10 Years of Implied Metrology. Stewart Cannon 4D Nav

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1 10 Years of Implied Metrology Stewart Cannon 4D Nav

2 Green Canyon Area of Gulf of Mexico 150 miles south of New Orleans First oil 2007 Oil and Gas exported via Caesar and Cleopatra pipeline systems

3 Two producing drill centers, DC1 & DC3. Production and Quarters (PQ) platform 2 miles south of DC1 Water depth ranges from 1600m at DC3 to 2100m at the PQ. PQ processes 200,000 barrels/day

4 DC 1

5 DC1-5 manifolds, 5 PLEMs and 11 trees all installed on 36 inch foundation piles. 300m along its north south axis Permanently installed tripods for LBL positioning

6 DC 3

7 DC3-2 manifolds, 1 PLEM and 3 trees, also installed on foundation piles Permanently installed tripods for LBL positioning at each drill centre 4 additional wells planned

8 Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology 8

9 Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology 9

10 Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology 10

11 Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology - Offshore X,Y,Z Pitch Roll Heading 11

Determine XYZ coordinates of jumper hubs, hub pitch and hub roll relative to the point where the

12 . Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology fabrication yard Perform dimensional control survey of structure to be landed on the foundation pile. Determine XYZ coordinates of jumper hubs, hub pitch and hub roll relative to the point where the structure interfaces with the subsea pile Additional receptacles installed on the structure provide additional datum points when structures are installed subsea. 12

13 Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology Install Structure Metrology Issue Metrology Drawings Isometric Drawings 3 to 4 weeks from metrology to jumper load out Critical path to well start up Fabrication Pressure Test Load Out & Transport to Field Install Jumper Well Start Up 13

14 Pre-Fabricated Jumper Metrology Install Structure Install Jumper Issue Metrology Drawings Well Start Up Perform metrology to subsea foundation piles Isometric Drawings Fabrication 1 st Oil accelerated 4 weeks Pressure Test Load Out & Transport to Field Install Jumper 14

15 Metrology calculator software developed to allow data to be viewed and analyzed plus provide an input to real-time software Dimensional Control Data RigNav Baselines Depth Loops Inclinations Gyro Data Metrology Calculator Forensic Analysis Quality Control

seabed and may be keyed Tripods may have

16 Data Model Piles and Tripods Model includes piles, tripods, structures, metrology tools and hubs/receptacles Piles and Wellheads are fixed to the seabed and may be keyed Tripods may have different positions at different times to accommodate movement

Data Model Structures and Hubs Structures sit

17 Data Model Structures and Hubs Structures sit on piles or mudmats, may be keyed or able to rotate and have hubs and receptacles Hubs and receptacles are defined by coordinates and attitudes in a structure based system Metrology tools sit on piles or hubs and have receptacles

18 Data Model Jumpers Jumpers connect one hub to another Coordinates and attitude of both hubs computed Implied metrology developed from the hub-to-hub relationship Vertical profile of jumper added for 3D viewing and clearance calculations

19 Data Model: Observations Observations include baselines, attitudes, gyro headings and depth loops Observations are grouped into data sets and campaigns Observed data imported into MC to eliminate transcription errors Observations collected over 10 years

Metrology Some Initial As DC Tripods piles 1 was spaced calibration pile-to-wellhead set and much Calculator wellheads about form better was 250m a near-field was done for baselines were and implied

20 Metrology Some Initial As DC Tripods piles 1 was spaced calibration pile-to-wellhead set and much Calculator wellheads about form better was 250m a near-field was done for baselines were and implied subsequently with installed DC array Mk were 3 metrology about 4 and baselines Compatts collected used 500m an initial to the were with perform but and calibration longer not WF 8 collected tripods used and a distances complete adjusted in was at to the each tripods performed initial make adjustment using site a adjustment scale sound with no the factor velocity scale existing factor the well dominant using set at all the error fiduciary baselines source point

Network Reduced Depth Paroscientific Initially loops

solution Sensor the sensor between misclosure on based

techniques amount Depths depth of loops but time used

21 Network Reduced Depth Paroscientific Initially loops used adjustment by pro-rating measured Pressure pressure solution Sensor the sensor between misclosure on based used piles Compatts to on by measure land the for techniques amount Depths depth of loops but time used not spent reliable on enough a segment of a loop to correct for tide

Heading Observations Metrology Gyro Piles and were or Inclinometer wellhead was keyed

slotted on data attitude different were piles collected interface not determination

wellhead to to stab compute with attitude and a top and heading of precise real-world pile

22 Heading Observations Metrology Gyro Piles and were or Inclinometer wellhead was keyed tools measured were used and heading collected Compatt wellheads for on mechanical and slotted on data attitude different were piles collected interface not determination quadrants so trees between each had and pile to required Compatt reduced be or landed wellhead to to stab compute with attitude and a top and heading of precise real-world pile tolerance of wellhead coordinates the pile and offsets hubs between and receptacles the stab and inclinometer

