CHAPTER 10. The Passive

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 10 The Passive CONTENTS 10-1 Active sentences and passive sentences(cg-26.1) 10-2 Form of the passive(cg-26.2) 10-3 Transitive and intransitive verbs(cg-26.3) 10-4 Using the by-phrase(cg-26.4) 10-5 Passive modal auxiliaries(cg-26.5) 1

2 10-1 ACTIVE SENTENCES AND PASSIVE SENTENCES The chair is being made by the carpenter. 2

3 10-1 ACTIVE SENTENCES AND PASSIVE SENTENCES (a) ACTIVE: The carpenter sanded the wood. same meaning (b) PASSIVE: The wood was sanded by the carpenter. 3

4 10-1 ACTIVE SENTENCES AND PASSIVE SENTENCES ACTIVE: PASSIVE: S O (c) Carol sold the house. S by + O (d) The house was sold by Carol. object of active subject of active subject of passive object of by 4

5 10-2 FORM OF THE PASSIVE Cars are driven by people. 5

6 10-2 FORM OF THE PASSIVE BE + PAST PARTICIPLE (a) Cars are driven by people. (b) The award was given by the boss. (c) The book will be published by Pearson. 6

7 10-2 FORM OF THE PASSIVE SIMPLE PRESENT People drive cars. Cars are driven by people. SIMPLE PAST The new job thrilled Tim. Tim was thrilled by the new job. 7

8 10-2 FORM OF THE PASSIVE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE The boys are eating the cookies. The cookies are being eaten by the boys. PAST PROGRESSIVE Jamal was washing the dishes. The dishes were being washed by Jamal. 8

9 10-2 FORM OF THE PASSIVE PRESENT PERFECT Al has printed the photo. The photo has been printed by Al. FUTURE Talya will make the announcement. The announcement will be made by Talya. 9

10 10-1, 10-2 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE The squirrel gathered the nuts. PASSIVE The nuts were gathered by the squirrel. 10

11 10-1, 10-2 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE Matthew painted the wall. PASSIVE The wall was painted by Matthew. 11

12 10-1, 10-2 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE The voters will determine the election results. PASSIVE The election results will be determined by the voters. 12

13 10-3 TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS Erica sneezed. 13

14 10-3 TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS (a -c) TRANSITIVE S V O Janet earned the promotion. They saw the accident. (d-f) INTRANSITIVE S A problem occurred. They arrived late. V TRANSITIVE verb + object INTRANSITIVE verb + object 14

15 10-3 TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS TRANSITIVE VERBS (g) ACTIVE: Janet earned the promotion. (h) PASSIVE: The promotion was earned by Janet. INTRANSITIVE VERBS (i) ACTIVE: Birds fly. (j) PASSIVE: (Not possible) (k) INCORRECT: Birds are fly. 15

16 10-3 LET S PRACTICE transitive intransitive? It rained yesterday. 16

17 10-3 LET S PRACTICE transitive intransitive? Eva won a medal. PASSIVE: A medal was won by Eva. 17

18 10-3 LET S PRACTICE transitive intransitive? Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. PASSIVE: The World Wide Web was invented by Tim Berners-Lee. 18

19 10-4 USING THE BY- PHRASE This painting was done by my mother. 19

20 10-4 USING THE BY- PHRASE (a) This desk was made by Manuel. by phrase important information 20

21 10-4 USING THE BY- PHRASE (b) This desk was made in Taiwan. (c) Corn is eaten in many places. (d) That apartment was built in (e) Spanish is spoken in many countries. usually NO by-phrase 21

22 10-4 USING THE BY- PHRASE ACTIVE (f) My mother is a great artist. She painted many beautiful portraits. PASSIVE (g) This painting was done by my mother. That one was done by her friend. focus by-phrase my mother focus on subjects 22

23 10-4 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. PASSIVE Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 23

24 10-4 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE Many students use computers. PASSIVE Computers are used by many students. 24

25 10-4 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE Tina taught me how to knit. PASSIVE I was taught to knit by Tina. 25

26 10-5 PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES Lin will you. 26

27 10-5 PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES ACTIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES Lin will send it. It will be sent by Lin. Lin can send it. It can be sent by Lin. Lin must send it. It must be sent by Lin. Lin may send it. It may be sent by Lin. FORM: modal + be + past participle 27

28 10-5 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE MODALS Someone must mow the grass today. PASSIVE MODALS This grass. must be mowed today 28

29 10-5 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE MODALS You should not feed candy to babies. PASSIVE MODALS Babies. should not be fed candy 29

30 10-5 LET S PRACTICE ACTIVE MODALS People cannot control hurricanes. PASSIVE MODALS Hurricanes cannot be controlled. 30

31 英语, 是一种态度 English is an attitude 课程已结束, 下节课再见 The class is over. Life English Level Ⅰ- Grammar More courses information, Please visit our website, Copyright Hiknow.com, All Rights Reserved. 31