figure 3.30 Add Item UI Add store Users need to input store store name and store location. Figure 2.31 Add Store UI 31

45 My account UI This interface shows update profile button, my share items button and logout button. Users can press on each button. Figure 3.32 My Account UI Update profile UI This interface allow user to update user details. For instance, user want to change user name, so user can do it here. Figure 3.33 Update Profile UI 32

46 My Share Item UI This interface display list of user share item. It allow user to edit or delete the item. Figure 3.34 My Share Item UI Update item UI This interface allow users to change their share item. For instance, user want to change item price. Figure 3.35 Update Item UI 33

47 Update store UI This interface allow user change item store. Figure 3.36 Update Store UI Delete item UI This interface allow user to delete item. User can press delete button, system will confirm with user whether to delete the item or not. Figure 3.37 Delete Item UI 34

48 3.5.6 Algorithm/Technique This section will describe in detail on how Bayesian Average is be implemented in the calculation of feedback to get the result of each item either excellent, good, okay, bad or very bad in this application. Bayesian Average Formula as shown in Figure Figure 3.38 Bayesian Average Calculation of Bayesian Average Item ID Feedback Value Table 3.1 example of feedback For example, Table 3.1 shows three items that assigned as Item ID 001, 002 and 003. For item 001, one user has rated five stars and average rating is 5. Then, three users have rated item 002 with 3,2 and 3 stars each and average rating is 2.7. Lastly, item 003 have been rated by two users with 4 and three stars each and average rating is 3.4. The average number of votes for all item is 2. Meanwhile, average rating for all item is The calculation of rating value as shown below:- Item 001 = (2*3.333)+(1*5))/(2+1) =3.9 Item 002 = (2*3.333)+(3*2.67))/(2+3) =2.94 Item 003 = (2*3.333)+(2*3.5))/(2+2) =

49 After calculation the rating, it will generate the result of each item. Figure 3.19 shows how the result will be generated. Table 3.2 shows the result of items. Item ID Average rating Result Okay Bad Okay Table 3.2 Result of items Figure 3.39 Generate Result 3.6 Summary This chapter discusses the methodology specification used for development this application and hardware and software required to develop this mobile application. The chosen methodology is Waterfall Model. All the phases involved in this methodology had been clearly defined in this chapter. Besides, system design such as database design, framework design and process model also had been showed in this chapter. The design is important to ensure the system being developed according to the requirement. 36

50 REFERENCES 1. Mui, L., Mohtashemi, M., Ang, C., Szolovits, P., & Halberstadt, A. (2001, December). Ratings in distributed systems: A bayesian approach. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS) (pp. 1-7) 2. Ng, H. N. (2016). Community Price Sharing and Price Comparing on Mobile Application (Doctoral dissertation, UTAR).. 3. Rendle, S., Freudenthaler, C., Gantner, Z., & Schmidt-Thieme, L. (2009, June). BPR: Bayesian personalized ranking from implicit feedback. In Proceedings of the twenty-fifth conference on uncertainty in artificial intelligence (pp ). AUAI Press. 4. Cruz, B., & McKenna, J. (2011). How Smartphones Are Changing the Retail Shopping Experience. Research Report, Chadwick Martin Bailey, Boston, March. 5. Evan Miller. (2012). Bayesian Average Rating. Retrieved from 6. Wel, C. A. C., Hussin, S. R., Omar, N. A., & Nor, S. M. (2012). Important determinant of consumers retail selection decision in Malaysia. World Review of Business Research, 2(2), Jonathan Bhaskar and Pratik Goswami. Ranking Products by Bayesian Estimates.Retrieved from 8. Ozakca, M., & Lim, Y. K. (2006, April). A study of reviews and ratings on the internet. In CHI'06 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (pp ). ACM. 9. Vinay, V., Wood, K., Milic-Frayling, N., & Cox, I. J. (2005, May). Comparing relevance feedback algorithms for web search. In Special interest tracks and posters of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web (pp ). ACM. 10. Ng, H. N. (2016). Community Price Sharing and Price Comparing on Mobile Application (Doctoral dissertation, UTAR). 37