Onshore remote sensing applications: an overview

Transcription

1 Onshore remote sensing applications: an overview Dr. Richard Teeuw and Dr. Malcolm Whitworth School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK.

2 Overview Presentation on the applications of earth observation data for onshore oil and gas applications: Current satellite systems and applications Moderate and high resolution systems Geological and geomorphological applications Opportunities from new earth observation platforms Geological and terrain evaluation

3 Established sensors and applications Access to data Free data sources (such as GLCF), low cost ASTER imagery. Online 2D and 3D spatial tools (Google Maps, Bing Maps and Flash Earth). Suitable for preliminary stages of exploration. Established sensors Spatial ranges: m / 15-30m / 0.5-5m Spectral ranges: Visible / NIR / SWIR / TIR / SAR Temporal ranges: monthly to daily DEM ranges: 90m / 30m / 5-1m (visualisation and 3-D geological modelling)

4 Current optical satellites Moderate and high resolution optical sensors. Choice of satellites is a balance of spectral and spatial resolution. All sensors provide imagery in the visible and near infrared. Moderate resolution sensors offer imagery acquired in the short ware infrared or thermal infrared. Many have DEM capabilities.

5 Iron Argillic / Phyllic Silica Advanced Argillic Carbonate Yellow Iron Red Iron Hydroxyl Minerals Clay Courtesy of Dan Taranik / AngloAmerican

6 ASTER vs. Landsat for stratigraphic mapping

7 Hyperspectral Mineral mapping and lithological discrimination via airborne hyperspectral sensors (eg AVIRIS HyMap) now well established BUT still lacking satellite hyperspectral systems (except Hyperion)

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10 Geomorphological applications Nichol et al, 2006, Geomorphology

11 Terrain evaluation applications Role of optical remote sensing in the concept, design and operation stages of surface installations and pipelines.

12 Improvements in scale of landforms visible from imagery

13 Opportunities

14 Recent developments in remote sensing Developments in remote sensing platforms include: Developments Increased spatial resolution Greater temporal resolution High resolution topographic data Applications 1. Improved interpretation and classification of landforms. 2. Improved reliability in classification. 3. Increased image complexity. 1. Ability to monitor ground behaviour 2. Fewer gaps in data coverage. 1. Geo and topographic correction. 2. Improved interpretation and classification of landforms. 3. Improved visualisations.

15 Recent developments in remote sensing Developments in remote sensing platforms include: Developments Stereo capabilities InSAR constellations Optical constellations Applications 1. Stereo viewing capabilities for visualisation. 2. Improved surface mapping. 1. Identification and measurement of ground movement. 1. Regular repeat surveys. 2. Ground monitoring capabilities. 3. Environmental monitoring.

16 Recent developments in remote sensing Developments in remote sensing platforms include: Developments Optical and DEM data acquisition Hyperspectral imagery Applications 1. Three dimensional mapping capabilities 2. Surface monitoring possible in x, y and z. 1. Surface land cover mapping. 2. Surface geological mapping. 3. Environmental applications (pollution).

17 Recent developments in remote sensing Developments in remote sensing platforms include: Developments Low cost imagery Online resources Applications 1. Initial terrain evaluation. 2. Optical data includes Landsat and ASTER. 3. DEM data includes SRTM and ASTER data. 4. Free Sentinel imagery 1. Increased availability of spatial data. 2. Portals such as Google Earth and FlashEarth.com. 3. Improved desk top visualisations. 4. Online access to Sentinel imagery.

18 Free regional mapping, via global DEMs (SRTM, ASTER G-DEM) & Google Earth Commercial DEM data Improved global DEM coverage, with Tandem-X 12m grid data now being compiled. DEMs with 2m pixels & 1m contours available from WorldView and GeoEye stereopairs

19 Online global data sources

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23 Geological mapping applications Requirements from industry for surface mapping capabilities High resolution Hyperspectral band ranges Increased number/resolution thermal bands Success of the ASTER sensor Satellite constellations

24 Gravity: GRACE (NASA/DLR) and GOCE (ESA) Regional gravity-field data from these gravimeter satellites could lead to better modelling of rift systems and basins. Agreement for support through until Right: GRACE monitoring of groundwater volumes in NE India,

25 Global digital elevation data TanDEM-X global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 12 m DEM data (relative z accuracy = 2 m, absolute z accuracy = 10 m). Twin satellite system orbiting alongside TerraSAR-X for terrain data collection. Shaded relief ASTER GDEM Kyrgyzstan.

26 High resolution optical and DEM data Current and new satellites provide high resolution optical imagery and digital elevation data (DEM). Satellites such as Worldview and Geoeye provide high resolution DEM data and new satellites will continue this trend.

27 High resolution optical and DEM data New opportunities for monitoring: Subsidence monitoring through DEM comparison. Surface displacement using image matching applied to two sets of images from different dates. Change detection involves analysis of two or more image scenes from different dates. Hazard assessment and monitoring applications.

28 Image processing and geo-information developments Image complexity Increase in image resolution results in greater image complexity. Image segmentation, object based image analysis. Multivariate remote sensing approach using combination of different datasets (uncorrelated). Importance of spatial image analysis (texture). DEM data analysis Morphomometric indices are sensitive to data quality. Applications from basin scale (for geological applications) through to detailed site level geomorphological applications. Anaglyph, stereogram and three dimensional visualisations.

29 Summary table

30 Thank you any questions? Dr. Malcolm Whitworth Dr. Richard Teeuw