Heading Calculation Heading measured in multiple quadrants C-O of slots measured with DC survey Meridian Convergence computed and applied All heading

23 Heading Calculation Heading measured in multiple quadrants C-O of slots measured with DC survey Meridian Convergence computed and applied All heading observations reduced to one quadrant and averaged Also possible to compute headings with observations to at least two receptacles or hubs on a structure

24 Dimensional Control Locations and attitudes of hubs and receptacles surveyed into a structure-oriented coordinate system for structures and metrology brackets Orientation of key surveyed precisely

25 Dimensional Control Coordinates entered into MC.dwg outline of structure and 3D model also entered Report and page number referenced in MC for easy access

26 Implied Metrology Given position and attitude of two hubs we can determine the metrology between them In the case of trees the wellheads were not slotted so they had to be placed within a couple of degrees of planned heading Jumpers were prefabricated

A Most Issues Multi-path Checks Baselines total measurements with of around 14 27 were from initial observation the generally measuring manifold network were observed campaigns headings baselines

27 A Most Issues Multi-path Checks Baselines total measurements with of around were from initial observation the generally measuring manifold network were observed campaigns headings baselines were made between were with required through as Mk conducted infrastructure hubs 5 collection structures Compatts to confirm DC1 of was and baselines 3 over implied observed installed 97 years and or with adjustments and if metrology network high it each became residuals campaign solution prior were evident were to done jumper for typically seen heading that without installation during the having and tripods a a scale position measurement multiple should factor baseline have check campaign been gyro data higher observations sets

28 Compatt Transducer to Receptacle Reduction The position of interest is the receptacle and not the transducer The Compatt may be mounted on a metrology bracket due to accessibility issues These calculations were added as part of the network adjustment

Horizontal Network Adjustment Network adjustments were performed using all available data to QC results Incorporates all dimensional control and holds lever arms fixed Network adjustment considered

29 Horizontal Network Adjustment Network adjustments were performed using all available data to QC results Incorporates all dimensional control and holds lever arms fixed Network adjustment considered all baselines and headings Used tripod model that allowed for tripod movement through time Combined solution for position and heading of structures Cascaded calculation technique was developed that feeds output from attitude calculations to depth network calculation to network adjustment

30 FREQUENCY Baseline Measurements 1028 Baselines Weighted by standard deviation which combined detection accuracy and sound velocity accuracy All residuals for baselines less than 30m were less that 2cm Baselines (cm) More BIN Frequency

31 FREQUENCY Gyro Measurements 67 heading measurements in slotted piles and receptacles 10 9 Heading Residuals 9 9 Heading was computed by a weighted combination or baselines and gyro measurements Larger spread than anticipated indicates accuracy expectations not met Analysis showed this to be due to a combination of mechanical and procedural issues BIN Frequency

Vertical Network Adjustment Used least squares techniques developed for land differential level networks Provides redundancy and an indication of accuracy

32 Vertical Network Adjustment Used least squares techniques developed for land differential level networks Provides redundancy and an indication of accuracy via residuals Observations were the differential depth between two points after misclosure was distributed All depth loop segments used the same weighting

33 FREQUENCY Depth Loop Measurements 611 Depth Loop segments Most residuals within 2cm There were some cases of depth loops between the same two points measured at different times having a difference of 15cm Could have been caused by pile settlement Depth Loops (cm) More Frequency BIN

Forensic Metrology Headings of four structures measured by gyro were determined to be in error by over two degrees by using baselines to compute independent headings A tripod was suspected of moving

34 Forensic Metrology Headings of four structures measured by gyro were determined to be in error by over two degrees by using baselines to compute independent headings A tripod was suspected of moving several times due to high baseline residuals. Analysis determined it was a combination of one movement and multipath. Initial observations used a scale factor and subsequent data sets didn t. With the site at the border of UTM zone there was a noticeable difference in the tripod coordinates. Sound velocity issues were noted in some data sets when a velocimeter was used instead of a CTD

35 RigNav: Real-time Application for Rig Safety The positions, headings and attitudes derived from the metrology are used to generate 3D scenes describing the fields in detail Used by Drilling group to monitor spatial relations between BOP and the infrastructure DROP model used to predict landing spot for dropped objects Metrology Calculator Positions, attitudes and headings 3D Models RigNav realtime software

36 RigNav: Vertical Clearance Planning

37 RigNav: Vertical Clearance Monitoring

partnership with Sonardyne Planning tools to generate steps for

38 Commercialization of Technology Metrology Calculator developed into a commercial joboriented software package called Connect in partnership with Sonardyne Planning tools to generate steps for metrology process In addition to calculations collects all data in real-time

Deepwater Spoolpiece Metrology and INS

Deepwater Spoolpiece Metrology and INS ir. Wilbert Brink AVANS Hogeschool - 16 June 2009 Introduction What is a deepwater spoolpiece metrology? What is the classical way of doing a metrology? How can we